Development of Thymic Organoids Heterotopically to Educate and Induce T Lymphocytes.

Background: Vascularized composite allotransplantation (VCA) is a potential treatment for extensive injuries that replaces defects like-with-like, however allografts are immune-rejectable.

Methods: This study developed in vitro thymic organoids and examined whether donor-derived HSCs could be educated in vivo into T lymphocytes via central tolerance. TECs, TMCs, and HSCs from C57BL/7 (CD45.

In Situ Formation of Zeolitic Imidazolate Frameworks on Nanocellulose Revealed by Time-Resolved Synchrotron Small-Angle and Wide-Angle X-ray Scattering.

Metal-organic frameworks such as ZIF-8, grown in situ on nanocellulose (NC), have gained significant attention in recent years due to the versatility of the processing route and multifaceted application in the field of environmental remediation and biomedical applications. However, insights into the interactions between NC and MOF precursors and MOF structure evolution during in situ synthesis are limited or nonexistent. We report the kinetics of ZIF-8 formation on a nanocellulose (NC) aqueous suspension and in water at room temperature, monitored in real time after the addition of ZIF-8 precursors.

[Exploring the causal relationship between leukocyte telomere length and prostatitis, orchitis, and epididymitis based on a two-sample Mendelian randomization].

Objective: To investigate the genetic causal relationship of leukocyte telomere length (LTL) with prostatitis, orchitis and epididymitis by two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR).

Methods: Using LTL as the exposure factor and prostatitis, orchitis and epididymitis as outcome factors, we mined the Database of Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS). Then, we analyzed the causal relationship of LTL with prostatitis, orchitis and epididymitis by Mendelian randomization using inverse variance weighting (IVW) as the main method and weighted median and MR-Egger regression as auxiliary methods, determined the horizontal multiplicity by MR-Egger intercept test, and conducted sensitivity analysis using the leaving-one-out method.

The Role of Epicanthoplasty Modification in Revising Unsatisfactory Upper Blepharoplasty Outcomes: A Retrospective Study.

Background: The epicanthal fold affects the aesthetic outcome of blepharoplasty in Asians. Thus, blepharoplasty in scenarios with an unmatched epicanthal fold and double eyelid may lead to unsatisfactory results. Restoring the medial canthal region to harmonize with the double eyelid is vital for achieving an upper-eyelid appearance.

A novel nomogram for predicting osteoporosis with low back pain among the patients in Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture of China.

Background: Low back pain (LBP) is one of the most common symptoms of osteoporosis (OP), but LBP caused by osteoporosis can easily be masked by other causes, leading to misdiagnosis. However, there are currently no convenient tools available to identify patients with low back pain caused by osteoporosis.

Methods: We consecutively enrolled 769 patients diagnosed with low back pain in our hospital from January 2019 to March 2024.

A sericin scaffold loaded with supernatant from mesenchymal stem cells exposed to pro-inflammatory cytokines enhances wound healing.

Our previous research established that treatment with IFN-γ and TNF-α (IT) significantly enhanced the paracrine activity of MSCs, resulting in a more effective wound healing response when applied to the wound surface with supernatant from IT-stimulated MSCs (S-IT MSCs). While S-IT MSCs hold promise for advancing wound healing therapy, challenges remain in developing an approach that enhances therapeutic efficacy and simplifies administration. This study proposed a scaffold composed of sericin, known for its skin regeneration properties, to load S-IT MSCs, designated as Se + S-IT MSCs, for the protection of bioactive factors.

IFN-γ could induce ferroptosis in keloid fibroblasts by inhibiting the expression of serpine2.

Keloids are common pathological scars resulting from previous trauma or inflammation. Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) has shown significant therapeutic effects when used alone or in combination with other agents. While IFN-γ has been found to regulate ferroptosis in tumor cells, its ability to regulate ferroptosis in keloid fibroblasts (KFs) is unclear.

Multi-scale prototype convolutional network for few-shot semantic segmentation.

Few-shot semantic segmentation aims to accurately segment objects from a limited amount of annotated data, a task complicated by intra-class variations and prototype representation challenges. To address these issues, we propose the Multi-Scale Prototype Convolutional Network (MPCN). Our approach introduces a Prior Mask Generation (PMG) module, which employs dynamic kernels of varying sizes to capture multi-scale object features.

Quantitative MRI radiomics approach for evaluating muscular alteration in Crohn disease: development of a machine learning-nomogram composite diagnostic tool.

Background: Emerging evidence underscores smooth muscle hyperplasia and hypertrophy, rather than fibrosis, as the defining characteristics of fibrostenotic lesions in Crohn disease (CD). However, non-invasive methods for quantifying these muscular changes have yet to be fully explored.

Aims: To explore the application value of radiomics based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) post-contrast T1-weighted images to identify muscular alteration in CD lesions with significant inflammation.

CWMS-GAN: A small-sample bearing fault diagnosis method based on continuous wavelet transform and multi-size kernel attention mechanism.

In industrial production, obtaining sufficient bearing fault signals is often extremely difficult, leading to a significant degradation in the performance of traditional deep learning-based fault diagnosis models. Many recent studies have shown that data augmentation using generative adversarial networks (GAN) can effectively alleviate this problem. However, the quality of generated samples is closely related to the performance of fault diagnosis models.

Single-cell sequencing reveals PHLDA1-positive smooth muscle cells promote local invasion in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Smooth muscle cells within the tumor microenvironment play a crucial role in cancer progression. However, their involvement in the local invasion of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma remains poorly understood. In this research, we aim to investigate the role of smooth muscle cells-mediated cell interactions in facilitating the local invasion of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Activation of the Reelin/GSK-3β/p-Tau Signaling Pathway in the Hippocampus of Patients with Temporal Lobe Epilepsy.

Purpose: In this study, we evaluated the presence of tau deposition and protein expression of Reelin/GSK-3β/p-Tau signaling pathway in the hippocampus of patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE).

Methods: A total of 37 cases of TLE with and without hippocampal sclerosis (HS) were selected histopathologically for our study with 5 autopsy cases as the control group. Immunohistochemistry and the histelide assay, a novel technique quantifying antigens in paraffin section, were used to confirm the distribution of protein within Reelin/GSK-3β/p-Tau signaling pathway and validate the expression of GSK-3β and AT8 (hyperphosphorylated tau) in this study.

E-PL/MnO nanozymes/gellan gum/hyaluronic acid-based multifunctional hydrogel to promote diabetic wound healing.

The development of multifunctional hydrogels, especially hydrogels with antibacterial and antioxidant properties, plays a crucial role in the effective healing of diabetic wounds. This work proposed a novel composite hydrogel with the oxidized gellan gum (O-GG) and hyaluronic acid (HA) as the hydrogel matrix, and the crosslinking was realized via the Ca. ε-polylysine/MnO nanozymes (EM) offered antioxidant and antibacterial properties to the corresponding composite hydrogels.

Association between sleep patterns and depression in older adults: a cross-sectional study using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2014.

Objective: To assess the association between sleep patterns and sleep factors (sleep duration, trouble sleeping, sleep disorder) and the risk of depression in older adults.

Methods: A total of 5636 participants (2754 men and 2882 women) aged 60 years and older from the 2007-2014 waves of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were included. Sleep duration, sleep problems, and sleep disorders were assessed in the home by trained interviewers using the Computer-Assisted Personal Interviewing (CAPI) system.

IFNγ regulates ferroptosis in KFs by inhibiting the expression of SPOCD1 through DNMT3A.

Keloid is benign skin tumor, and their curing is relatively difficult due to the unclear mechanism of formation. Inducing ferroptosis of keloid fibroblasts (KFs) may become a new method for treating keloid. Here, we discover interferon (IFN)γ could induce KFs ferroptosis through inhibiting SPOC domain-containing protein 1 (SPOCD1), serving as a mode of action for CD8T cell (CTL)-mediated keloid killing.

A Stepwise Approach to Surgical Decision-making for Lower Eyelid Ectropion: Insights from a Retrospective Study.

Background: Cicatricial lower eyelid ectropion is a serious complication resulting from undesired lower lid blepharoplasty or impaired wound healing. Surgical treatment for ectropion is challenging for oculoplastic surgeons due to the unpredictability of surgical outcome and the difficulty of surgical design.

Objectives: The authors aimed to fully describe the surgical decision-making strategy for cicatricial ectropion, and to potentially enhance treatment outcomes.

Increased α-synuclein phosphorylation and oligomerization and altered enzymes in plasma of patients with Parkinson's disease.

The brain of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) was characterized by increased phosphorylation and oligomerization of α-synuclein (α-syn) and altered activity of enzymes regulating α-syn phosphorylation and oligomerization. Whether increased α-syn phosphorylation and oligomerization as well as related enzyme changes can be detected in the plasma of PD patients remains unclear. Here, we showed that human α-syn proteins incubated in PD plasma formed more oligomerized α-syn (O-α-syn) and phosphorylated α-syn (pS-α-syn) than those in healthy control (HC) plasma.

Robust and ultra-thin nanocellulose/MXene composite film and its performance in efficient electricity-generation and sensing.

The conversion of mechanical energy into electrical energy by triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG) has attracted attention in recent years, particularly in the field of wearable sensor. In this work, TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibers (TOCNF) with carboxylate groups were compounded with MXene to serve as both the negative friction layer and the electrode in assembling a TENG with nylon. The synergistic effect between TOCNF and MXene was analyzed to disclose its influence on the performance of the as-prepared TENG.

Comprehensive analysis of skin growth-related hub genes and microenvironment characterization in a mouse expanded skin model.

Background: Mechanical stretch-mediated tissue expansion is effective for obtaining extra skin and soft tissue required for the repair of defects or reconstruction of surface organs. Understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms and identifying hub genes and key cell types associated with skin expansion could help predict the success of skin growth during expansion procedures.

Methods: We analyzed murine chip sequencing data and single-cell sequencing data available from the Gene Expression Omnibus database.

Moisture-Dependent Vibrational Dynamics and Phonon Transport in Nanocellulose Materials.

Superinsulating nanofibrillar cellulose foams have the potential to replace fossil-based insulating materials, but the development is hampered by the moisture-dependent heat transport and the lack of direct measurements of phonon transport. Here, inelastic neutron scattering is used together with wide angle X-ray scattering (WAXS) and small angle neutron scattering to relate the moisture-dependent structural modifications to the vibrational dynamics and phonon transport and scattering of cellulose nanofibrils from wood and tunicate, and wood cellulose nanocrystals (W-CNC). The moisture interacted primarily with the disordered regions in nanocellulose, and WAXS showed that the crystallinity and coherence length increased as the moisture content increased.

Investigating the Associations Between COVID-19, Long COVID, and Sleep Disturbances: Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: COVID-19 has not only resulted in acute health issues but also led to persistent symptoms known as long COVID, which have been linked to disruptions in sleep quality.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the associations between COVID-19, long COVID, and sleep disturbances, focusing on demographic, socioeconomic, and psychological factors among a Chinese population.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 1062 participants from China.

Ginger-derived nanovesicles attenuate osteoarthritis progression by inhibiting oxidative stress via the Nrf2 pathway.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative joint disease. Previous studies demonstrated ginger-derived exosome-like nanovesicles (GDN) showed therapeutic effects in degenerative diseases. However, it remains unknown whether GDN could alleviate OA progression.

Omission of 5-Fluorouracil Bolus From Multidrug Regimens for Advanced Gastrointestinal Cancers: A Multicenter Cohort Study.

Background: 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is a major component of gastrointestinal cancer treatments. In multidrug regimens such as FOLFOX, FOLFIRI, and FOLFIRINOX, 5-FU is commonly administered as a bolus followed by an infusion. However, the pharmacologic rationale for incorporating the 5-FU bolus in these regimens is unclear, and there are other effective regimens for gastrointestinal cancers that do not include the bolus.