Synergistic Effects of Electrolyte Additives in a Dual-Salt System for High-Performance Four Electron Aqueous Zinc-Iodine Batteries Across a Wide Temperature Range.

Four-electron aqueous zinc-iodine batteries (4eAZIBs) with the successful I/I/I redox couples have emerged as a promising alternative for large-scale energy storage due to their high energy density. However, the practical application of these batteries, particularly in harsh environments, is hindered by the poor reversibility of Zn plating/stripping processes and the instability of I species in conventional aqueous electrolytes. Here, we design a multi-component hybrid electrolyte composed of Zn(ClO), ZnCl, glycerol (Gly), and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) to enable highly reversible operation of 4eAZIBs across a wide temperature range.

Photocatalytic Aminative Suzuki-Miyaura C(sp)-N-C(sp) Cross-Coupling.

This study introduces a photoinduced Suzuki-Miyaura C(sp)-C(sp) coupling protocol in which the introduction of a nitrene reagent efficiently redirects the conventional C(sp)-C(sp) linkage toward a C(sp)-N-C(sp)-bridged architecture. A total of 432 reactions were conducted using a high-throughput screening strategy to identify the optimal parameters. This strategy exhibits mild conditions, convenient operation, and good functional group tolerance, meanwhile establishing a solid foundation for further developing novel catalytic systems of cross-coupling reactions.

Genome-wide analysis of the RING-H2 E3 ubiquitin ligase SlATL family in tomato.

The Arabidopsis Toxicos en Levadura (ATL) family is a widely distributed and evolutionarily conserved group of RING-type ubiquitin ligase in plants, with crucial roles in plant growth, development, and stress response. Although ATL gene families have been identified in numerous plants, a genome-wide identification and comprehensive analysis of their characteristics and functions are still needed in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), a key model for studying fruit development, ripening, and stress responses. By employing a bioinformatics approach, here, we identified 86 candidate members of the SlATL gene family, constructed their phylogenetic tree, and classified these into seven subfamilies based on gene structure similarity and conserved motifs.

Exosome-mediated miRNA delivery: a molecular switch for reshaping neuropathic pain therapy.

Neuropathic pain (NP) is a chronic condition caused by nerve injury or disease. It remains a therapeutic challenge because conventional drugs have limited efficacy and cause adverse effects. Exosomes, with the ability to cross the blood-brain barrier, low immunogenicity, and tissue-homing capacity, have emerged as promising nanovehicles for precise microRNA (miRNA) delivery to modulate key NP pathologies such as neuroinflammation, neuronal hyperexcitability, mechanical allodynia, and thermal hyperalgesia.

Atomic-Level Asymmetric Regulation of Co-NS Catalysts Accelerates Polysulfide Trapping and Conversion in Lithium-Sulfur Batteries.

Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries are severely limited by the shuttling behavior of soluble lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) and slow catalytic conversion kinetics. Herein, a single-atom catalyst featuring asymmetric S-Co-N coordination (Co-SNC) supported by hollow carbon nanoboxes is designed to act as an efficient host catalyst of the Li-S battery. Experimental and theoretical calculations reveal that the introduction of S into the Co single-atom catalyst induces asymmetric local charge distribution around Co centers and more unpaired electrons.

Universal Chemical Presodiation Under Air Condition for Highly Stable Na-deficient Oxide Cathodes.

Layered transition-metal oxides have attracted growing attention for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs); however, their application is hindered by low initial coulombic efficiency (ICE) due to Na-deficiency and solid-electrolyte interphase formation. Herein, a universal chemical presodiation pathway is reported with Na-bipyridine dissolved in diethyl ether (Na-Bpy/DEE) for stable Na-deficient P2-NaNiMnO (NNMO) electrode under air condition. The strongly electron-withdrawing N-functional groups of Bpy radicals endow its air insensitivity, and it reduces the NNMO cathode for compensation of Na from the weakly solvating DEE.

Lactate dehydrogenase A: a potential new target for tumor drug resistance intervention.

Tumor drug resistance is a crucial scientific and technological issue that urgently needs to be addressed in cancer treatment. In recent years, research on Lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) in the field of tumor drug resistance has progressively deepened, with breakthrough advancements achieved. Due to their metabolic characteristics, tumors often exhibit abnormal LDHA expression, which meets their growth requirements by promoting glycolysis and lactate production.

Bioinformatics analysis of the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) methylesterase gene family.

Background: Methylesterases (MESs) are a class of enzymes responsible for the demethylation of methylated compounds in plants, play a vital role in plant growth and development. However, studies on MES enzymes in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) are limited.

Results: This study systematically identified MES genes in tomatoes for the first time and studied their physicochemical properties, evolutionary relationships, and expression patterns.

Dual-specific phosphatases-8: a new target for clinical disease intervention.

Dual-specific phosphatase-8 (DUSP8), identified as the first gene in a genome-wide association study (GWAS), is implicated in cellular oxidative stress, proliferation, apoptosis, and drug resistance through its negative regulation of the dephosphorylation activities of JNK, ERK, and p38 within the MAPK pathway. Recent studies have shown that DUSP8 plays a pivotal role in the progression of several human diseases, notably colorectal cancer, diabetic kidney disease, and breast cancer. This suggests that DUSP8 may represent a novel target for clinical intervention in these diseases.

Visual prediction models for predicting rebleeding events after the first esophageal variceal ligation.

Background: Sequential endoscopic variceal ligation (EVL) is a standard therapy for esophageal variceal bleeding, yet poor compliance often compromises its efficacy. This study aimed to identify high-risk factors for rebleeding after initial EVL and establish a visual predictive model to improve patient follow-up and education.

Methods: In this retrospective study, we enrolled patients who underwent first-time EVL for esophageal variceal bleeding at Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, between January 2017 and January 2023.

Recent advances and perspectives of Li-O batteries.

Aprotic Li-O batteries have emerged as a promising next-generation energy storage technology due to their high theoretical specific energy. However, the sluggish cathode reaction kinetics, undesired parasitic reactions, and severe lithium dendrites result in large overvoltages and poor cycling stability for Li-O batteries. Considerable efforts have been dedicated to designing cathode materials, optimizing electrolytes and stabilizing lithium anodes.

Heavy Atom-Induced Spin-Orbit Coupling to Quench Singlet Oxygen in a Li-O Battery.

Li-O batteries have aroused considerable interest due to high theoretical energy density; however, the singlet oxygen (O) generated in both discharge and charge processes induces severe parasitic reactions and leads to their low round-trip efficiency and poor rechargeability. Herein, a universal heavy atom-induced quenching mechanism is proposed to suppress O and related side reactions. Br in tris(4-bromophenyl)amine (TBPA) induces strong heavy atom-induced spin-orbit coupling (SOC), enhancing the interaction between the spin angular momentum and the orbital angular momentum of the electron.

Enable Superior Performance of Solvent-Free Electrode With Ultra-High Loading Through Designed Conductive Binder.

Compared to the traditional slurry-coating process, the solvent-free manufacturing process holds significant potential due to its advantages, including economic viability, thick electrodes, and avoidance of organic solvents. However, the currently dominant solvent-free process suffers from poor mechanical properties and electrochemical instability. Herein, a conductive binder (M@EP), composed of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNT) and epoxy resin-based binders (EP), is designed and synthesized.

Efficient Biosynthesis of Phycocyanin Holo-β Subunits in and Their Stability and Antioxidant Properties.

Phycocyanin is a biliprotein that has been used as a natural food colorant due to its brilliant color. However, their application is limited by their poor stability. In this study, biosynthesis pathways of two phycocyanin holo-β subunits, CpcB from mesophilic and CpcB from thermophilic BP-1, were constructed in Coexpression of ferredoxin (Fd), Fd-NADP reductase (FNR), and NADP-specific glutamate dehydrogenase (gdhA) enabled full chromophorylation of these recombinant CpcBs in recombinant .

Advances in Protein Kinase Regulation of Stress Responses in Fruits and Vegetables.

Fruits and vegetables (F&Vs) are essential in daily life and industrial production. These perishable produces are vulnerable to various biotic and abiotic stresses during their growth, postharvest storage, and handling. As the fruit detaches from the plant, these stresses become more intense.

Impact of Adding -hexylamine to Nickel Metallophotoredox C-N Coupling to Form Diarylamines.

The mechanistic understanding of how alkylamines impact Ni-metallophotoredox C-N coupling to form diarylamines remains unclear. In this study, 12-alkylamines were evaluated as additives to determine their effects on the synthesis of diarylamines in a flow photochemical system. Notably, -hexylamine demonstrated the most significant promotional effect.

Exosomes and non-coding RNAs: bridging the gap in Alzheimer's pathogenesis and therapeutics.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease that primarily affects the elderly population and is the leading cause of dementia. Meanwhile, the vascular hypothesis suggests that vascular damage occurs in the early stages of the disease, leading to neurodegeneration and hindered waste clearance, which in turn triggers a series of events including the accumulation of amyloid plaques and Tau protein tangles. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), have been found to be involved in the regulation of AD.

Efficacy and safety of radiofrequency ablation for secondary hyperparathyroidism: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) is a common complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD) that affects approximately 90% of end-stage renal disease and poses a significant threat to long-term survival and quality of life in patients.

Objectives: To assess whether radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a productive and low-risk treatment for hyperparathyroidism secondary to CKD.

Methods: Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and PubMed were searched independently by two authors.

Construction methods and latest applications of kidney cancer organoids.

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is one of the deadliest malignant tumors. Despite significant advances in RCC treatment over the past decade, complete remission is rarely achieved. Consequently, there is an urgent need to explore and develop new therapies to improve the survival rates and quality of life for patients.

Dual Redox Reactions of Silver Hexacyanoferrate Prussian Blue Analogue Enable Superior Electrochemical Performance for Zinc-ion Storage.

Prussian blue analogues (PBAs) have been employed as host materials of aqueous zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs), however, they suffer from low capacity and poor cycling stability due to limited electron transfer and the presence of interstitial water in PBAs. Herein, a vacancy and water-free silver hexacyanoferrate KAgFe(CN) (AgHCF-3) was synthesized by adjusting the ratio of K and Ag in the framework. It offers nearly four electrons involving two sequential redox reactions, namely, Fe/Fe and Ag/Ag, to deliver a large capacity of 179.

Challenges and Modification Strategies on High-Voltage Layered Oxide Cathode for Sodium-Ion Batteries.

Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) have attracted great attention due to their advantages on resource abundance, cost and safety. Layered oxide cathodes (LOCs) of SIBs possess high theoretical capacity, facile synthesis and low cost, and are promising candidates for large scale energy storage application. Increasing operating voltage is an effective strategy to achieve higher specific capacity and also high energy density of SIBs.

Anionic Solvation Transition at Low Temperatures for Reversible Anodes in Lithium-Oxygen Batteries.

Li-O batteries provide a novel technology for electric energy storage due to their high energy density. However, the strong solvent coordination with Li at low temperatures impacts their performance and triggers irreversible interfacial reactions on the Li anode. Herein, cyclopentyl methyl ether (CME) is incorporated in a dimethoxyethane (DME)-based electrolyte to realize an anionic solvation transition at low temperatures in Li-O batteries.

TMEM17 Promotes Tumor Progression in Glioblastoma by Activating the PI3K/AKT Pathway.

Background: Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly aggressive and fast-growing brain tumor, characterized by rapid progression, a very poor prognosis, and a high likelihood of recurrence. Thus, effective new therapeutic targets are urgently needed. Transmembrane proteins (TMEMs) have pro-cancer effects on multiple cancer types, but the mechanisms underlying the effects of TMEM17, particularly its role in GBM, remain unclear.

Development of a TaqMan-based multiplex real-time PCR for simultaneous detection of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus, , and .

Introduction: PEDV, and , are highly contagious diarrheal pathogens that have caused significant harm to the global swine industry. Co-infections with multiple pathogens are common, making it challenging to identify the actual causative agents depending only on clinical information. It is crucial to develop a reliable method to simultaneously detect and differentiate these pathogens.