Bionic Multilevel Composite Structures Design in Ag-CuO Contacts for Synergistically Enhancing Erosion and Impact Resistance.

The synergistic enhancement effect among multilevel composite structures is essential for improving the overall performance of contacts. Notably, natural bamboo demonstrates exceptional mechanical properties through the coupling effect of its structure. By reforming the microstructure of bamboo, an Ag-CuO contact, consisting of the Ag-rich regions, the CuO chain-like skeleton regions, and the CuO barrier layers, was inversely designed and controllably fabricated.

Combination of Cbl-b inhibitor NX-1607 and CDK4/6 inhibitor abemaciclib enhances anti-tumor immunity through PLCγ1/ERK-mediated T cell activation.

The Cbl-b inhibitor NX-1607 has shown significant antitumor activity and extended survival in murine models; however, its efficacy remains limited in certain patients. In order to expand the clinical application of Cbl-b inhibitors and to provide new therapeutic options for cancer patients with unmet therapeutic needs, we utilized flow cytometry to screen compounds for potentiation in combination with Cbl-b inhibitors and to investigate the mechanism of action of the combination. In this study, we identify that the combination of NX-1607 with the CDK4/6 inhibitor abemaciclib directly augments T cell activation.

Selective Deletion of NBCe1 in Reactive Astrocytes Attenuates Ischemic Stroke Brain Damage.

The electrogenic sodium bicarbonate transporter 1 (NBCe1/Slc4a4), predominantly expressed in astrocytes, is important for brain pH regulation and homeostasis. Increased NBCe1 expression in reactive astrocytes has been associated with neuronal degeneration in ischemic stroke. However, the effects of astrocytic NBCe1 inhibition in stroke remain contradictory, and the underlying mechanisms are unclear.

High-performance moist-electric generator based on dynamic network design of functionalized nanocellulose hydrogel.

Hydrogels are characterized by their exceptional hydrophilic properties, rendering them optimal active materials for moist-electric generator (MEG). Nonetheless, insufficient protonation and ionic diffusion compromise the electrical properties of hydrogels, thereby limiting their practical applications. In this study, an ionic conductive hydrogel based on the combination of functionalized nanocellulose (FCNF) and polyacrylamide (PAM) was developed by UV-initiated polymerization and solvent substitution.

OS-RRG: Observation State-Aware Radiology Report Generation With Balanced Diagnosis and Attention Intervention.

Radiology report generation (RRG) aims to automatically generate detailed textual descriptions and diagnoses for clinical radiography, alleviating radiologists' workloads, aiding inexperienced radiologists, and minimizing errors. RRG is challenging due to the need to generate coherent and clinically accurate multisentence reports that describe various medical conditions. Although previous diagnosis-guided methods achieve impressive diagnostic accuracy by explicitly converting the identified observation states (OSs) (e.

Preparation of an anti-vitamin A monoclonal antibody resistant to matrix interference and its application in quantitative immunochromatographic analysis.

Vitamin A (VA) deficiency can lead to abnormal immune system function and jeopardize health. Therefore, a simple and specific method for determining VA is needed. We analyzed the structure of hapten for the preparation of an anti-VA monoclonal antibody (mAb), assisted by computer simulation.

DDaTR: Dynamic Difference-aware Temporal Residual Network for Longitudinal Radiology Report Generation.

Radiology Report Generation (RRG) automates the creation of radiology reports from medical imaging, enhancing the efficiency of the reporting process. Longitudinal Radiology Report Generation (LRRG) extends RRG by incorporating the ability to compare current and prior exams, facilitating the tracking of temporal changes in clinical findings. Existing LRRG approaches only extract features from prior and current images using a visual pre-trained encoder, which are then concatenated to generate the final report.

Abiotic environments prevail over plant functional traits in shaping phyllosphere fungal communities of temperate grasslands in China.

Phyllosphere fungi play critical roles in plant health and ecosystem functioning. While previous studies have explored the diversity and composition of phyllosphere fungal communities in various ecosystems, they have typically focused on either epiphytic or endophytic fungi at single sites and rarely addressed both groups simultaneously across broad environmental gradients. As a result, the relative importance of abiotic environments, plant traits, and dispersal processes in shaping phyllosphere fungal communities remains unclear, particularly with respect to differences between epiphytic and endophytic fungi.

Dual Carbon Modification and Pore Structure Regulation of CuS/FeS Bimetallic Sulfides via Multifunctional Additives toward High-Rate and Durable Sodium Storage.

FeS has garnered extensive attention as a potential anode material for sodium-ion batteries because of its cost-effectiveness, abundance, and high theoretical capacity. Nonetheless, the utilization of FeS faces challenges arising from its sluggish reaction kinetics and insufficient structural stability, causing significant volume changes and rapid capacity degradation during cycling. To tackle these challenges, we propose a strategy involving dual carbon modification and regulation of pore structure to create heterogeneous CuS/FeS particles embedded in N-doped porous carbon matrix (CuS/FeS/NPC-MP).

ELABELA Ameliorates Atherosclerosis Through Restoring the M1/M2 Macrophage Balance in Mice.

Background: Atherosclerosis is a progressive arterial disease characterized by chronic inflammation and plaque formation in blood vessel walls. ELABELA, an endogenous ligand for the G protein-coupled receptor APJ (apelin peptide jejunum, apelin receptor), has multiple pharmacological activities for protecting the cardiovascular system. This study aimed to determine the potential antiatherosclerotic effect of ELABELA and reveal the underlying mechanisms.

Comparison of perioperative analgesia between posterior stabilized and posterior cruciate retaining prostheses following total knee arthroplasty.

Background: Posterior-stabilized (PS) and posterior cruciate retaining (CR) prostheses constitute the most widely used knee prostheses. This study aimed to determine the effects of PS and CR prostheses on postoperative analgesia following total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and provide a reliable clinical basis for optimizing postoperative analgesic effects.

Methods: Overall, 120 consecutive patients were enrolled in this study and classified into PS (n = 60) and CR (n = 60) groups according to the type of prosthesis used.

Soil properties and plant functional traits have different importance in shaping rhizosphere soil bacterial and fungal communities in a meadow steppe.

Unlabelled: Soil properties and plant functional traits are important factors influencing rhizosphere microbial diversity and composition. However, their divergent roles in shaping rhizosphere bacterial and fungal communities remain poorly understood. Additionally, the influence of plant resource acquisition strategies on these microbial communities is not well documented.

Long-Term In Vivo Administration of Panaxynol Alleviates Diabetes-Induced Vascular Calcification by Modulating Sirt6-Mediated sEH Function in Perivascular Adipose Tissue.

Panaxynol (PA), a bioactive compound found in carrots and other Apiaceae plants, holds promise for managing diabetes-related vascular complications. This study investigated the long-term effects of PA on diabetes-induced vascular calcification (DVC) in db/db mice for up to 9 weeks. The impact of PA on DVC was evaluated both in vivo and in vitro using immunohistochemical staining, Western blotting, micro-computed tomography, and other analytical techniques.

[Cellular differential impact of the Rap1 on atherosclerosis].

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of mortality, posing a significant threat to human health due to the high incidence rate. Atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory disease, serves as the primary pathological basis for most such conditions. The incidence of atherosclerosis continues to rise, but its pathogenesis has not been fully elucidated.

Cbl-b inhibitor NX-1607 activates MAPK/ERK signaling pathway and enhances T-cell activation.

The E3 ubiquitin ligase casitas B lymphoma-b (Cbl-b) is pivotal in modulating immune responses by attenuating T-cell activation and cytokine production. Inhibiting Cbl-b presents a potential therapeutic strategy in immuno-oncology by enhancing immune activity. A rapid Homogeneous Time-Resolved Fluorescence (HTRF) assay was employed to evaluate the inhibitory efficacy of NX-1607 on Cbl-b.

Effects of short-term fencing on plant functional diversity in the meadow steppe of Saihanba, Hebei Pro-vince, China.

We explored the effect of three-year fencing on species diversity and functional diversity of plant communities of a meadow steppe in Saihanba, Hebei Province. The results showed that compared with grazing, fencing significantly altered soil chemical properties and plant community composition, with the dominant species changing from to . Fencing did not change plant species diversity.

Investigation of ion diffusion in polyethylene oxide-based solid electrolyte with functionalized La(OH) nanofibers for high-rate all-solid-state lithium-metal batteries.

Solid polymer electrolytes have emerged as promising materials for next-generation lithium metal batteries due to their enhanced safety and high energy density potential. However, their widespread adoption is hindered by slow ion transport and inefficient lithium-ion (Li) selectivity. To overcome these limitations, this study introduces a composite electrolyte by incorporating functionalized La(OH) nanofibers with oxygen vacancies into a Poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) matrix.

Clustering Patients with Pulmonary Hypertension Using the Plasma Proteome.

Patients with pulmonary hypertension are classified according to clinical criteria to inform treatment decisions. Knowledge of the molecular drivers of pulmonary hypertension might better inform treatment choice. To investigate plasma protein clusters in patients with a diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension.

Store-operated Ca entry is involved in endothelium-to-mesenchymal transition in lung vascular endothelial cells.

Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) is a biological process that converts endothelial cells to mesenchymal cells with increased proliferative and migrative abilities. EndMT has been implicated in the development of pulmonary vascular remodeling in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), a fatal and progressive lung vascular disease. Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), an inflammatory cytokine, is known to induce EndMT in many types of endothelial cells including lung vascular endothelial cells (LVECs).

SnS/NiS heterostructure confined in N-doped hollow carbon nanofibers as high-rate anode for sodium-ion batteries.

Tin disulfide (SnS) with its high capacity and suitable interlayer spacing, is a promising anode for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs), but its substantial volume expansion during sodium insertion and sluggish ion and electron transfer kinetics in bulk materials limit its broader application. Herein, SnS/NiS particles are encapsulated in hollow nitrogen-doped carbon nanofibers (SnS/NiS@HCNFs) by the combination of coaxial electrostatic spinning and carbonization/sulfurization processes. The hollow channel structure of the carbon skeleton creates a three-dimensional pathway that facilitates rapid electron transmission and provides buffer space for volume changes, enhancing structural stability.

Research Advances in Rare-Earth-Based Solid Electrolytes for All-Solid-State Batteries.

All-solid-state batteries (ASSBs) and solid-state electrolytes (SSE) have emerged as promising alternative energy storage devices for traditional lithium-ion batteries, drawing significant attention from researchers. Notably, SSE materials incorporating rare earth elements have demonstrated remarkable advancements in terms of ionic conductivity, electrochemical stability, and cycle-reversible performance. The unique electron layer structures of rare earth elements facilitate diverse energy level transitions.

UBE4B modulates BET inhibitor sensitivity via KLHL22-JAK2-PIM1 axis in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Ubiquitination factor E4B (UBE4B) is crucial to the high mortality rate and poor prognosis associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Evidence suggests that aberrant epigenetic modifications significantly contribute to HCC carcinogenesis, making epigenetic mechanisms a promising area for therapeutic intervention. However, the precise role of UBE4B in the epigenetic dysregulation observed in HCC remains elusive.

Effective role and mechanism of scrap iron filings in controlling hydrogen sulfide production in septic tanks.

Long-term anaerobic conditions in septic tanks exacerbate the release of hazardous gases, such as hydrogen sulfide (HS), which degrades urban air quality. While traditional iron salt addition effectively inhibits HS production, its large-scale application imposes economic burdens and challenges for low-carbon emission reduction. To address this issue, this study proposes the use of scrap iron filings (SIFs) as a source of Fe and Fe ions and evaluates their efficacy in sulfide control through a long-term laboratory-scale septic tank reactor.