Association of Systemic Inflammatory Response Index with Disease Severity and Adverse Outcome in Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension.

Background: Composite inflammatory markers, such as the systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI), are associated with the severity and progression of several cardiovascular diseases. However, the relationship between SIRI and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) remains unclear. We hypothesized that elevated SIRI levels would correlate with disease severity and independently predict adverse clinical outcomes in patients with CTEPH.

Deep Learning-Enhanced Noninvasive Detection of Pulmonary Hypertension and Subtypes via Chest Radiographs, Validated by Catheterization.

Background: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a complex, life-threatening condition requiring noninvasive, accessible, and accurate diagnostic tools, particularly in resource-limited settings. Early and precise identification of PH and its subtypes is critical for effective management and timely intervention.

Research Question: Can deep learning (DL) methods applied to chest radiography (CXR) accurately detect PH and its subtype, congenital heart disease-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension (CHD-PAH)?

Study Design And Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted with 4,576 patients, including 2,288 patients with PH, who underwent CXR followed by right heart catheterization (RHC) or transthoracic echocardiography.

Co-transcriptional folding orchestrates sequential multi-effector sensing by a glycine tandem riboswitch.

Riboswitches are non-coding RNA motifs that regulate gene expression in response to ligand binding. The glycine tandem riboswitch (GTR) is notable because it comprises two distinct glycine aptamers that interact extensively. These inter-aptamer contacts drive conformational changes in the downstream expression platform to control gene expression.

Enhancing RNA 3D Structure Prediction in CASP16: Integrating Physics-Based Modeling With Machine Learning for Improved Predictions.

During the 16th Critical Assessment of Structure Prediction (CASP16), the Vfold team participated in the two RNA categories: RNA Monomers and RNA Multimers. The Vfold RNA structure prediction method is hierarchical and hybrid, incorporating physics-based models (Vfold2D and VfoldMCPX) for 2D structure prediction, template-based and molecular dynamics simulation-based models (Vfold-Pipeline, IsRNA and RNAJP) for 3D structure prediction. Additionally, Vfold integrates knowledge from templates and the state-of-the-art machine learning model AlphaFold3 into our physics-based models.

Association of Ambient Air Pollution With Invasive Pulmonary Hemodynamics and Long-Term Outcomes in Patients With Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension.

Background: Although the impact of ambient air pollution on mortality in cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases is well documented, its specific link to pulmonary arterial hypertension remains unclear. This study investigated the association between ambient particulate matter (PM) exposure and all-cause death or lung transplantation, as well as pulmonary hemodynamics in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 1327 participants with pulmonary arterial hypertension who underwent right heart catheterization (RHC).

Morphological and molecular analyses revealed four new wood-inhabiting fungal species (Hymenochaetales, Basidiomycota) from Yunnan.

Hymenochaetales is one of the fungal orders mainly composed of wood-inhabiting macrofungi within the class Agaricomycetes, Basidiomycota. Four new Hymenochaetales wood-inhabiting fungi, , , , and collected from China are proposed based on morphological characteristics and molecular evidence. is distinguished by flocculent basidiomata with cinnamon to yellowish brown to rust-brown hymenial surface, generative hyphae with simple septa and broadly ellipsoid to globose basidiospores.

Development and validation of multimodal deep learning algorithms for detecting pulmonary hypertension.

Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE), commonly used for initial screening of pulmonary hypertension (PH), often lacks sufficient accuracy. To address this gap, we developed and validated a multimodal fusion model for improved PH screening (MMF-PH). The study was registered in the ClinicalTrials.

KLF12 transcriptional activation by a novel LncRNA A930015D03Rik enhances melanoma metastasis.

Melanoma metastasis remains a poorly understood yet fatal hallmark of cancer progression, with limited therapeutic strategies targeting its underlying mechanisms. While the transcription factor KLF12 shows paradoxical roles across malignancies, its context-dependent functions in melanoma-particularly its regulatory interplay with extracellular vesicle (EV)-driven intercellular communication-have not been systematically explored. To address this gap, we investigated how metastatic melanoma cells exploit KLF12-mediated pathways through EV cargo transfer to propagate aggressive phenotypes.

Exosomal lncRNA Mir100hg from lung cancer stem cells activates H3K14 lactylation to enhance metastatic activity in non-stem lung cancer cells.

The mean survival of metastatic lung adenocarcinoma is less than 1 year, highlighting the urgent need to understand the mechanisms underlying its high mortality rate. The role of Extracellular vesicles (EVs) in facilitating the interactions between cancer cells and the metastatic microenvironment has garnered increasing attention. Previous studies on the role of EVs in metastasis have been primarily focused on cancer cell-derived EVs in modulating the functions of stromal cells.

Tetrahedral-DNA-Nanostructure-Modified Engineered Extracellular Vesicles Enhance Oral Squamous Cell Carcinomas Therapy by Targeting GPX4.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) represents a heterogeneous group of malignancies originating from the mucosal lining of the oral cavity. Current treatment modalities primarily involve surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. Despite the use of multimodal therapy, the 5 year overall survival rate for OSCC remains around 50%, underscoring the need for the development of nontoxic agents with potent antitumor activity.

Celastrol promotes apoptotic cell death in thyroid cancer cells through a caspases-dependent pathway.

Background: Celastrol, a naturally occurring bioactive compound, has demonstrated potential in treating inflammation, obesity, and tumors, particularly in colorectal, gastric, and breast cancers. However, its therapeutic effects on thyroid cancer (TC), which have poor clinical outcomes, remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate Celastrol's potential in treating thyroid cancer using cell lines.

Molecular phylogeny and taxonomy reveal two new genera and five new species in Phanerochaetaceae (Polyporales) from Yunnan, Southwest China.

In the present study, two new genera , and , and five new species, , , , , and collected from southern China, are proposed based on a combination of morphological features and molecular evidence. is characterized by the resupinate, membranaceous basidiomata with pale cream to gray cream hymenial surface and a monomitic hyphal system with simple septa and clamp connections; is characterized by soft coriaceous basidiomata, a monomitic hyphal system and ellipsoid basidiospores (3.5-5 × 2-2.

Association of insulin resistance surrogates with disease severity and adverse outcomes in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension: a multicenter cohort study.

Background: Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is a severely progressive disease that leads to right heart failure and death. Previous studies have shown that diabetes and insulin resistance (IR) are closely related to pulmonary hypertension, but the role of IR in patients with CTEPH remains unexplored. In this study, we investigated the relationship between four insulin resistance indices and disease severity, hemodynamic parameters, and adverse outcomes in patients with CTEPH.

Optimization of Catalytic Soot Oxidation by 3DOM Perovskite-Type LaKSrCoO Catalysts: Structural Insights and K Substitution.

A series of 3DOM LaKSrCoO catalysts were synthesized using colloidal crystal templating and citric acid complexation methods. The substitution of K ions for A-site La ions was found to markedly enhance the catalysts' intrinsic activity, with the LaKSrCoO catalyst showing exceptional performance comparable to commercial precious metal catalysts. The LaKSrCoO catalyst demonstrated the highest catalytic activity, with T, T, and T values of 280 °C, 335 °C, and 387 °C, respectively.

[Comparison of effectiveness between two surgical methods for humeral lateral condyle fractures in children].

Objective: To compare the effectiveness of ultrasound-guided closed reduction with Kirschner wire fixation and open reduction with Kirschner wire fixation in the treatment of humeral lateral condyle fracture (HLCF) in children.

Methods: A clinical data of 53 children with HLCF admitted between May 2020 and April 2023 and met selective criteria was retrospectively analyzed. Of these, 25 cases were managed with closed reduction and Kirschner wire fixation under ultrasound guidance (closed group), while 28 cases underwent open reduction and Kirschner wire fixation (open group).

Chinese consensus report on the assessment and management of obstructive sleep apnea in patients with cardiovascular disease: 2024 edition.

As cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence and mortality rates continue to rise in China, the importance of identifying and managing CVD risk factors grows. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a prevalent sleep-related breathing disorder, affecting an estimated 936 million individuals aged 30-69 worldwide, with China leading globally with about 176 million affected. Increasing research indicates a close association between OSA and the onset and progression of various CVD, significantly affecting outcomes.

Discovery of a potent and selective TRPC3 antagonist with neuroprotective effects.

The TRPC3 protein plays a pivotal role in calcium signaling, influencing cell function. Aberrant TRPC3 expression is implicated in various pathologies, including cardiovascular diseases, tumors, and neurodegeneration. Despite its functional similarities with TRPC6 and TRPC7, TRPC3 exhibits distinct roles in disease contexts.

mRNA vaccine sequence and structure design and optimization: Advances and challenges.

Messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines have emerged as a powerful tool against communicable diseases and cancers, as demonstrated by their huge success during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Despite the outstanding achievements, mRNA vaccines still face challenges such as stringent storage requirements, insufficient antigen expression, and unexpected immune responses. Since the intrinsic properties of mRNA molecules significantly impact vaccine performance, optimizing mRNA design is crucial in preclinical development.

The Diversity and Taxonomy of Thelephoraceae (Basidiomycota) with Descriptions of Four Species from Southwestern China.

Taxonomy plays a central role in understanding the diversity of life, translating the products of biological exploration and discovery specimens and observations into systems of names that settle a "classification home" to taxa. The ectomycorrhizal basidiomycetes family Thelephoraceae has been understudied in subtropical ecosystems. Many species of Thelephoraceae are important edible and medicinal fungi, with substantial economic value.

Exploring exosomes: novel diagnostic and therapeutic frontiers in thyroid cancer.

In recent years, the incidence of thyroid cancer has surged globally, posing significant challenges in its diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis. Exosomes, as a class of extracellular vesicles, are secreted by nearly all cell types and encapsulate a variety of nucleic acids and proteins reflective of their cell of origin, thereby facilitating critical intercellular communication. Recent advancements in understanding these exosomes have catalyzed their application in oncology, particularly through uncovering their roles in the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapy of cancers.

The effect of circulating tumor DNA on the prognosis of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) has emerged as a valuable liquid biopsy biomarker in the field of oncology, including head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs), offering potential insights into cancer diagnosis, progression, and prognosis. This review aims to comprehensively evaluate the utility of ctDNA as a prognostic biomarker in HNSCC.

Methods: PubMed and Ovid were searched as part of our review.

Regulation of MareA Gene on Monascus Growth and Metabolism Under Different Nitrogen Sources.

Monascus is a widely used natural microorganism in our country, which can produce useful secondary metabolites. Studies have shown that the nitrogen source directly affects the growth, reproduction, and secondary metabolites of Monascus. As a global transcriptional regulator of nitrogen metabolism, MareA gene is involved in the regulation of secondary metabolism.