DDTC-Cu(I) Nano-MOF Induces Ferroptosis by Targeting SLC7A11/GPX4 Signal in Colorectal Cancer.

Drug repurposing has received increasing attention in the field of oncology drug development as an alternative strategy to de novo drug synthesis. Disulfiram (DSF) has a long history of clinical application in alcohol withdrawal, and recent studies have revealed that its metabolite diethyldithiocarbamate (DDTC) can be coordinated with copper ions in vivo to form Cu-DDTC complexes with anticancer activity. However, the insufficient in vivo stability of DSF remains a challenge.

Synergistic Provoking of Pyroptosis and STING Pathway by Multifunctional Manganese-Polydopamine Nano-Immunomodulator for Enhanced Renal Cell Carcinoma Immunotherapy.

Manganese ions are known to enhance anti-tumor immunity by activating the cGAS-STING signaling pathway. However, precise modulation of the tumor microenvironment using manganese ions remains a challenge. Dopamine, with its controlled release properties within the tumor microenvironment, offers significant potential for precision drug delivery systems.

Synthesis of Chiral 4-Alkyl-3,4-dihydrocoumarins via Rh-Catalyzed Asymmetric Arylation and Acid-Promoted Transesterification.

Catalytic asymmetric synthesis of 4-alkyl-3,4-dihydrocoumarins via the construction of the dihydrocoumarin core is reported. Rhodium-catalyzed asymmetric arylation of α,β-unsaturated esters with -hydroxyl arylboronic acids followed by intramolecular transesterification leads to the production of a series of 4-alkyl-3,4-dihydrocoumarins in high yields with excellent enantioselectivities (most >99% ee). The utility of the method is demonstrated by efficient synthesis of drug candidate R106578.

Luteolin Functionalized Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles for Cancer Therapy Based on Autophagy Activation and EMT Inhibition.

Natural bioactive compounds have become increasingly important antitumor and antimicrobial agents due to their high therapeutic potential and low systemic toxicity. However, they also have significant drawbacks like nontumor targeting and low bioavailability, which limit their wide therapeutic applications. There is an urgent need for a safe and compatible nanoparticle-mediated drug delivery system for the efficient transport of drug candidates into tumor tissues.

The urgent need to reduce phosphorus discharges for sustainable mangrove wetland management.

Phosphorus affects microbial metabolic activity, nitrogen and carbon cycling in mangrove sediment, but its influence on carbon stability and greenhouse gases emission remains unclear. This study compared greenhouse gases (CO, NO, and CH) emissions from mangrove sediment receiving wastewater containing various phosphorus concentrations, and evaluated its long term effect on sediment carbon flux when phosphorus pollution is eliminated. Significant increases in greenhouse gases flux and decrease of total organic carbon and readily oxidizable organic carbon in the sediment were observed after phosphorus discharge.

Carbon fluxes of China's coastal wetlands and impacts of reclamation and restoration.

Coastal wetlands play an important role in regulating atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO) concentrations and contribute significantly to climate change mitigation. However, climate change, reclamation, and restoration have been causing substantial changes in coastal wetland areas and carbon exchange in China during recent decades. Here we compiled a carbon flux database consisting of 15 coastal wetland sites to assess the magnitude, patterns, and drivers of carbon fluxes and to compare fluxes among contrasting natural, disturbed, and restored wetlands.

Hydrogen and Oxygen Isotope Fractionation Effects in Different Organ Tissues of Grapes under Drought Conditions.

A study of different grapevine tissues and organs (root, stem, leaf, fruit) water isotope fractionation models from high-quality wine grapes produced in the Helan Mountains, a key wine-producing area in northwestern China, was undertaken. Results showed that δH values of local groundwater sources were more negative than rivers and precipitation. Soil water δH and δO values were significantly higher than those of other environmental water sources.

Coastal blue carbon in China as a nature-based solution toward carbon neutrality.

To achieve the Paris Agreement, China pledged to become "Carbon Neutral" by the 2060s. In addition to massive decarbonization, this would require significant changes in ecosystems toward negative CO emissions. The ability of coastal blue carbon ecosystems (BCEs), including mangrove, salt marsh, and seagrass meadows, to sequester large amounts of CO makes their conservation and restoration an important "nature-based solution (NbS)" for climate adaptation and mitigation.

Efficacy of Recombinant Human Endostatin plus Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Osteosarcoma and Its Influence on Serum VEGF and MMP-9 Levels.

Objective: To investigate the efficacy of recombinant human endostatin (rh-Endo) plus neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) for osteosarcoma (OSA) and its influence on serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9).

Methods: The case data of 141 OSA patients presented to the North District, Xiangyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Hubei University of Arts and Sciences from January 2018 to June 2019, were analyzed retrospectively. Patients receiving NACT (methotrexate + ifosfamide + adriamycin) were assigned into the control group (CNG;  = 65), while those treated with rh-Endo plus NACT were included in the combination group (CMG;  = 76).

Mangrove reforestation provides greater blue carbon benefit than afforestation for mitigating global climate change.

Significant efforts have been invested to restore mangrove forests worldwide through reforestation and afforestation. However, blue carbon benefit has not been compared between these two silvicultural pathways at the global scale. Here, we integrated results from direct field measurements of over 370 restoration sites around the world to show that mangrove reforestation (reestablishing mangroves where they previously colonized) had a greater carbon storage potential per hectare than afforestation (establishing mangroves where not previously mangrove).

Clinical Effect of Open Reduction and Internal Fixation for Femoral Neck Fracture in Young Adults and Related Factors of Femoral Head Necrosis.

Objective: The purpose of this article is to analyze the clinical effect of open reduction and internal fixation on femoral neck fracture in young adults and to explore the related factors of femoral head necrosis.

Methods: The subjects were young and middle-aged femoral neck fracture patients admitted to our hospital from July 2019 to July 2021. 90 patients were randomly divided into two groups according to different treatment methods.

Nitrogen addition and warming rapidly alter microbial community compositions in the mangrove sediment.

The mangrove ecosystem is an important CO sink with an extraordinarily high primary productivity. However, it is vulnerable to the impact of climate warming and eutrophication. While there has been extensive research on plant growth and greenhouse gas emission in mangrove ecosystems, microbial communities, the primary biogeochemical cycling drivers, are much less understood.

Study on stable carbon isotope fractionation of rape honey from rape flowers (Brassica napus L.) to its unifloral ripe honey.

A new idea and strategy for honey traceability and identification was provided by studying the carbon isotope fractionation of rape honey and its components in the different ripening process, as well as the fractionation from rape flowers, stamens, nectar to rape honey. The results showed the moisture content of rape honey continued to decrease, and the glucose and fructose content continued to increase during the ripening process. The δC of rape honey and its protein were less affected by honey ripeness, while the δC of sugars in rape honey were greatly affected by this.

Effects of land use on the heavy metal pollution in mangrove sediments: Study on a whole island scale in Hainan, China.

In recent decades, mangrove ecosystems at coastal zone are experiencing rapid land-use conversion, however effects of land use on the heavy metal pollution in mangrove sediments still are not clear. This study investigated the concentration and distribution of heavy metals (including chromium (Cr), zinc (Zn), lead (Pb), copper (Cu), arsenic (As) and cadmium (Cd)) in different mangrove sediments with different land-use patterns along seashore of the whole Hainan island (with the third largest mangrove area of China). The effects of land use on the accumulation of heavy metals in these mangrove sediments are also analyzed.

A comparative authentication study of fresh fruit and vegetable juices using whole juice and sugar-specific stable isotopes.

Not-from-concentrate (NFC) juice has better nutrition, flavor and higher price than reconstituted juice. Accordingly, NFC juice is prone to adulteration and is an ongoing industry problem that has not yet been resolved. Undeclared addition of water and sugar are the main forms of NFC juice adulteration.

Quantifying Leaf Trait Covariations and Their Relationships with Plant Adaptation Strategies along an Aridity Gradient.

A trait-based approach is an effective way to quantify plant adaptation strategies in response to changing environments. Single trait variations have been well depicted before; however, multi-trait covariations and their roles in shaping plant adaptation strategies along aridity gradients remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to reveal multi-trait covariation characteristics, their controls and their relevance to plant adaptation strategies.

Variance in tree growth rates provides a key link for completing the theory of forest size structure formation.

In natural forests at a demographic equilibrium state, the size frequency distribution (SFD) of trees is linked with their size-dependent growth and mortality rates. While the mean growth rate (MGR) of each size class is generally used for determining the SFD, the variance in the growth rate (VGR) has always been ignored. Here, based on the analyses with Kolmogorov forward equation, we show that in general, the VGR can flatten the slope of the SFD and, in particular, can address the contradiction between the size-dependent MGR and the -2 power-law SFD in the metabolic scaling theory.

Relationships between above- and below-ground carbon stocks in mangrove forests facilitate better estimation of total mangrove blue carbon.

Background: Although great efforts have been made to quantify mangrove carbon stocks, accurate estimations of below-ground carbon stocks remain unreliable. In this study, we examined the distribution patterns of mangrove carbon stocks in China and other countries using our own field survey data and datasets from published literature. Based on these data, we investigated the possible relationships between above-ground carbon stock (AGC) and below-ground carbon stock (BGC) for mangrove forests, aiming to provide a scientific basis for estimation of total mangrove carbon stocks.

Intra-leaf heterogeneities of hydrogen isotope compositions in leaf water and leaf wax of monocots and dicots.

Several recent studies showed that leaf wax n-alkane δH values (δH) within a leaf were heterogeneous in a small number of species. It still remains unclear whether the heterogeneity of intra-leaf δH values is general for various species, how δH values vary spatially and temporally, and whether there is a common explanation for the intra-leaf δH heterogeneity in higher plants. Here we compared the hydrogen isotope compositions of leaf wax and corresponding leaf water (δH) across leaf sections among a variety of monocot and dicot plant species.

Origin verification of French red wines using isotope and elemental analyses coupled with chemometrics.

Origin verification of 240 French wines from four regions of France was undertaken using isotope and elemental analyses. Our aim was to identify and differentiate the geographical origin of these red wines, and more importantly, to build a classification tool that can be used to verify geographic origin of French red wines using machine learning models. Multivariate analyses of the isotopic and elemental data revealed that it is possible to determine the geographical origin of French wines with a high level of confidence for most regions analyzed in this study.

Coupled modelling and sampling approaches to assess the impacts of human water management on land-sea carbon transfer.

Land-sea riverine carbon transfer (LSRCT) is one of the key processes in the global carbon cycle. Although natural factors (e.g.

Controllable Synthesis of Porous Cu-BTC@polymer Composite Beads for Iodine Capture.

The efficient and safe capture of radioactive iodine (I or I) is of great significance in nuclear waste disposal. Here, we report millimeter-scale poly(ether sulfone) composite beads loaded with porous Cu-BTC [Cu(BTC), BTC = 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylate] (Cu-BTC@PES), prepared by a phase inversion method for the removal of volatile iodine. Three kinds of Cu-BTC@PES composite beads were obtained with different Cu-BTC contents of 48.

Verification of imported red wine origin into China using multi isotope and elemental analyses.

Multi-isotope and multi-elemental analyses were performed on 600 red wine samples imported into China from 7 different countries and compared with Chinese wine. Carbon and oxygen isotopes and 16 elements were used to determine origin traceability. Our goal was to build a classification tool using data modeling that can verify the geographic origin of wines imported into China.