Strawberry crown rot management: comprehensive analysis of Colletotrichum diversity, fungicide sensitivity and field efficacy assessment.

Background: Strawberry crown rot, caused by Colletotrichum species, poses a significant challenge in strawberry production. Current management strategies are often ineffective owing to the complex diversity of the causal pathogens. Hence, it is important to accurately identify Colletotrichum species and select effective fungicides accordingly.

Extreme wave and storm surge characteristics in the southeastern coastal and offshore regions of China.

A numerical model is established based on the FVCOM-SWAVE wave-current coupling model to investigate the typhoon-induced wave and storm surge level in the southeastern coastal and offshore regions of China. A hindcast of 192 typhoons from 1979 to 2023 is conducted, providing insights into the distribution of significant wave height and storm surge level. The disaster zone maps are derived from the annual extreme significant wave height and storm surge level.

The Combined Effects of Pesticide Behavior and Target Specificity Determine the Diversity of Pesticide Toxicity to Bees.

Bees are essential pollinators for nearly three-quarters of global grain crops, affecting agricultural productivity and economic development worldwide. The survival of bees is threatened by multiple factors, such as pesticides, climatic conditions, and pathogens, of which pesticides are the main factor of concern. In recent years, significant advancements have been made in understanding the toxic effects of structurally diverse pesticides on bees.

The Discovery of Cryptic Pockets Increases the Druggability of "Undruggable" Proteins.

The absence of suitable biological targets is one of the most formidable obstacles to drug development. The investigation of "undruggable" proteins has the potential to significantly increase the druggable proteome. Cryptic pockets represent specific potential pockets that provide a rare opportunity to target "undruggable" proteins.

Unraveling the secrets of novel PROTACs to improve degradation efficacy.

Proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC) represents a crucial approach for overcoming various limitations associated with traditional inhibitors, particularly in targeting "undruggable" proteins and overcoming the resistance of targets. The degradation efficiency of PROTAC is fundamental to its pharmacological activity. Improving PROTAC's degradation efficiency mainly focuses on small molecule design, exploring new mechanisms, and optimizing delivery strategies.

Global ocean surface pCO retrieval and the influence of mesoscale eddies on its performance.

CO exchange at air-sea interface is crucial for global carbon cycle. Uncertainties in CO flux quantification are constrained by ocean surface partial pressure of CO (pCO) variations. While regional pCO retrieval algorithms exist, the impact of mesoscale eddies on accuracy remains understudies.

PANoptosis: Cross-Talk Among Apoptosis, Necroptosis, and Pyroptosis in Neurological Disorders.

Cell death mechanisms play a critical role in organismal development and homeostasis, primarily categorized into energy-dependent programmed cell death (PCD) and energy-independent necrotic cell death. PCD, regulated through various forms such as apoptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, and autophagic cell death, is essential for maintaining tissue stability and eliminating abnormal cells. Dysregulation of PCD is associated with numerous diseases, including cancer and neurodegenerative disorders.

Sophisticated crosstalk of tryptophan-derived metabolites in plant stress responses.

Plants are frequently threatened by diverse stresses that severly impact their health and constrain crop productivity worldwide. Metabolic regulation serves as an important strategy for enhancing plant stress tolerance. Tryptophan, as a precursor of various plant natural products, including auxin, melatonin, and glucosinolates, plays a crucial role in maintaining plant health.

18-membered macrocycle appended on resin for selective rare earth element extraction and separation.

The rare earth elements are critically important for a wide range of modern technologies. However, obtaining them selectively and efficiently from natural sources and recycled materials is challenging and often requires harsh or wasteful conditions. Here we show that a macrocyclic chelator appended to a solid resin can overcome this challenge by acting as a robust platform for both the extraction and separation of these elements.

PTMA controls cardiomyocyte proliferation and cardiac repair by enhancing STAT3 acetylation.

The adult mammalian heart has limited regenerative capacity due to the low proliferative ability of cardiomyocytes, whereas embryonic cardiomyocytes exhibit robust proliferative potential. Using single-cell RNA sequencing of embryonic hearts, we identified prothymosin α (PTMA) as a key factor driving cardiomyocyte proliferation. Overexpression of PTMA in primary mouse and rat cardiomyocytes significantly promoted cardiomyocyte proliferation and similarly enhanced proliferation in human iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes.

Highly Thermal Conductive and Electromagnetic Shielding Polymer Nanocomposites from Waste Masks.

Over 950 billion (about 3.8 million tons) masks have been consumed in the last four years around the world to protect human beings from COVID-19 and air pollution. However, very few of these used masks are being recycled, with the majority of them being landfilled or incinerated.

Haplotype-resolved genome assembly provides insights into the genetic basis of green peach aphid resistance in peach.

Green peach aphid (GPA) is one of the most destructive pests of peach, threatening both growth and fruit quality. However, the mechanism underlying GPA resistance remains unclear. Here, we performed haplotype-resolved genome assembly of a GPA-resistant cultivar and identified an allele-specific expressed gene, PpNLR1, responsible for the GPA-resistant trait.

High-Throughput Fluorescence Screening Enables Globally Consistent Identification of ABA Signaling Modulators.

Frequent exposure to environmental stresses can potentially reduce plant yield by up to 60%. The regulation of abscisic acid (ABA) signaling, especially its core receptors, is crucial for the adaptation of plants to environmental stress. However, efficient identification of ABA-signaling modulators remains a challenge.

Ability of SPP1 to Alleviate Post-Intracerebral Hemorrhage Ferroptosis via Nrf2/HO1 Pathway.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the role of secretory phosphoprotein 1 (SPP1/OPN) in modulating iron-induced cell death (ferroptosis) following intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). By integrating transcriptomic analysis and experimental validation, we sought to identify key molecular pathways and therapeutic targets associated with ferroptosis in ICH.

Method: The Gene Expression Omnibus Series GSE24265 dataset was analyzed using the limma package (R platform) to identify differentially expressed genes.

Solvent-Driven Enrichment and Multiplex Analysis of Local Anesthetics by Thin-Layer Chromatography Coupled with Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy.

Local anesthetics have been widely used in clinical analgesia due to their ability to provide effective regional pain management. Accurate measurement of local anesthetics in body fluids is crucial for ensuring patient medication safety and optimizing therapeutic efficacy. Herein, we present a convenient, economical, sensitive, and efficient TLC-SERS method for multiplex determination of six kinds of anesthetics (pro) in human plasma, including procaine hydrochloride (Pro), tetracaine hydrochloride (Tet), dibucaine (Dib), mepivacaine hydrochloride (Mep), lidocaine hydrochloride (Lid), and ropivacaine hydrochloride (Rop).

deletion as an MRD-dependent risk factor in childhood B-ALL: A post hoc analysis from a prospective cohort.

The effect of alterations on childhood B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) remains unclear. To investigate the prognostic value of deletion ( ) and mutation ( ), this post hoc study used fluorescence in situ hybridization test to detect in 907 newly diagnosed B-ALL patients from a prospective cohort of Chinese Children's Cancer Group ALL-2015 trial. Targeted gene sequencing was used to identify in 342 out of the 907 patients.

Plant exudates-driven microbiome recruitment and assembly facilitates plant health management.

Plant-microbiome symbiotic interactions play a crucial role in regulating plant health and productivity. To establish symbiotic relationships, the plant secretes a variety of substances to facilitate microbial community recruitment and assembly. In recent years, important progress has been made in studying how plant exudates attract beneficial microorganisms and regulate plant health.

Exploring parental preferences for childhood obesity prevention program in China: a discrete choice experiment.

Background: Childhood obesity has emerged as one of the most critical public health challenges in China. Despite its urgency, the existing research on parental preference for tackling childhood obesity remains insufficient. This study aimed to determine the factors that parents prioritise most when commissioning hypothetical programs that target childhood obesity prevention in China.

Optimized Photochromic Performance of Spiropyran through Incorporation into Hydrogen-Bonded Organic Frameworks and Applications in Anticounterfeiting and Information Encryption.

Photostimulus-responsive fluorescent materials are promising for anticounterfeiting and UV printing due to rapid response and simple preparation. In this paper, we propose a novel strategy to prepare photostimulus-responsive materials SP@HOF-olefin by integrating the photochromic molecule spiropyran (SP) with postsynthetic modified hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (HOF-olefin). Compared to SP@HOF, the composites SP@HOF-olefin exhibit enhanced photochromic properties, such as a fast response speed, pronounced color contrast, and exceptional fatigue resistance.

Key considerations based on pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic in the design of antibody-drug conjugates.

Background: Antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) is an anticancer drug that links toxins to specifically targeted antibodies via linkers, offering the advantages of high target specificity and high cytotoxicity. However, complexity of its structural composition poses a greater difficulty for drug design studies.

Objectives: Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) based consideration of ADCs has increasingly become a hot research topic for optimal drug design in recent years, providing possible ideas for obtaining ADCs with desirable properties.

S100 calcium-binding protein A8 exacerbates deep vein thrombosis in vascular endothelial cells.

Previous studies highlighting the pivotal function of the S100A8 protein have shown that inflammation and vascular endothelial harm play a major role in deep vein thrombosis (DVT) development, as evidenced by earlier studies highlighting the pivotal function of the S100 calcium-binding protein A8 (S100A8). Therefore, we aimed to establish a connection between S100A8 and DVT and investigate the role of S100A8 in DVT development. Blood specimens were taken from 23 patients with DVT and 31 controls.

Implementation and evaluation of whole-course-based Internet Hospital Outpatient Pharmacy Services: a cross-sectional study in western China.

Background: In recent years, the development of telemedicine and eHealth services has led to the rapid worldwide growth of Internet hospitals, which played a significant role during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. However, little is known about the characteristics and safety of Internet hospital outpatient pharmacy services (IHOPSs), which represent a new model of pharmaceutical services.

Objective: This study aimed to reveal the comprehensive characteristics and safety of whole-course-based IHOPSs in a general tertiary hospital in western China.

Influence of Number and Strength of Hydrogen Bonds on Fracture Property and Microscopic Mechanisms of Associative Hydrogen-Bonded Polymers via Molecular Dynamics Simulation.

A coarse-grained model combining the acceptor-hydrogen-donor 3-body potential is first developed in this work to explore the fracture property and microscopic mechanisms of associative hydrogen-bonded polymers (AHBPs). Next, a triaxial deformation mode is performed to reveal that the fracture toughness of AHBPs initially improves and then is reduced as the number of active groups increases. By characterizing the stress decomposition, the strong hydrogen bond (HB) network improves the maximum stress but reduces the elongation.