Sleep deprivation exacerbates experimental colitis via down-regulating the clock gene Per2.

Intestinal bowel disease (IBD), prevalent among sleep-deprived populations, is closely associated with circadian rhythm disruptions. Evidence suggests that sleep deprivation (SD) exacerbates colitis; however, the mechanisms remain poorly understood. We subjected mice with Dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) induced acute and chronic colitis to 6 h-SD per day.

Unraveling the Determining Factor of Titanium Oxynitride and Nitride for Ammonia Synthesis.

Nitride-based support materials have attracted significant attention in heterogeneous catalytic ammonia synthesis. However, the correlation between the formation energy of nitrogen vacancies and the electronic work function remains unclear. In this work, we demonstrate that nitrogen vacancies in TiN and TiON support play a crucial role in enhancing the catalytic generation of ammonia.

A Bayesian Adaptive Clustered Prior Learning (ACPL) method for sparse spectroscopic regression.

Background: As regression techniques are increasingly developed and deployed in spectroscopic analysis, we have seen increasing implementation in many scientific and engineering disciplines. Therefore, ensuring their reliability and interpretability has become crucial. Theoretically, the characteristic responses occur in specific regions related to the chemical bonds of analytes, resulting in sparse and continuous feature structures.

Gridded forest carbon sinks and carbon removal projections from 2020 to 2060 in China.

Clarifying the forest carbon sink in the future and detailing its offsetting effect on CO emissions are of great significance to China's Dual-Carbon strategy. This study has innovatively developed a comprehensive analysis to simultaneously consider grid-specific (10 km × 10 km), yearly, and nationwide forest carbon sink and CO emissions to further explore the carbon offset effects of China's forest resources from 2020 to 2060 under scenario combinations integrated by Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs) and Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs). We find that China is projected to achieve carbon peaks around 2025, 2030, and 2040 and China's forest carbon sink is anticipated to peak around 2025 under their associated scenarios.

UniMRE: a unified framework for zero-shot medicial relation extraction with large language models.

Medical relation extraction aims to extract pairs of entities and their corresponding relations from unstructured text, which faces the challenge of a scarcity of labeled data. Zero-shot relation extraction can extract new relations not observed during training and alleviate the problem of scarce medical data. However, existing zero-shot relation extraction methods use semantic similarity matching with limited domain representation capability.

A skin-interfaced three-dimensional closed-loop sensing and therapeutic electronic wound bandage.

Chronic wound healing is a complex and long-standing problem, that has been a major and critical clinical concern around the world for years. Recent advances in digital wound dressings open new possibilities for solving the problem. Here, we report a battery-free, fully permeable, skin-adhesive, stretchable electronic wound bandage (iSAFE) for intelligent wound management.

Bayesian Semi-Supervised Learning (BSSL) for spectral variable selection.

Variable selection are increasingly developed and deployed in spectra analysis, ensuring their reliability has become crucial. However, external disturbances during spectrum measurement, such as noise and distribution shifts, can introduce uncertainties that challenge the reliability of variable selection. To address these challenges, a Bayesian Semi-Supervised Learning (BSSL) framework for variable selection and model updating was developed.

Detection of composite heavy metal content in rape leaf using feature clustering and hyperspectral imaging technology.

Exploring composite heavy metal content in rape is significant for crop growth and human health. The focus of this paper was to assess the viability of detection of composite heavy metal content in rape leaf utilizing hyperspectral imaging technology (HSI). Furthermore, a hybrid feature selection based on feature clustering and symmetric uncertainty (HFCSU) was proposed for spectral data to reduce dimensionality.

HDAC3 inhibition mitigates acute kidney injury by alleviating RIPK1-mediated programmed necrosis.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) refers to clinical syndromes culminating in rapidly reduced renal function associated with inflammation and the demise of renal tubular epithelial cells. Current research aims to develop strategies which prevent tubular cell death. Here, based on the involvement of histone deacetylases (HDACs) in renal physiology and their established role in renal fibrosis, we investigated the mechanistic contributions of HDACs using a mouse model together with studies employing human renal epithelial cells.

Hierarchical clustering and optimal interval combination (HCIC): a knowledge-guided strategy for consistent and interpretable spectral variable interval selection.

Variable selection is crucial for the accuracy of spectral analysis and is typically formulated as an optimization problem using regression techniques. However, these data-driven methods may overlook physical laws or mechanisms, leading to the deselection of physically relevant variables. To address this, we propose a hierarchical clustering and optimal interval combination (HCIC) strategy, guided by domain knowledge, in which physical principles and mechanisms inform algorithm design to capture more physically relevant feature structures.

Clinical characteristics and risk factors for readmission after deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty: a nationwide, cross-sectional, multicenter study.

Background: To assess the incidence, cause and risk factors for unplanned readmission within 90 days after deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK).

Methods: A multicentre cross-sectional study of 3603 eyes of 3588 patients after keratoplasty between January 1st, 2019, and September 30th, 2021 in 16 hospitals across China was performed. The demographic and clinical features between patients after DALK with 90-day unplanned readmission and those who did not have been compared.

Impact of corneal curvature on 2-year postoperative visual outcomes after small incision lenticule extraction for high myopia.

Purpose: High myopia requires precise surgical interventions to ensure optimal visual outcomes. Small Incision Lenticule Extraction (SMILE) has proven effective for high myopia correction, but the long-term impact of corneal curvature on refractive outcomes remains exploring. This study aimed to investigate whether preoperative low mean corneal curvature (Km) might result in refractive overcorrection, and to evaluate its influence on the refractive status of highly myopic patients 2 years post-SMILE surgery.

Correction: Non-metal cocatalyst CNT-modified emerging g-CN for enhanced treatment of waste drilling fluid filtrate.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1039/D4RA07393B.].

Precise Temperature Sensing and Optical Information Storage via Dual-Emission Gallate Phosphors.

Luminescent temperature sensing has become a research hotspot in the past few years. Nevertheless, improving the sensitivity and resolution remains a key challenge. Herein, Bi,Sm-codoped CaYGaO phosphors with precise temperature sensing performance and excellent photochromic characteristics were developed.

Self-powered electrotactile textile haptic glove for enhanced human-machine interface.

Human-machine interface (HMI) plays an important role in various fields, where haptic technologies provide crucial tactile feedback that greatly enhances user experience, especially in virtual reality/augmented reality, prosthetic control, and therapeutic applications. Through tactile feedback, users can interact with devices in a more realistic way, thereby improving the overall effectiveness of the experience. However, existing haptic devices are often bulky due to cumbersome instruments and power modules, limiting comfort and portability.

Proteomic Profiling and Therapeutic Targeting of Oxidative Stress in Autoimmune Encephalitis.

Autoimmune encephalitis (AE) is an immune-mediated non-infectious disease, and novel and robust biomarkers are needed to improve the diagnosis and prognostic outcomes of AE. Oxidative stress is a ubiquitous cellular process causing damage to various biological molecules. The aim of our study was to understand the clinical implication and mechanism underlying oxidative stress in AE.

MSEI-ENet: A Multi-Scale EEG-Inception Integrated Encoder Network for Motor Imagery EEG Decoding.

Background: Due to complex signal characteristics and distinct individual differences, the decoding of a motor imagery electroencephalogram (MI-EEG) is limited by the unsatisfactory performance of suboptimal traditional models.

Methods: A subject-independent model named MSEI-ENet is proposed for multiple-task MI-EEG decoding. It employs a specially designed multi-scale structure EEG-inception module (MSEI) for comprehensive feature learning.

Long Persistent Luminescence in Cu-Doped SrGaGeO for Information Storage and Encryption.

Information storage and encryption are the key technologies for modern information transmission. However, most optical information storage technologies based on long persistent luminescent (PersL) only have one fixed response mode, which is easy to imitate, limiting their security in advanced information storage and encryption applications. Besides, the cost of rare earth-doped PersL materials restricts their wide application.

Non-metal cocatalyst CNT-modified emerging g-CN for enhanced treatment of waste drilling fluid filtrate.

Loading with non-metal cocatalysts to regulate interfacial charge transfer and separation has become a prominent focus in current research. In this study, g-CN/CNT composites loaded with non-metallic cocatalysts were prepared through pyrolysis using urea and CNTs. Various characterization techniques, including transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-vis DRS), photoelectrochemical (PEC) analysis, fluorescence lifetime spectroscopy (TRPL), electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy (ESR), and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, were employed to analyze the sample's microstructure, phase composition, elemental chemical states, and photoelectronic properties.

Long afterglow hybrid nanoplatform for integrated NIR-Ⅱ imaging diagnosis and triple-synergistic treatment of choroidal melanoma.

The key to the treatment of choroidal melanoma (CM) is to improve diagnostic efficiency and find a high-performance treatment to replace the traditional treatment of radiotherapy and enucleation. In this paper, for the first time, long afterglow luminescence material was applied to the integrated diagnosis and treatment of eyes, with its unique advantages in photoluminescence and afterglow luminescence to solve the bottleneck problem of real-time irradiation required for photothermal and photodynamic therapy (PTT and PDT). Based on the excellent photoluminescence and afterglow properties of ZnGaGeO:CrYbEr (ZGGO) nanoparticles, a nanoplatform ZGGO@Au@UiO-66@ZnPc:Dox-FA (GAUZD-FA) for NIR-Ⅱ imaging and triple-synergistic therapy (PTT, PDT and sustained-release drug) was constructed.

A nonlinear creep model of hard structural planes.

Hard structural planes mainly exist in rock slopes and their creep characteristics largely determine slope stability. Traditional models have some shortcomings in describing the creep characteristics of hard structural planes, such as poor adaptability and unclear physical meaning of parameters. In order to overcome these shortcomings, based on the creep failure mechanism of hard structural planes, an element combination model is adopted in the study.

Miniaturized, portable gustation interfaces for VR/AR/MR.

Gustation is one of the five innate sensations for humans, distinguishing from vision, auditory, tactile, and olfaction, as which is a close and chemically induced sense. Despite the fact that a handful of gustation display technologies have been developed, the new technologies still pose significant challenges in miniaturization of the overall size for portability, enriching taste options within a limited working area, supporting natural human-device interaction, and achieving precisely controlled taste feedback. To address these issues, here, we report a set of intelligent and portable lollipop-shaped taste interfacing systems covering from 2 to 9 different taste options for establishing an adjustable taste platform in virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and mixed reality (MR) environments.

Conjugated Porous Organic Polymers Featuring Both Soft-Hard Combined Coordination Sites and Photoelectrochemical Properties for Palladium Capture and Subsequent Photocatalysis.

Palladium (Pd) capture from high-level liquid waste for subsequent photocatalytic applications is desirable for the development of nuclear energy and the reutilization of valuable resources. Herein, we approach our design with a unique porous organic polymer containing thiazolo[5,4-]thiazole units (denoted as TzPOP-OH). It possesses two potential soft-hard (N-O and S-O) combined coordination sites for Pd(II) coordination and features strong donor-acceptor repeating units and high planarity of linkage enforced by hydrogen bonds for subsequent photocatalysis.