Functional differentiation of industrial hemp rhizosphere microbiome along environmental gradients.

The southwestern, central, and northeastern regions of China are the primary cultivation areas for industrial hemp. Microorganisms within the soil-root continuum play a crucial role in plant health. However, the mechanisms by which these microbial communities respond to environmental gradients remain unclear.

65 Hz-linewidth single-frequency fiber laser utilizing a ring compound resonator incorporating double add-drop fiber rings.

We design an optical filter composed of double add-drop fiber rings (D-ADFR). Except for the free spectrum range (FSR), the single longitudinal mode (SLM) selectivity of a D-ADFR is related to the sideband suppression ratio (SBSR), defined by the intensity of the side resonant peaks to that of the main resonant peaks. A spectrum analysis method of the D-ADFR is demonstrated, considering the SBSR, for a single-frequency narrow-linewidth fiber laser with a long cavity.

Dietary DL-methionine supplementation improves growth performance of Linwu ducks by regulating redox state and intestinal mucosal morphology.

This study was designed to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with different levels of DL-methionine (DL-Met) on growth performance, intestinal mucosal morphology and antioxidant capacity of Linwu ducks. The experiment was conducted to classify 330 healthy 49 days of age female Linwu ducks into 5 treatment groups with 6 replicates per treatment and fed diets with DL-Met levels of 2.5 g/kg, 3.

One-pot, uracil-DNA-glycosylase-aided, and multi-indicator nanobiosensor detection platform for identifying Brucella melitensis from the Brucella spp.

Background: Brucellosis, a zoonotic chronic contagious disease caused by spp., is primarily associated with species such as () and , among which is recognized as the most virulent in causing human brucellosis.

Methods: Herein, we report a newly “one-pot” detection protocol for the identification of from the genus using the multiplex multiple cross-displacement amplification (MCDA) combined with dUTP-assisted uracil-DNA-glycosylase (UDGase) and gold nanoparticles lateral flow assay (AuNPs-LFA) biosensor (termed mMCUDA).

Establishment of a CRISPR/Cas12b-Based Multiple Cross Displacement Amplification Assay for the Rapid, Sensitive, and Specific Detection of .

(), a major pathogenic species within the genus, causes ovine epididymitis. Although the isolation and identification of remain the gold standard for diagnosis, these methods are unsuitable for early detection. The traditional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) offers faster detection but requires specialized equipment such as PCR thermal cyclers and gel electrophoresis imagers, limiting its use in basic laboratories.

Identification of candidate CircRNA associated with intramuscular fat deposition in Duroc pigs.

In order to investigate the potential mechanisms affecting the intramuscular fat content, high-throughput RNA sequencing was employed to assess the expression profiles of circRNAs in the longissimus dorsi tissues of Duroc pigs with high and low IMF content. A total of 230 circRNAs showed significantly differential expression levels between the HIMF and LIMF groups. GO annotation revealed that the host genes of these circRNAs were associated with responses to lipids, such as lipid tube assembly, lipid metabolic process, etc.

Robust Pt/C nanozyme for total antioxidant capacity assay in daily foods.

A robust oxidase (OXD)-like Pt/C nanozyme is proposed for the estimation of total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in foods. Vulcan XC-72 carbon material serves as both the support and stabilizer of the nanozyme, synthesized using a one-pot solvothermal method. A Pt/C nanozyme-based ascorbic acid (AA) quantitative colorimetric sensing platform was developed.

Taking intestinal microbes and the immune system as opportunities to maintain the intestinal health of piglets.

Numerous commensal microbes colonize in the pig gut, while the microbiota gets benefits from the gut environment, it additionally assists significantly with the host's development, metabolism, and immunity. The immune system can regulate the homeostasis of gut microorganisms by secreting a variety of effector factors. Similarly, gut microorganisms can also regulate the intestinal immune system via specific components or metabolites.

Delivery of miR-26a-5p by Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Alleviates Acute Lung Injury in Mice Through CHUK/NF-κB Pathway.

Background: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is characterized by diffuse lung injury and high mortality rates due to severe inflammation. Adipose tissue, functioning as both an endocrine and immune organ, plays a crucial role in immune regulation by secreting a variety of adipokines. Among these, adipose tissue-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as novel mediators of intercellular communication, capable of delivering bioactive molecules such as microRNAs to target cells.

Whole-genome analysis and antimicrobial resistance phenotype of isolated from wild .

(), a Gram-positive bacterium belonging to the family, has been associated with human infections, including bacteremia and endocarditis. Its zoonotic potential raises concerns for public health, yet research on its antimicrobial resistance and pathogenicity is still limited. This study aimed to isolate and characterize from wild , analyze its genomic features (including antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes), and evaluate its antibiotic susceptibility profile to assess potential public health risks.

Restoration of mitochondrial energy metabolism by electroconvulsive therapy in adolescent and juvenile mice.

Background: Adolescent depression is an increasingly serious public health issue, and traditional treatment methods often have side effects or limited efficacy. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), a widely used treatment for severe depression, has recently gained attention for its potential in treating adolescent depression. Previous studies suggest that mitochondrial dysfunction is closely related to the onset of depression.

Genomic characterization and drug resistance of Bordetella pseudohinzii first isolated from wild niviventer.

Background: Niviventer, a rodent species widely distributed in Asian forests, serves as a significant reservoir for pathogens. Bordetella pseudohinzii(B. pseudohinzii), a recently identified Bordetella species with unclear pathogenic potential, poses challenges in species identification and understanding of its pathogenicity, its biological traits and antibiotic resistance are not well understood.

Ultrasensitive and highly specific detection of the genus and . by CRISPR/Cas12b-multiple cross displacement amplification technique.

Brucellosis is caused by members of the spp. and remains one of the world's major zoonotic diseases. () as the most contagious species cannot be ignored as an essential source of infection for brucellosis, especially in countries/regions dominated by animal husbandry.

Investigating the gut bacteria structure and function of hibernating bats through 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing and culturomics.

The gut microbiota of bats is vital for their roles in health and the ecosystem, yet studies on hibernating bats in southwest China, particularly in the unique karst landscape of Guizhou, are limited. We captured three hibernating bat species-Pipistrellus (PB), Rhinolophus (RB), and Myotis (MB)-in Liping County, collecting rectal samples for 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. Data processing involved Trimmomatic, Flash, and Qiime2 for operational taxonomic unit (OTU) standardization and species annotation via the Greengenes database.

Optimizing the zymogram of exogenous proteases in broiler diets by in vitro simulated gastrointestinal digestion and response surface methodology.

Low protein digestibility causes intestinal flora imbalance, wet litter, and nitrogen pollution. The present study aimed to explore the optimal zymogram of exogenous acid protease (ACP), neutral protease (NEP), alkaline protease (ALP), and keratinase (KEA) in corn-soybean based diets for broilers. The hydrolysis performances of the four monocomponent proteases were presented by enzymatic hydrolysate gross energy (EHGE) and improved dry matter digestibility (IDMD), which were tested via the in vitro simulated digestion method.

Development and validation of a neutrophil extracellular traps-related gene signature for lower-grade gliomas.

There is growing evidence linking neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) to tumor genesis, growth, distant metastasis, and tumor-related thrombosis. However, the roles of NETs-related genes (NETRGs) on LGG prognosis remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to integrate multiple machine learning techniques and experiment validation to develop a reliable NETs-based signature that opens up novel approaches for assessing the prognosis and treatment response of LGG patients.

Spatial Transcriptomics of Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms Reveals Divergent Indolent and Malignant States.

Purpose: Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMN) occur in 5% to 10% of the population, but only a small minority progress to pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). The lack of accurate predictors of high-risk disease leads to both unnecessary operations for indolent neoplasms and missed diagnoses of PDAC. Digital spatial RNA profiling (DSP-RNA) provides an opportunity to define and associate transcriptomic states with cancer risk.

Lactobacillus delbrueckii Alleviate Oxidative Stress and Intestinal Injuries by Activating TLR2 and TLR4 Expressions in IPEC-J2 Cells.

Reducing the negative impact of oxidative stress (OS) on weaned piglets is crucial for the further development of the pig industry. Our previous studies found that Lactobacillus delbrueckii (LAB) can alleviate OS and protect intestinal health by activating TLR2 and TLR4 expressions in weaned piglets. This research aimed to verify whether LAB can alleviate OS and intestinal barrier injuries in IPEC-J2 cells by activating TLR2 and TLR4.

Lycopene Alleviates Depression-Like Behavior in Chronic Social Defeat Stress-Induced Mice by Promoting Synaptic Plasticity via the BDNF-TrkB Pathway.

Lycopene is a natural plant extract widely studied for its powerful antioxidant and neuroprotective effects. Emerging evidence suggests that it also possesses potential antidepressant properties. Compared to commonly used clinical antidepressants, lycopene offers higher safety; however, its underlying mechanisms remain unclear.

[Application of large-scale gene expression profiling in modern research of traditional Chinese medicine].

Large-scale gene expression profiling generates or integrates massive data of gene expression under drug induction and employs artificial intelligence algorithms for pattern matching and association analysis. This approach facilitates the identification of complex relationships and functional networks between drugs, genes, and diseases, thereby significantly advancing drug research. Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM), with its characteristic multi-component, multi-target, and multi-pathway mechanisms, poses challenges to conventional methodologies in the comprehensive elucidation of its biological effects.

Effects of Extract on Growth Performance, Nutrient Apparent Digestibility, Serum Parameters, and Fecal Microbiota in Finishing Pigs.

This study investigated the effects of extract (FAE) on growth performance, nutrient apparent digestibility, serum parameters, fecal microbial composition, and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in finishing pigs. In total, 75 Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire pigs (equally divided by sex), with an initial body weight of 79.49 ± 4.

The effect of essential oil on growth performance, immune, antioxidant functions and gut microbiota in pigs.

, a perennial herb belonging to the Zingiberaceae family, has a long history of traditional medicinal use. The present study evaluated the efficacy of different concentrations of essential oil (AEO) on the growth performance, serum antioxidation capacities, immune function, apparent digestibility of nutrients, and gut microbiota in fattening pigs. A total of 120 pigs were divided into five treatments, with six replicates each and four pigs per replicate.

Eucommia ulmoides flavonoids alleviate intestinal oxidative stress damage in weaned piglets by regulating the Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway.

This study examined how Eucommia ulmoides flavonoids (EUF) protect against intestinal oxidative stress induced by deoxynivalenol (DON) in weaned piglets. Forty weaned piglets were randomly assigned to four dietary groups for a period of 14 days. The piglets were fed a control diet (Control) or the Control diet supplemented with 100 mg EUF/kg (EUF group), 4 mg DON/kg diet (DON group) or both (EUF+DON group) in a 2×2 factorial design.

Spatial Transcriptomics of IPMN Reveals Divergent Indolent and Malignant Lineages.

Purpose: Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMN) occur in 5-10% of the population, but only a small minority progress to pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). The lack of accurate predictors of high-risk disease leads both to unnecessary operations for indolent neoplasms as well as missed diagnoses of PDAC. Digital spatial RNA profiling (DSP-RNA) provides an opportunity to define and associate transcriptomic states with cancer risk.

Effects of electroconvulsive therapy on inflammatory markers and depressive symptoms in adolescents with major depressive disorder.

Objective: Limited research exists on the use of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) for adolescents with major depressive disorder (MDD). This study investigates the effects of ECT on inflammatory markers in adolescents aged 13-18 suffering from severe MDD, evaluating its efficacy in modulating cellular inflammatory markers and ameliorating depressive symptoms.

Methods: A cohort of 38 adolescents with severe MDD received standard antidepressant therapy along with 6-8 ECT sessions spanning two weeks.