Reactions of Surface-Confined Terminal Alkynes Mediated by Diverse Regulation Strategies.

Terminal alkynes, characterized by -hybridized carbon atoms at the molecular termini, possess high electron density and exceptional chemical reactivity. These properties make them ideal candidates for the synthesis of one-dimensional molecular wires and two-dimensional networks. Advances in nanoscale characterization techniques, such as scanning tunneling microscopy and atomic force microscopy, have enabled the real-space visualization of molecular assembly and chemical reactions of terminal alkynes and in situ atomic-level manipulations under surface-confined conditions.

Integrated single-cell and bulk transcriptome analysis reveal lactate metabolism-related signature and T cell alteration in atrial fibrillation.

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is linked to modifications in T cell-mediated immunity. Although lactate metabolism influences T cell differentiation and function, its specific role in AF and associated immune processes remains inadequately understood.

Methods: We performed an integrated transcriptomic analysis utilizing both bulk and single-nucleus RNA sequencing data derived from hearts exhibiting AF and those in sinus rhythm.

Real-world effectiveness of varicella vaccination in Guangzhou, China, 2017-2022: a matched case-control analysis.

Background: China has yet to implement a nationwide two-dose vaccination strategy. This study assesses the real-world effectiveness of varicella vaccination in Guangzhou, where the policy recommends voluntary, self-funded administration of two doses of the live attenuated vaccine, to provide insights for optimizing vaccination strategies.

Research Design And Methods: Using outbreak data from 2017 to 2022 across preschools, primary, and secondary schools, we employed a three-level matched case-control design (school, grade, and class) and applied conditional logistic regression to estimate the effectiveness of single-dose (VE1) and two-dose (VE2) vaccinations, incremental VE, and the effectiveness of emergency vaccination.

Identification of the potential role of PANoptosis-related genes in burns via bioinformatic analyses and experimental validation.

Background: The treatment of burns is highly challenging due to their complex pathophysiological mechanisms. PANoptosis, as an important form of cell death, is suggested to play a crucial role in the inflammatory response and tissue damage following burns. However, the role of PANoptosis-related biomarkers in the pathophysiological processes of burns remains unclear.

Branched-Chain Amino Acid Supplementation Enhances Substrate Metabolism, Exercise Efficiency and Reduces Post-Exercise Fatigue in Active Young Males.

Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs, isoleucine, leucine, and valine) are commonly applied to promote muscle protein synthesis. However, the effects of BCAAs on exercise-induced substrate metabolism, performance and post-exercise fatigue during endurance exercise remain unclear. In a double-blind cross-over design, eleven active males completed 1 h of constant load exercise (CLE) at 60% VOmax power followed by a time to exhaustion (TTE) test at 80% VOmax power after supplementation with BCAAs or placebo on consecutive three days.

Capturing eukaryotic ribosome dynamics in situ at high resolution.

Many protein complexes are highly dynamic in cells; thus, characterizing their conformational changes in cells is crucial for unraveling their functions. Here, using cryo-electron microscopy, 451,700 ribosome particles from Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell lamellae were obtained to solve the 60S region to 2.9-Å resolution by in situ single-particle analysis.

TUBB2B regulates epithelial-mesenchymal transition via interaction with Vimentin to promote glioma migration and invasion.

Background: Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a crucial role in the migration and invasion capabilities of glioblastoma (GBM) cells. Several studies have established tubulin as a significant regulator of the EMT process. Tubulin beta 2B class IIb (TUBB2B), a critical component of microtubules, has been linked to the prognosis of various tumors.

Support electron inductive effect of Pd-Mn/Ni foam catalyst for robust electrocatalytic hydrodechlorination.

Structural regulation of Pd-based electrocatalytic hydrodechlorination (EHDC) catalyst for constructing high-efficient cathode materials with low noble metal content and high atom utilization is crucial but still challenging. Herein, a support electron inductive effect of Pd-Mn/Ni foam catalyst was proposed via in-situ Mn doping to optimize the electronic structure of the Ni foam (NF), which can inductive regulation of Pd for improving the EHDC performance. The mass activity and current efficiency of Pd-Mn/NF catalyst are 2.

Kobresia humilis via root-released flavonoids recruit Bacillus for promoted growth.

Alpine meadows, which are critical for biodiversity and ecosystem services, are increasingly degrading, necessitating effective restoration strategies. This study explored the mechanism by which Kobresia humilis, an alpine meadow-constructive species, modulates the rhizosphere microbiome via root exudates to enhance growth. Field investigations revealed that the plant height of K.

Correction of preferred orientation-induced distortion in cryo-electron microscopy maps.

Reconstruction maps of cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) exhibit distortion when the cryo-EM dataset is incomplete, usually caused by unevenly distributed orientations. Prior efforts had been attempted to address this preferred orientation problem using tilt-collection strategy and modifications to grids or to air-water interfaces. However, these approaches often require time-consuming experiments, and the effect was always protein dependent.

The Effect of Two Siderophore-Producing Strains on the Growth Promotion of Perennial Ryegrass under Cadmium Stress.

Cadmium (Cd) is a highly toxic and cumulative environmental pollutant. Siderophores are heavy metal chelators with high affinity to heavy metals, such as Cd. Ryegrass ( L.

Drought stress tolerance and metabolomics of induced by DGL1.

Introduction: This study used DGL1 isolated from the arid sandy land of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau as the research strain and investigated the effects of DGL1 on the biomass, physiology, and metabolites of under different intensities of drought stress to provide a high-quality bacterial source and a theoretical basis for the research and development of biological fertilizer suitable for arid areas.

Methods: The exopolysaccharides (EPS), 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase (ACC), and phosphorus solubilizing capacity of DGL1 were determined. The effects of a DGL1 suspension on alfalfa biomass, physiological indexes, degree of peroxidation of cell membranes, and activity of antioxidant enzymes were determined after irrigating roots under drought stress.

Diversity of Parasitoid Wasps and Comparison of Sampling Strategies in Rice Fields Using Metabarcoding.

A comprehensive and precise evaluation of Arthropoda diversity in agricultural landscapes can enhance biological pest control strategies. We used Malaise traps and sweep nets to collect insects from three double-cropping paddy fields. DNA was extracted from the ethanol preservative of the Malaise traps and from tissue samples of selected parasitoid wasps.

Transcriptomic analysis of the response of to DGL1.

Introduction: DGL1, isolated from the arid sandy areas in Dagler, Qinghai Province, China, promotes the growth of variety "Qing Yan 1".

Methods: To elucidate the transcriptomic changes in the oat root system following interaction with DGL1 and to reveal the molecular mechanism by which DGL1 promotes oat growth, treatment and control groups of oat roots at 2, 4, 8, and 12 h after inoculation with a suspension of strain DGL1 were analyzed using Illumina high-throughput transcriptome sequencing technology. The differentially expressed genes were determined through Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses, and the metabolic pathways and key genes were analyzed.

Revisiting the complex time-varying effect of non-pharmaceutical interventions on COVID-19 transmission in the United States.

Introduction: Although the global COVID-19 emergency ended, the real-world effects of multiple non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) and the relative contribution of individual NPIs over time were poorly understood, limiting the mitigation of future potential epidemics.

Methods: Based on four large-scale datasets including epidemic parameters, virus variants, vaccines, and meteorological factors across 51 states in the United States from August 2020 to July 2022, we established a Bayesian hierarchical model with a spike-and-slab prior to assessing the time-varying effect of NPIs and vaccination on mitigating COVID-19 transmission and identifying important NPIs in the context of different variants pandemic.

Results: We found that (i) the empirical reduction in reproduction number attributable to integrated NPIs was 52.

Assessing the effectiveness of the expanded hepatitis A vaccination program in China: an interrupted time series design.

Introduction: China initialised the expanded hepatitis A vaccination programme (EHAP) in 2008. However, the effectiveness of the programme remains unclear. We aimed to comprehensively evaluate the effectiveness of EHAP in the country.

Vacancy Defects Inductive Effect of Asymmetrically Coordinated Single-Atom Fe─N S Active Sites for Robust Electrocatalytic Oxygen Reduction with High Turnover Frequency and Mass Activity.

The development of facile, efficient synthesis method to construct low-cost and high-performance single-atom catalysts (SACs) for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is extremely important, yet still challenging. Herein, an atomically dispersed N, S co-doped carbon with abundant vacancy defects (NSC-vd) anchored Fe single atoms (SAs) is reported and a vacancy defects inductive effect is proposed for promoting electrocatalytic ORR. The optimized catalyst featured of stable Fe─N S active sites exhibits excellent ORR activity with high turnover frequency and mass activity.

The reduction of FIB damage on cryo-lamella by lowering energy of ion beam revealed by a quantitative analysis.

Focused ion beam (FIB) is widely used for thinning frozen cells to produce lamellae for cryo-electron microscopy imaging and for protein structures study in vivo. However, FIB damages the lamellae and a quantitative experimental analysis of the damage is lacking. We used a 30-keV gallium FIB to prepare lamellae of a highly concentrated icosahedral virus sample.

Atomically Dispersed Pt-Doped Co O Spinel Nanoparticles Embedded in Polyhedron Frames for Robust Propane Oxidation at Low Temperature.

This study adopts a facile and effective in situ encapsulation-oxidation strategy for constructing a coupling catalyst composed of atomically dispersed Pt-doped Co O spinel nanoparticles (NPs) embedded in polyhedron frames (PFs) for robust propane total oxidation. Benefiting from the abundant oxygen vacancies and more highly valent active Co species caused by the doping of Pt atoms as well as the confinement effect, the optimized 0.2Pt-Co O NPs/PFs catalyst exhibits excellent propane catalytic activity with low T (184 °C), superior apparent reaction rate (21.

Infectious thrombosis of the superior sagittal sinus with subarachnoid hemorrhage: A case report.

Rationale: Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) represents 0.5% to 1% of all strokes. CVST can cause headaches, epilepsy, and subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH).

Glycoside combinations of Buyang Huanwu decoction ameliorate atherosclerosis via STAT3, HIF-1, and VEGF.

Buyang Huanwu decoction (BYHWD) is a classical traditional prescription. Glycosides are effective extracts of BYHWD, which have been proven to protect blood vessels and prevent atherosclerosis (AS). However, the mechanism of glycosides in inhibiting abnormal angiogenesis in atherosclerosis is still unclear.

Facile synthesis of ternary dual Z-scheme g-CN/BiMoO/CeO photocatalyst with enhanced 4-chlorophenol removal: Degradation pathways and mechanism.

The design of visible-light-driven photocatalysts has been rapidly developed due to the great application potential in environmental pollution remediation. The present work focused on the construction of a novel ternary g-CN/BiMoO/CeO nanocomposite and the application for photocatalytic removal of 4-CP under irradiation. The g-CN/BiMoO/CeO photocatalysts were successfully synthesized by a facile solid-state thermolysis assisted ultrasonic dispersion to introduce g-CN nanosheets into BiMoO/CeO composite.