An easily acquirable predictive model for strangulated bowel obstruction: the BAR-N.

Background: Small bowel obstruction (SBO) is a prevalent gastrointestinal disorder that consists primarily of two types: simple bowel obstruction (SiBO) and strangulated bowel obstruction (StBO). Due to life-threatening complications such as septic shock and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, there is an urgent need for an easy-to-acquire predictive model for StBO based on clinical symptoms and laboratory.

Methods: A total of 453 patients diagnosed with SBO were randomly divided into training and validation datasets at a ratio of 7:3.

Identification of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine skeleton as new bactericidal candidates: structural innovation and virulence-targeted behavior.

Background: Given the escalating challenges posed by antimicrobial resistance in phytobacterial infections, which are exacerbated by the suboptimal efficacy of existing bactericides, limited curative options, and mounting environmental concerns, there is a pressing need to develop innovative bactericidal agents with novel molecular architectures and distinctive modes of action.

Results: To identify novel molecular scaffolds for bactericide development, we systematically devised a wide series of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine derivatives incorporating benzylpiperazinyl moieties, followed by evaluating their antibacterial activities. Bioassay results manifested that compound C exhibited remarkable antibacterial efficacy against Xanthomonas oryzae pv.

Electrically Tunable Exciton and Telecom-Band Light-Emitting Diodes in Few-Layer Phosphorene.

Two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors with direct band gaps offer opportunities for constructing ultrathin and compactly integrated light-emitting diodes (LEDs). Current LEDs based on 2D semiconductors mostly work in the visible light spectrum rather than the near-infrared telecommunication band, hindering their incorporation into established applications such as optical computing and communication. In this study, we report on the LED from the bilayer and trilayer phosphorene in the near-infrared regime leveraging the direct bandgap nature of black phosphorus (BP).

Metabolic, transcriptomic, and proteomic adaptations in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma-patient derived xenograft models across serial passages.

Background: Patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models are crucial for tumor biology and therapeutic response evaluations. The metabolic, transcriptomic, and proteomic changes in PDX models derived from pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) during serial passaging remain poorly understood.

Methods: We established 33 PDX models from 43 PDAC patients and collected 40 benign pancreatic tissues as controls for metabolomic analysis using H NMR spectroscopy.

GLI2-HRD1 axis facilitates 5-FU resistance in gastric cancer cells by regulating ubiquitination degradation of UCK2.

5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is a primary chemotherapeutic agent for treating gastric cancer (GC), yet resistance to 5-FU frequently limits its effectiveness and contributes to poor patient outcomes. This study investigated the molecular mechanisms by which uridine-cytidine kinase 2 (UCK2) influences 5-FU resistance in GC. Using a genome-wide CRISPR knockout (GeCKO v2) library, we identified UCK2 as a critical gene for 5-FU sensitivity in GC cells.

De novo synthesis of tryptanthrin and its derivatives from indole: engineering a sustainable photocatalytic strategy.

Tryptanthrin is a natural alkaloidal molecule [IUPAC name 6,12-dihydro-6,12-dioxoindolo-(2,1-b)-quinazoline], possessing an indoloquinazoline moiety. Since first being discovered in 1979, it and its analogs generated great interest in the fields of medicinal chemistry, life science, and materials science. Protocols for synthesizing tryptanthrins with the features of facile, eco-friendly, and mild reaction conditions remain an underdeveloped area.

Novel 2,5-dihydro-3H-[1,2,4]triazino[5,6-b]indole derivatives decorated with disulfide moiety are effective for treating bacterial infections by inducing reactive oxygen species.

Background: Infectious diseases caused by pathogenic bacteria are the main causes of death in humans, and responsible for reduced yield quality and quantity of plants globally. This underscores the need for developing bactericide alternatives with novel modes-of-action.

Results: Herein, we devised a series of novel 2,5-dihydro-3H-[1,2,4]triazino[5,6-b]indole derivatives decorating with the disulfide moiety (W-W).

Mosses as Biomonitors of Atmospheric Trace Metal and Nitrogen Deposition: Spatial Distribution and Temporal Trend in Yancheng, China.

This study assessed air quality in Yancheng, China, using moss biomonitoring. The moss species, was chosen, and mosses were collected from 67 sites across Yancheng during July and August 2022. The concentrations of Al, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn, V, and nitrogen in mosses were determined, and the spatial distribution and temporal trends of atmospheric trace metals and nitrogen deposition in Yancheng were explored by comparing the current data with that of a similar study conducted in 2017.

Boosting Initial Coulombic Efficiency in Li-Rich Mn-based Cathodes by Tuning Orbital Hybridization.

Li-rich manganese-based oxides (LRMO) are promising cathode materials for next-generation lithium-ion batteries due to their high-capacity and low-cost merits. However, the low initial coulombic efficiency (ICE) and irreversible oxygen release of LRMO severely hinder their commercialization processes. Here, we employ glyoxal treatment to modulate the hybridization between transition metal (TM) 3d and oxygen (O) 2p orbitals in LRMO.

Amplifying X-ray-Induced Charge Transfer Facilitates Direct Sensitization of Photosensitizers in Radiotherapy.

X-ray-induced photodynamic therapy offers substantial promise for treating deep-seated tumors, but it is still limited by highly inefficient energy transfer processes and the stringent requirements for scintillators with high luminescence quantum yield and significant singlet-triplet intersystem crossing ratios. Herein, we describe X-ray-induced electron-dynamic therapy (X-eDT), which obviates the need for intersystem crossing by exposing nonluminescent hafnium-silica nanoparticles to X-rays, to generate high-energy electrons that can sensitize lower-lying triplet states of various photosensitizers. Our approach strongly induced the production of singlet oxygen (6.

Quasi-One-Dimensional TaPdSe with Strong Topological Surface States for High-Performance and Polarization-Sensitive Terahertz Detection.

Topological surface states (TSS) in certain low-dimensional materials impart gapless band structure, massless quasiparticles, and nonlinear optical behavior, enabling distinct advantages for applications in low-energy photon detection. Herein, we develop a quasi-one-dimensional (quasi-1D) transition metal chalcogenide material, TaPdSe, with robust TSS, which exhibits a gapless band structure protected by spin-momentum locking and time-reversal symmetry, alongside exceptional transport properties, including a high carrier mobility exceeding 10 cm·V·s. The quasi-1D chain-like structure induces pronounced anisotropy and significantly reduces carrier scattering, further enhancing transport efficiency.

DSF-inspired discovery of novel zingerone-based quorum-sensing inhibitors: an attractive tactic of fighting Xanthomonas bacterial infections.

Background: Plant bacterial diseases have precipitated a global crisis in human health and food security. In agriculture, diseases such as the rice white-leaf blight can cause considerable reduction in crop yields and, in extreme cases, complete crop failure. Therefore, there is an urgent need for novel green pesticides with innovative modes-of-action (MoAs).

New scoring system for the evaluation obstructive degrees based on computed tomography for obstructive colorectal cancer.

Background: The degree of obstruction plays an important role in decision-making for obstructive colorectal cancer (OCRC). The existing assessment still relies on the colorectal obstruction scoring system (CROSS) which is based on a comprehensive analysis of patients' complaints and eating conditions. The data collection relies on subjective descriptions and lacks objective parameters.

Characterization of alternative sPD-1 isoforms reveals that ECD sPD-1 signature predicts an efficient antitumor response.

Soluble PD-1 is a dissociated form of membrane PD-1 broadly present in cancer, infections, or autoimmune diseases. However, the clinical significance of sPD-1 remains controversial due to the uncertainty of its isoforms, origin, and production mechanism. Here, using antibodies specifically binding to the intracellular domain of PD-1, we identified two sPD-1 isoforms in cancers at the protein level: FL sPD-1 containing both the extra- and intracellular domains of PD-1, and ECD sPD-1 containing only the extracellular fragment.

A novel scoring system for better management of small bowel obstruction.

Purpose: Due to the lack of a comprehensive evaluation of the prognosis of small bowel obstruction (SBO), recent clinical strategies have remained subjective and controversial. The recognition of pretreatment risk factors and tailored treatment could improve SBO outcomes.

Methods: A series of posttreatment laboratory tests were integrated into a two-step clustering (TSC) analysis.

TUBB2B regulates epithelial-mesenchymal transition via interaction with Vimentin to promote glioma migration and invasion.

Background: Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a crucial role in the migration and invasion capabilities of glioblastoma (GBM) cells. Several studies have established tubulin as a significant regulator of the EMT process. Tubulin beta 2B class IIb (TUBB2B), a critical component of microtubules, has been linked to the prognosis of various tumors.

[Optical genome mapping technology and its applications in genetic disease diagnosis].

Optical genome mapping (OGM) is an emerging technology for the detection of genetic diseases based on physical mapping, which can detect numerical chromosomal abnormalities, copy number variation (CNV) and structural variation (SV) on a genome-wide scale. In recent years, a number of studies have proved that OGM, as a new generation of cytogenomic technique, has higher resolution and stronger ability to discover genomic variants compared with conventional genetic techniques. This article has systematically reviewed the principles, characteristics, advantages and limitations of OGM technology, and its applications in the diagnosis of genetic disorders.

Strong low-energy rattling modes enabled liquid-like ultralow thermal conductivity in a well-ordered solid.

Crystalline solids exhibiting inherently low lattice thermal conductivity ( ) are of great importance in applications such as thermoelectrics and thermal barrier coatings. However, cannot be arbitrarily low and is limited by the minimum thermal conductivity related to phonon dispersions. In this work, we report the liquid-like thermal transport in a well-ordered crystalline CsAgTe, which exhibits an extremely low value of ∼0.

Global Impact and Balancing Act: Deciphering the Effect of Fluorination on B 1s Binding Energies in Fluorinated -BN Nanosheets.

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) is an important characterization tool in the pursuit of controllable fluorination of two-dimensional hexagonal boron nitride (-BN). However, there is a lack of clear spectral interpretation, and seemingly conflicting measurements exist. To discern the structure-spectroscopy relation, we performed a comprehensive first-principles study on the boron 1s edge XPS of fluorinated -BN (F-BN) nanosheets.

Pirfenidone antagonizes TGF-β1-mediated gabapentin resistance via reversal of desmoplasia and the 'cold' microenvironment in pancreatic cancer.

Owing to the desmoplastic stroma constituted by cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), few immune cells infiltrate the pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Gabapentin can impede the production of ketoacids by CAFs to support cancer cells. However, in our study, we discovered a dose-dependent increase in transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) levels in cancer cells in response to gabapentin.

Core Hole Effect to Valence Excitations: Tracking and Visualizing the Same Excitation in XPS Shake-Up Satellites and UV Absorption Spectra.

Introducing a core hole significantly alters the electronic structure of a molecule, and various X-ray spectroscopy techniques are available for probing the valence electronic structure in the presence of a core hole. In this study, we visually demonstrate the influence of a core hole on valence excitations by computing the ultraviolet absorption spectra and the shake-up satellites in X-ray photoelectron spectra for pyrrole, furan, and thiophene, as complemented by the natural transition orbital (NTO) analysis over transitions with and without a core hole. Employing equivalent core hole time-dependent density functional theory (ECH-TDDFT) and TDDFT methods, we achieved balanced accuracy in both spectra for reliable comparative analysis.

Expanding the Structural Diversity of Tubulin-Targeting Agents: Development of Highly Potent Benzimidazoles for Treating Fungal Diseases.

Benzimidazoles, the representative pharmacophore of fungicides, have excellent antifungal potency, but their simple structure and single site of action have hindered their wider application in agriculture. In order to extend the structural diversity of tubulin-targeted benzimidazoles, novel benzimidazole derivatives were prepared by introducing the attractive pyrimidine pharmacophore. 2-((6-(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)pyrimidin-4-yl)thio)-1-benzo[]imidazole () exhibited optimal antifungal activity against (), affording an excellent half-maximal effective concentration (EC) of 0.

Structural identification of single boron-doped graphdiynes by computational XPS and NEXAFS spectroscopy.

Boron-doped graphdiyne (B-GDY) material exhibits an excellent performance in electrocatalysis, ion transport, and energy storage. However, accurately identifying the structures of B-GDY in experiments remains a challenge, hindering further selection of suitable structures with the most ideal performance for various practical applications. In the present work, we employed density functional theory (DFT) to simulate the X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS) and near-edge X-ray absorption fine-structure (NEXAFS) spectra of pristine graphdiyne (GDY) and six representative single boron-doped graphdiynes at the B and C K-edges to establish the structure-spectroscopy relationship.