Unraveling cellular dynamic changes in tumor evolution induced by long-term low dose-rate radiation.

Background: In recent years, there has been a steady increase in professionals engaged in radioactive work. The biological impacts of long-term exposure to low dose-rate radiation remain elusive, as there is a dearth of systematic research in this field.

Methods: BEAS-2B cells were used to establish a cell model with continuous passaging after radiation exposure, which was subsequently subjected to in vivo tumorigenesis assays and in vitro malignant phenotype experiments.

Molecular mechanisms of astragaloside-IV in hepatocellular carcinoma therapy: a systematic review.

Background: Astragaloside IV (AS-IV), a key monomeric compound extracted from the traditional Chinese medicine Astragalus membranaceus, has demonstrated significant therapeutic potential in cancer treatment. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), as a malignant tumor posing severe threats to global health, is characterized by high incidence and mortality rates, imposing substantial burdens on patients, families, and society. Numerous studies have demonstrated that AS-IV exhibits significant inhibitory effects on HCC.

Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) in skeletal muscle: A new frontier in muscle biology.

Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) is a crucial biophysical process that enables dynamic compartmentalization within cells, gaining prominence in recent research on cellular organization. However, its implications for skeletal muscle-a vital tissue for movement and metabolic regulation-remain largely uncharted. This review highlights recent insights into LLPS's roles in other tissues while examining its potential functions in skeletal muscle development, regeneration, and disease.

Hydrogel-driven innovations for targeted delivery, immune modulation, and tissue repair in thyroid cancer therapy.

Background: Thyroid cancer is the fastest-growing endocrine malignancy globally, with an increasing incidence in younger patients. Conventional therapies, including surgery, radioactive-iodine (RAI) ablation, endocrine suppression, and multi-kinase inhibition, have improved outcomes but are limited by peri-operative morbidity, systemic toxicity, long treatment durations, and the development of drug resistance.

Objective: This review synthesizes current advancements in hydrogel-based therapy, focusing on its potential as a multifunctional platform to overcome the challenges in thyroid cancer management.

Targeting the Werner syndrome protein in microsatellite instability cancers: mechanisms and therapeutic potential.

Microsatellite instability (MSI) is a key feature of cancers with defective DNA mismatch repair, including colorectal, gastric, endometrial, and ovarian cancers. Tumors with MSI depend on the Werner syndrome protein (WRN) for genomic stability, making WRN an attractive therapeutic target. WRN inhibitors exploit the concept of synthetic lethality, inducing selective DNA damage and cell death in MSI tumors while sparing microsatellite stability (MSS) tumor cells or normal cells.

Pyroptosis Drives the Impairment of Colonic Barrier Integrity During Toxoplasma Gondii Chronic Infection.

Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) impairs gut barrier integrity in hosts, which helps the establishment of long-term infection and is closely associated with disease progression. However, the precise mechanisms remain largely unclear.

Prevalence and predictive importance for short-term clinical outcomes of GLIM-defined malnutrition among adult inpatients: A nationwide cross-sectional study.

Background & Aims: Malnutrition is a significant health issue in hospital settings, with persistent diagnostic challenges. Despite the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria providing a standardised approach, nationwide validation and implementation remain limited. We aimed to estimate the national prevalence of GLIM-defined malnutrition among Chinese adult inpatients and assess the predictive value of the GLIM criteria for short-term clinical outcomes.

Machine learning survival models for Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease based on a health checkup cohort.

Objectives: This study aimed to develop an accurate prediction model for the risk of Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) using the random survival forests (RSF), and to investigate the distribution of NAFLD risk with time.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included subjects who had annual health checkups from 1 January 2021 to 31 December 2024. The hold-out strategy, that all the subjects were divided into a training set and a test set, was employed to develop and evaluate our models.

Circularly Polarized Ultralong Room-Temperature Phosphorescence Photonic Crystal Film with High Dissymmetry Factor and Multi-Color Afterglow.

Manufacturing the circularly polarized room-temperature phosphorescence (CP-RTP) materials with both a high dissymmetry factor (g) and ultralong lifetime is significant, but it is greatly challenging owing to the difficulty of satisfying the stable triplet exciton and matched chirality simultaneously. In this work, the RTP material is synthesized by doping the chromophores into the poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) matrix. The rigidity surrounding and the compact hydrogen bond interactions contribute to the long-lived phosphorescent emission.

Revisiting thermoelectric transport properties through a band nonparabolicity factor.

Thermoelectric materials are advanced functional semiconductors for the forthcoming era of energy conversion. The development in this field critically depends on the understanding of their band structures. However, many analyses rely on the parabolic band model that oversimplifies the realistic electron behavior.

Intralesional and perilesional radiomics strategy based on different machine learning for the prediction of international society of urological pathology grade group in prostate cancer.

Objective: To develop and evaluate a intralesional and perilesional radiomics strategy based on different machine learning model to differentiate International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) grade > 2 group and ISUP ≤ 2 prostate cancers (PCa).

Methods: 340 case of PCa patients confirmed by radical prostatectomy pathology were obtained from two hospitals. The patients were divided into training, internal validation, and external validation groups.

Development and validation of a novel clinical-radiological-pathological scoring system for preoperative prediction of extraprostatic extension in prostate cancer: a multicenter retrospective study.

Objective: To develop and validate a multimodal scoring system integrating clinical, radiological, and pathological variables to preoperatively predict extraprostatic extension (EPE) in prostate cancer (PCa).

Methods: This retrospective study included 667 PCa patients divided into a derivation cohort and two validation cohorts. Evaluated parameters comprised prostate-specific antigen density (PSAD), curvilinear contact length (CCL), lesion longest diameter (LD), National Cancer Institute EPE grade (NCI_EPE), International Society of Urological Pathology grade (ISUP), and other relevant variables.

Colossal Thermal Expansion and Continuous Rolling Locomotion of a Robust Flexible Molecular Single Crystal.

Amplifying microscopic or molecular perturbations to induce macroscopic mechanical effects in well-ordered molecular crystals is the foundation of the newly recognized potential of organic crystalline smart materials for soft organic electronics, optics, actuators, switches, and robots. Diverse molecular crystal actuators that transform external energy into mechanical motions have been prepared in the past decade, yet their spatiotemporal operational capability, adaptability, reversibility, and durability have not been fully explored. In this study, we present adaptive molecular single crystals that can respond to force, heat, and light, demonstrating mechanical flexibility, reversible expansion, and complex movements, including rolling and climbing locomotion.

Rattling-Induced Ultralow Thermal Conductivity in Black Phosphorus Through Organic-Molecule Intercalation.

Layered materials have attracted significant interest in the thermoelectric community due to their unique anisotropic crystal structures and exceptional planar electrical conductivity. However, their high intralayer lattice thermal conductivity presents an obstacle for thermoelectric applications. This work proposes a rattling-scatter strategy to reduce intralayer lattice thermal conductivity through the intercalation of organic molecules, as demonstrated with ethylenediamine (EDA) intercalated into black phosphorus (BP).

The role of foliar endophytes in modulating southern corn rust severity: implications for biocontrol strategies.

Southern corn rust (SCR), caused by , is a major foliar disease that threatens global maize production. Current SCR management strategies prioritize genetic resistance and chemical control, but how foliar endophytic fungal communities modulate host susceptibility to remains poorly understood. In this study, we profiled the endophytic communities in -infected and non-infected maize leaves across 14 geographically distinct regions in eastern China.

Berbamine inhibits cell proliferation and invasion by increasing FTO expression in renal cell carcinoma cells.

Background: Berbamine (BBM) has been reported to play an important role in the anti-inflammatory and anti-neoplastic activities. However, whether BBM mediates the anti-tumor efficacy in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cells and the potential molecular mechanisms remain unclear.

Methods: The effects of BBM on the proliferation, colony formation, cell cycle, cell migration and invasion abilities were performed in RCC cells 786-O and OSRC2, and the effect of BBM on tumor formation was further explored.

Machine learning models for predicting in-hospital mortality from acute pancreatitis in intensive care unit.

Background: Acute pancreatitis (AP) represents a critical medical condition where timely and precise prediction of in-hospital mortality is crucial for guiding optimal clinical management. This study focuses on the development of advanced machine learning (ML) models to accurately predict in-hospital mortality among AP patients admitted to intensive care unit (ICU).

Method: Our study utilized data from three distinct sources: the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care III (MIMIC-III), MIMIC-IV databases, and Beijing Chaoyang Hospital.

Comparative Transcriptomic Analysis Unveils Divergent Effects of FLASH Versus Conventional Irradiation on Skin Cells.

Objectives: FLASH radiotherapy is garnering attention for its capacity to diminish skin toxicity without compromising tumoricidal efficacy, presenting a stark contrast to conventional (CONV) radiotherapy. Despite its promise, the underlying molecular mechanisms of FLASH irradiation (FLASH-IR) on skin are not yet fully elucidated.

Methods: This study investigated the transcriptomic responses of human foreskin fibroblast cells (HFF-1) via the FLASH-IR or CONV irradiation (CONV-IR), employing the next-generation RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) to capture the gene expression profiles.

Fully automated image quality assessment based on deep learning for carotid computed tomography angiography: A multicenter study.

Purpose: To develop and evaluate the performance of fully automated model based on deep learning and multiple logistics regression algorithm for image quality assessment (IQA) of carotid computed tomography angiography (CTA) images.

Methods: This study retrospectively collected 840 carotid CTA images from four tertiary hospitals. Three radiologists independently assessed the image quality using a 3-point Likert scale, based on the degree of noise, vessel enhancement, arterial vessel contrast, vessel edge sharpness, and overall diagnostic acceptability.

Development of a 5-Year Risk Prediction Model for Transition From Prediabetes to Diabetes Using Machine Learning: Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: Diabetes has emerged as a critical global public health crisis. Prediabetes, as the transitional phase with 5%-10% annual progression to diabetes, offers a critical window for intervention. The lack of a 5-year risk prediction model for diabetes progression among Chinese individuals with prediabetes limits clinical decision-making support.

Quaternary Layered Boride TiMoSiB: A Structure-Function Integrated High-Temperature Self-Lubricating and Negative-Wear Material.

As a newly emerging class of materials, quaternary layered borides are promising structural-functional integration materials. However, there have been very few systematic and in-depth studies in many areas of these materials, including high-temperature lubrication. In this study, a novel out-of-plane chemically ordered TiMoSiB MAB phase material is synthesized and its mechanical and tribological properties are investigated over a wide temperature range.

Reversible single-molecule white light based on controllable fluorescence resonance energy transfer.

Two novel Diels-Alder exo-adduct donor-acceptor dyes were synthesized with different spacer lengths. These dyes display intramolecular fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) from a deep-blue-emitting naphthalimide donor to a yellow-emitting dansyl acceptor. Temperature-responsive bond cleavage and spacer length modulation achieve controllable intramolecular FRET, enabling reversible single-molecule white-light emission.

Machine learning algorithms reveal gut microbiota signatures associated with chronic hepatitis B-related hepatic fibrosis.

Background: Hepatic fibrosis (HF) represents a pivotal stage in the progression and potential reversal of cirrhosis, underscoring the importance of early identification and therapeutic intervention to modulate disease trajectory.

Aim: To explore the complex relationship between chronic hepatitis B (CHB)-related HF and gut microbiota to identify microbiota signatures significantly associated with HF progression in CHB patients using advanced machine learning algorithms.

Methods: This study included patients diagnosed with CHB and classified them into HF and non-HF groups based on liver stiffness measurements.

LncRNA-MEG3 Regulates Muscle Mass and Metabolic Homeostasis by Facilitating SUZ12 Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation.

Skeletal muscle plays a crucial role in maintaining motor function and metabolic homeostasis, with its loss or atrophy leading to significant health consequences. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as key regulators in muscle biology; however, their precise roles in muscle function and pathology remain to be fully elucidated. This study demonstrates that lncRNA maternally expressed gene 3 (MEG3) is preferentially expressed in slow-twitch muscle fibers and dynamically regulated during muscle development, aging, and in the context of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD).

Galangin exosomes induce cell apoptosis through miR-10b/P53 axis in gastric cancer.

Galangin is an extract of traditional Chinese medicine with anti-cancer effect. Exosomes (Exo) contain RNA, peptides, or proteins and communicate between cells through a bio-genesis pathway. In the present study, Gastric cancer (GC) cell exosomes containing galangin were obtained.