Effects of an inflatable lumbar pillow on phenylephrine dose for spinal hypotension in cesarean delivery: an unblinded randomized controlled trial.

Background: Aortocaval compression by the gravid uterus in the supine position may exacerbate spinal hypotension during cesarean delivery. We developed an inflatable lumbar pillow (ILP) to elevate the uterus in the supine position. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the ILP on the dose of phenylephrine to prevent hypotension after spinal anesthesia in cesarean delivery.

Re-Entrant Super-Repellent Metallic Structures for Robust Anti-Icing.

Superhydrophobic surfaces exhibit significant potential for anti-icing applications. However, sustaining the superhydrophobic Cassie-Baxter state under conditions of low temperature, high humidity, and dynamic impacts remains a critical challenge. Re-entrant structures, as a milestone advance in the study of super-repellent surfaces, not only render material surfaces the Cassie-Baxter state when contacting with liquids beyond water, but also raise a capability in keeping the super-repellent surfaces effective under broader environmental conditions.

Extreme wave and storm surge characteristics in the southeastern coastal and offshore regions of China.

A numerical model is established based on the FVCOM-SWAVE wave-current coupling model to investigate the typhoon-induced wave and storm surge level in the southeastern coastal and offshore regions of China. A hindcast of 192 typhoons from 1979 to 2023 is conducted, providing insights into the distribution of significant wave height and storm surge level. The disaster zone maps are derived from the annual extreme significant wave height and storm surge level.

(4 + 1) Annulation of Donor-Acceptor 2-Aryolcyclopropanes with Selenium or Sulfur Powder: Syntheses of Selenophene and Thiophene Derivatives.

An (4 + 1) annulation of donor-acceptor 2-aryolcyclopropanes with selenium or sulfur powder has been developed. One-step conversion of donor-acceptor 2-aryolcyclopropanes provided direct access to multisubstituted selenophenes and thiophenes. A variety of functional groups could be tolerated under the reaction conditions.

Effectiveness of active warming to prevent shivering during elective cesarean delivery under spinal anesthesia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Active warming (AW) is commonly used to prevent hypothermia during cesarean delivery (CD).

Objective: To evaluate the effects of AW on shivering during CD under spinal anesthesia (SA).

Search Strategy: PubMed, Embase, CENTRAL, Web of Science, and Wanfang were searched without language or date restrictions.

Signal Transducer Nanoparticles Enable Siglec-10/G Blockade Immunotherapy for Breast Cancer Treatment.

Current treatments for breast cancer (BC), particularly triple-negative BC, are limited in efficacy due to drug resistance and high recurrence rates. CD24, which is highly expressed in BCs and engages with its receptor Siglec-10/G (Siglec-10 in humans and Siglec-G in mice) on immune cells, represents a promising immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) target. As the engagement is mediated by a short signal transducer (ST) peptide displayed on the BC cell surface, targeting the peptide using antibodies has shown to be effective for BC treatment.

Iridoids and other constituents from the aerial parts of Patrinia rupestris and their inhibitory effects on nitric oxide production.

Forty-three compounds, including nine undescribed compounds, five iridoids (patrirupesins A-E, 1-5) and four bis-iridoids (patrirupesins F-I, 6-9), were isolated from the EtOAc-soluble fraction of the aerial parts of Patrinia rupestris (Pall.) Dufr., and their structures were elucidated based on Mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy.

Reinforced Embodied Active Defense: Exploiting Adaptive Interaction for Robust Visual Perception in Adversarial 3D Environments.

Adversarial attacks in 3D environments have emerged as a critical threat to the reliability of visual perception systems, particularly in safety-sensitive applications such as identity verification and autonomous driving. These attacks employ adversarial patches and 3D objects to manipulate deep neural network (DNN) predictions by exploiting vulnerabilities within complex scenes. Existing defense mechanisms, such as adversarial training and purification, primarily employ passive strategies to enhance robustness.

A Laser Synthesis Strategy to Boost Oxygen Evolution Kinetics on Stainless Steel-Based Catalyst via Dual-Metal Segmentally Coordinated Reaction Centers for Efficient Alkaline Water Splitting.

The fabrication of efficient, stable, and noble-metal-free electrocatalysts for the hydrogen energy field has been of great interest, but still faces numerous challenges, especially in the development of fast and convenient strategies. This study reports a state-of-the-art strategy for the ultrafast preparation of spinel-type oxide self-supporting catalysts on stainless steel by ultrafast two-step laser synthesis. The self-supporting catalytic electrode not only possesses remarkable superhydrophilic/superaerophobic properties but also the constructed (Ni, Fe, Co)(Fe, Cr)O·(OH)@SS304 microcone array catalyst also demonstrates a superior oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performance with a low overpotential of 130 mV at 10 mA cm, a Tafel slope of 34.

Discovery of Cryptolepine and Its Derivatives as Novel Antiviral Agents.

Based on the widespread utilization of aliphatic amines in pesticide research and development, a series of cryptolepine derivatives containing aliphatic amine moieties were designed and synthesized, and their antiviral activities were evaluated for the first time. The bioassay results indicated that most of these derivatives exhibited activity against the tobacco mosaic virus. Derivative demonstrated inactivation, curative, and protection activities of 57.

In-situ synthesis of g-CN with nitrogen vacancy and cyano group via one-pot method for enhanced photocatalytic activity.

In-situ synthesis of g-CN containing nitrogen vacancies and cyano group via one-pot method using urea as the precursor. The structural, morphological or electrochemical properties of synthesized photocatalysts were characterized by XRD, BET analysis, TEM, FTIR, UV-DRS, PL, XPS and EPR. It was found that the nitrogen vacancy was successfully introduced into g-CN.

Genomic insights into the population history of fat-tailed sheep and identification of two mutations that contribute to fat tail adipogenesis.

Introduction: Since their domestication, domestic sheep (Ovis aries) have been culturally and economically significant farming animals worldwide. Fat-tailed sheep serve as a unique genetic resource for understanding adipogenesis and adaptive evolution in livestock.

Objectives: Several genomic analyses have been conducted on various sheep breeds to elucidate the genome and regulation mechanism of the fat tail trait, prior genomic studies have failed to reconcile conflicting evidence about the genetic basis of tail morphology, particularly regarding the roles of PDGFD and BMP2.

Incidence of chronic postsurgical pain after caesarean delivery: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Chronic postsurgical pain is recognised increasingly as a complication of caesarean delivery, with implications for a large cohort of patients. As interest in this area has grown, there has been more primary research into both the incidence and severity of pain. We aimed to synthesise all available evidence to evaluate the rate, features and severity of chronic postsurgical pain following caesarean delivery and whether it has changed over time.

Generative adversarial synthetic neighbors-based unsupervised anomaly detection.

Anomaly detection is crucial for the stable operation of mechanical systems, securing financial transactions, and ensuring network security, among other critical areas. Presently, Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs)-based anomaly detection methods either require labeled data for semi-supervised learning or face challenges with low computational efficiency and poor generalization when dealing with complex distributions. Aim to address these limitations, we introduce a generative adversarial synthetic neighbors-based unsupervised anomaly detection (GASN) method.

Effect of Epidural Volume Extension Using Low-Dose Sufentanil Combined with Low-Concentration Ropivacaine on Visceral Pain During Cesarean Sections: A Randomized Trial.

Background: Visceral pain is common in cesarean sections conducted under combined spinal-epidural anesthesia (CSE). Epidural volume extension (EVE) is a technique for enhancing the effect of intrathecal blocks by inducing epidural fluid boluses in the CSE. Whether EVE that uses different drugs can reduce visceral pain during cesarean sections is rarely studied.

Prenylated Dihydroflavonol from Regulate the Polarization and Phagocytosis of Macrophages In Vitro.

As an important member of innate immunity, macrophages show remarkable plasticity and heterogeneity, and play an important role in immune regulation, tissue development, homeostasis of the internal environment and injury repair. However, the excessive activation of macrophages is closely related to the occurrence and development of many diseases. The prenylated flavonoid structure is one of the characteristic structures isolated from , with anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, anti-allergy and other effects.

Sesquiterpenoids from the roots and rhizomes of Valeriana officinalis var. latifolia.

The genus Valeriana is used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat nervous disorders, sleep disorders, epilepsy and skin diseases. A large number of sesquiterpenoids from this genus have been found to exhibit anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, anti-influenza virus and neuroprotective activities. In order to discover more sesquiterpenoids with structural diversity and bioactivity from Valeriana plants, fifteen sesquiterpenoids, including ten undescribed ones, valernaenes A-J (1, 5-7, 9-11 and 13-15), were isolated from the roots and rhizomes of Valeriana officinalis var.

CRISPR-based dissection of microRNA-23a ~ 27a ~ 24-2 cluster functionality in hepatocellular carcinoma.

The miR-23a ~ 27a ~ 24-2 cluster, commonly upregulated in diverse cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), raises questions about the specific functions of its three mature miRNAs and their integrated function. Utilizing CRISPR knockout (KO), CRISPR interference (CRISPRi), and CRISPR activation (CRISPRa) technologies, we established controlled endogenous miR-23a ~ 27 ~ a24-2 cell models to unravel their roles and signaling pathways in HCC. Both miR-23a KO and miR-27a KO displayed reduced cell growth in vitro and in vivo, revealing an integrated oncogenic function.

Androgen deprivation therapy exacerbates Alzheimer's-associated cognitive decline via increased brain immune cell infiltration.

Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for prostate cancer is associated with an increased risk of dementia, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). The mechanistic connection between ADT and AD-related cognitive impairment in patients with prostate cancer remains elusive. We established a clinically relevant prostate cancer-bearing AD mouse model to explore this.