One-pot, uracil-DNA-glycosylase-aided, and multi-indicator nanobiosensor detection platform for identifying Brucella melitensis from the Brucella spp.

Background: Brucellosis, a zoonotic chronic contagious disease caused by spp., is primarily associated with species such as () and , among which is recognized as the most virulent in causing human brucellosis.

Methods: Herein, we report a newly “one-pot” detection protocol for the identification of from the genus using the multiplex multiple cross-displacement amplification (MCDA) combined with dUTP-assisted uracil-DNA-glycosylase (UDGase) and gold nanoparticles lateral flow assay (AuNPs-LFA) biosensor (termed mMCUDA). Two sets of MCDA primers targeting the and genes were designed. Various clinical isolates and whole blood samples were used to optimize and evaluate the mMCUDA assay.

Results: The optimal condition for mMCUDA is 65℃ for 60 min. The limit of detection (LoD) of the mMCUDA assay was confirmed to be 7.5 fg/reaction. The mMCUDA assay can accurately identify from the spp. used in the study, and no cross-reaction with non-target pathogens was observed. The protocol has a powerful capability to eliminate carryover contamination (approximately 1.5 × 10 g/reaction).

Conclusions: Taken-together, these investigative data demonstrated that the mMCUDA assay is a straightforward, one-pot, easy-to-obtain, friendly-to-use, and highly specific detection platform, which can be used as a useful potential screening tool in clinical applications.

Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12866-025-04189-9.