Fine-tuning non-fullerene acceptors with halogenation and silicon incorporation for high-performance organic solar cells.

Three novel Y-series NFAs (HSi, FSi, ClSi) with 2D side chain modifications were synthesized to study effects on photovoltaic performance. Halogenation altered molecular packing and energy levels, impacting efficiency. HSi exhibits balanced crystallinity and stacking, resulting in a reduction of non-radiative energy loss to 0.

Alamandine Rescues Cognitive Impairment and Ameliorates Alzheimer's Disease-Like Neuropathology in APP/PS1 Mice.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is on the rise worldwide, consequently driving a growing demand for effective prevention and treatment strategies. Alamandine is a member of the renin-angiotensin system family. Although alamandine exhibits protective effects in the pathophysiology of various disorders, its role in AD remains an unexplored area.

Diminazene Alleviates Neuroinflammation in Ischemic Stroke by Inhibiting Astrocytic Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Oxidative Stress.

Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is a common medical emergency worldwide, and reducing cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (CI/RI) is a crucial strategy for AIS treatment. Diminazene aceturate (DIZE) has demonstrated therapeutic potential in alleviating neurodegenerative diseases, but its specific functions in AIS remain a puzzle. This research aims to investigate the role and mechanisms of DIZE in CI/RI.

Tailoring Low-Miller-Index Crystal Facets Realizes Perovskite Solar Cells with Flat Grain-boundary Grooves.

Charge transport and nonradiative recombination loss at the buried interface are important factors, which limit the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Herein, we screen a series of diphosphate Lewis-base molecules, where N,N-bis(diphenylphosphino)amine (N-DPPM) with appropriate alkyl chains and multiple active sites not only can efficiently facilitate carrier transport but also coordinate with undercoordinated Pb and interact with FA through N⋯H bond. These features prompt the formation of high-quality perovskite films along (100)/(200) crystal facets.

Dalpiciclib combined with pyrotinib and endocrine therapy in women with ER-positive, HER2-positive advanced breast cancer: A prospective, multicenter, single-arm, phase 2 trial.

Background: Combination of HER2-targeted therapy and endocrine therapy offers a more tolerable alternative to HER2-targeted chemotherapy regimens for estrogen receptor (ER)-positive, HER2-positive advanced breast cancer (ABC), but with compromised efficacy. The addition of cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 (CDK4/6) inhibition may enhance the durability of anti-tumor responses, offering a potential chemotherapy-sparing alternative, although its role in the frontline setting remains uncertain. We performed a multicenter, single-arm, phase 2 clinical trial (PLEASURABLE) to assess the activity and safety of combining dalpiciclib with pyrotinib and endocrine therapy in patients receiving first- or second-line treatment for ER-positive and HER2-positive ABC.

Ultrasonic extraction of polyphenols from roots of Ilex asprella: Structural characterization, antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and anti-hyperlipidemic activities.

Plant polyphenols have gained increasing attention due to their abundant and powerful biological activities. However, polyphenols from roots of Ilex asprella (RIAPs) remain largely unexplored, with limited research on their composition and bioactivity, making it necessary to focus on RIAPs. In the present study, single-factor analysis and response surface optimization were performed for the extraction of RIAPs via an ultrasonic bath extraction method.

A rare case of spontaneous intercostal artery pseudoaneurysm rupture and literature review.

Intercostal artery pseudoaneurysms are rare vascular emergencies that are most commonly triggered by trauma or iatrogenic injury. Computed tomography angiography (CTA) is essential for prompt diagnosis, and endovascular embolization is the preferred treatment. We present a rare case of spontaneous rupture of an intercostal artery pseudoaneurysm that manifested initially only as nonspecific upper abdominal pain.

Recent progress in Y-series small molecule acceptors in polymer solar cells.

Polymer solar cells (PSCs) have emerged as a hot research topic in next-generation photovoltaic technology due to their lightweight nature, low-cost fabrication and flexible characteristics. The development of Y-series small molecule acceptors (SMAs) has significantly enhanced photovoltaic performance. This review systematically summarized recent advances in Y-series SMAs, categorized by their electron-deficient fused-ring central cores of benzotriazole (BTA), benzothiadiazole (BT) and quinoxaline (Qx) with emphasis on how molecular structure optimization strategies, including central core engineering, side-chain engineering and end-group engineering, influence optoelectronic properties, film morphology and device performance.

Preparation of high Fischer ratio peptides from seabuckthorn ( L.) seed meal, characterization and functional evaluation.

In order to study the changes before and after the preparation of high F-ratio peptides, seabuckthorn seed meal high F-ratio peptides (HFP) were prepared by using alkaline protease and papain with activated charcoal adsorption, which resulted in an F-ratio of 21.626 at a peptide yield of 22.54 ± 0.

A C1q domain-containing protein from Scapharca subcrenata may participate in the immune defense against pathogen infection.

The C1q domain-containing proteins (C1qDCs) have been shown to play crucial roles in immune responses among invertebrates, but few studies have focused on immune regulatory pathways in bivalves. In this study, we identified a C1qDC gene with a typical C1q domain (designated as SsC1qDC1) from Scapharca subcrenata and characterized its potential immune response against pathogen infection. The full-length cDNA sequence of SsC1qDC1 was 870 bp, encoding a peptide of 259 amino acids with an N-terminal signal peptide.

Novel thiophene[3,4-]thiophene-based polymer acceptors for high-performance all-polymer solar cells.

This work developed three thiophene[3,4-]thiophene-based polymer acceptors using a polymerized small-molecule acceptor strategy. The thiophene π-bridge integration and optimized side-chains enhanced the device performance. The PM6:PYF-EF binary devices achieved 17.

Advances of functional nanomaterials as either therapeutic agents or delivery systems in the treatment of periodontitis.

Periodontitis is a common chronic inflammatory disease primarily caused by pathogenic microorganisms in the oral cavity. Without appropriate treatments, it may lead to the gradual destruction of the supporting tissues of the teeth. While current treatments can alleviate symptoms, they still have limitations, particularly in eliminating pathogenic bacteria, promoting periodontal tissue regeneration, and avoiding antibiotic resistance.

Linear Polymer Cathode Materials for Highly Efficient Aqueous Zinc-Ion Batteries: Is the High Active Sites Density Necessary?

Recently, research on aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) has always focused on improving the energy storage performance by increasing the number of active sites, particularly in designing organic/polymer materials with a high density of active sites. However, does a higher density of active sites necessarily induce enhanced energy storage performance? To verify this issue, we have designed two linear polymers, where TAPT-DHBQ contains an additional pair of active sites (carbonyl groups) compared to TABQ-DHBQ, with theoretical specific capacities of 545.26 and 379.

Preparation, Quality Analysis and Antioxidant Activity of Sea Buckthorn ( L.) Kombucha Beverage at Different Fermentation Temperatures.

Sea buckthorn is a unique resource with high nutritional value. The objective of this study was to develop a novel kombucha beverage from sea buckthorn juice by means of inoculation with kombucha (Symbiotic Culture of Bacteria and Yeast, SCOBY). The study investigated and compared the differences in physicochemical properties, antioxidant activity, and sensory evaluation during fermentation at different temperatures with those of traditional cultured green tea kombucha.

Synergistic Interface Engineering via o-Difluorobenzene-Mediated HPWO Crystallization and ITO Fluorination for 20.57% Efficiency Organic Solar Cells.

Interfacial energy loss is a critical challenge in achieving high-efficiency organic solar cells (OSCs), primarily due to mismatched energy levels and inefficient charge collection. Herein, a bifunctional interface engineering strategy is proposed, employing an ethanol/o-difluorobenzene (EtOH/o-DFB) dual-solvent system for phosphotungstic acid (HPWO) processing. During film formation, o-DFB regulates HPWO crystallization by suppressing excessive aggregation, while enabling in situ ITO fluorination through the adsorbed o-DFB.

Optimizing Molecular Packing and Interfacial Contact via Halogenated N-Glycidyl Carbazole Small Molecules for Low Energy Loss and Highly Efficient Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells.

Nonideal interfacial contact and non-radiative voltage loss in self-assembled monolayers (SAMs)-based inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs) limit their further development. Herein, two carbazole-based molecules with different halogen atoms (X-OCZ, X = Cl or Br) are developed as efficient interfacial regulators. The halogen effect not only finely modulates the molecular packing, crystallinity, and surface contact potential of the MeO-2PACz analogue via self-induced intermolecular interactions but also significantly influences the subsequent crystal growth of perovskite, thus resulting in the formation of high-quality films with enhanced crystallinity, improved energy level alignment, and depressed non-radiative recombination.

Retarding the Growth Kinetics of Chemical Bath Deposited Nickel Oxide Films for Efficient Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells and Minimodules.

The interfacial contact between the hole transport layer (HTL) and perovskite layer plays a critical role in determining the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Herein, to address the limitations of commercial NiO nanoparticles and realize low temperature fabrication of compact NiO film, a chemical bath deposition (CBD) approach is employed and strategically modified. By introducing an amino-alcohol ligand of triisopropanolamine (TPA) into the precursor, the deposition process is effectively controlled.

Different Sized Cycloalkyl Chains on Non-Fullerene Acceptors Enhance Molecular Packing, Film Morphology and Charge Transport for 19.62% Efficiency Organic Solar Cells.

This work addresses the challenge of achieving advanced fibril morphology of non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs) in layer-by-layer organic solar cels (LBL-OSCs) by cycloalkyl chain strategy, focusing on ta series of Y6-type NFAs, namely BTP-C6, BTP-C8 and BTP-C12, featured with cyclohexyl, cyclooctyl and cyclododecyl chains with increasing steric hindrance. These side chains influenced significantly molecular planarity, packing and film morphology, which are critical for device performance. BTP-C6 exhibits optimal molecular packing and fibril network morphology, enabling efficient exciton dissociation, charge transport and balanced carrier mobilities, finally achieving PCEs of 19.

Achieving Finely Optimized Morphology and Highly Efficient Layer-by-Layer Organic Solar Cells via Fluorinated Quinoxaline-Based Polymer Additives.

Vertical phase-separated active layer morphology is essential for organic solar cells (OSCs), which can be effectively achieved through layer-by-layer (LbL) processing, enabling independent optimization of donor and acceptor layers. Here, we present a novel strategy to optimize the active layer morphology of D18/L8-BO-based OSCs by incorporating polyfluoroquinoxaline-type polymer additives. Three quinoxaline-based polymers with varying fluorination contents, namely, P2FQx, P3FQx, and P4FQx, were synthesized and evaluated.

Double Hole Transport Layers Enable 20.42% Efficiency Organic Solar Cells by Aggregation Control of Self-Assembled Molecules on Cobalt Salt Surfaces.

Heterojunction interfaces play a crucial role in charge carrier transport, influencing the overall photovoltaic performance of organic solar cells (OSCs). Despite the importance, advancements in interfacial engineering, especially in optimizing the microstructure and nanomorphology, have not kept pace with research on photoactive layers. In the study, a strategy is explored to control the self-assembly growth of alcohol-soluble Me-4PACz (4P) used as a hole transport layer (HTL) in OSCs.

Correction: The comparative effects of ω-7 fatty acid-rich sea buckthorn oil and ω-3 fatty acid-rich DHA algal oil on improving high-fat diet-induced hyperlipidemia.

Correction for 'The comparative effects of ω-7 fatty acid-rich sea buckthorn oil and ω-3 fatty acid-rich DHA algal oil on improving high-fat diet-induced hyperlipidemia' by Jing Li , , 2025, , 1241-1253, https://doi.org/10.1039/D4FO04961F.

Minimizing Energy Loss by Designing Multifunctional Solid Additives to Independent Regulation of Donor and Acceptor Layers for Efficient LBL Polymer Solar Cells.

Solid additives are crucial in layer-by-layer (LBL) polymer solar cells (PSCs). Despite its importance, the simultaneous application of solid additives into both donor and acceptor layers has been largely overlooked. In this work, two multifunctional solid additives are actively designed, and investigated the synergistic effect on both donor and acceptor layers.

Efficacy and safety of high-vs low-dose sirolimus in patients with kaposiform hemangioendothelioma: A randomized clinical trial.

Background: It remains unknown whether low-dose sirolimus can replace high-dose sirolimus for the treatment of kaposiform hemangioendothelioma (KHE) without the Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon.

Objective: To evaluate the noninferiority and safety of low-dose versus high-dose sirolimus in KHE patients.

Methods: This randomized, multicenter, open-label, noninferiority trial was conducted from February 2021 to August 2022.

[5-HT Promotes Proliferation and Inhibits Apoptosis of Megakarycytes through 5-HT2BR].

Objective: To investigate the effect of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) on the proliferation, apoptosis and colony-forming unit-megakaryocyte (CFU-MK) of Meg-01 cells and its possible mechanisms.

Methods: The uptake and metabolism of 5-HT in Meg-01 cells were analysed by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) with electrochemical detection. The expression of 5-HT2B receptor (5-HT2BR) in megakaryocytes was detected by immunofluorescence staining.