The impact of ultrasound-guided thoracic paravertebral nerve block on the quality of recovery after video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: The ultrasound-guided thoracic paravertebral nerve block (TPVB) is widely used in video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS). However, the impact of ultrasound-guided TPVB on the postoperative quality of recovery (QoR) remains unclear in patients undergoing VATS. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to explore the impact of ultrasound-guided TPVB on postoperative QoR score after VATS in comparison to the control group without receiving either TPVB or other blocks.

Emerging Trends in Neoadjuvant Immunotherapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Focus on Liver Transplant Candidates.

Background: Immunotherapy has emerged as a promising neoadjuvant strategy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), with growing evidence supporting its role in tumor downstaging and enabling radical resection. Liver transplantation remains a curative option for HCC, and the integration of neoadjuvant immunotherapy prior to transplantation holds potential to improve staging outcomes and reduce postoperative recurrence. However, this approach necessitates careful evaluation of transplant-related immunological risks, particularly the risk of allograft rejection.

Application of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation in monitored anesthesia care during foraminoscopy: a randomized double-blind controlled trial.

Background: As minimally invasive surgical techniques have evolved, foraminoscopy has emerged as a predominant surgical procedure. This technique utilizes the intervertebral foramen as the primary surgical pathway and addresses lumbar intervertebral disk issues through endoscopic intervention. However, since the surgery is performed under local anesthesia, achieving satisfactory anesthesia poses significant challenges.

Development and internal verification of nomogram for forecasting delirium in the elderly admitted to intensive care units: an analysis of MIMIC-IV database.

Background: Precise forecasting of delirium in intensive care unit (ICU) may propel effective early prevention strategies and stratification of ICU patients through delirium risks, avoiding waste of medical resources. However, there are few optimal models of delirium in critically ill older patients. This study aimed to propose and verify a nomogram for predicting the incidence of delirium in elderly patients admitted to ICU.

The impact of preoperative frailty on perioperative neurocognitive disorders in elderly patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Perioperative neurocognitive disorders (PNDs) were the most common complication in elderly patients undergoing surgery. Early identification of risk factors for PNDs and implementation of preventive measures were critical to improve prognosis. We performed this systematic review and meta-analysis to explore the impact of preoperative frailty on PNDs in elderly surgical patients.

Mechanism of Huayu Qutan recipe anti-atherosclerosis mediates lipophagymammalian target of rapamycin complex 1/ transcription factor EB signaling pathway in ApoE-/-mice.

Objective: To investigate the effects of Huayu Qutan recipe (, HYQT) on the atherosclerosis (AS) model of ApoE-/- mice with a high-fat diet and to illustrate the underlying mechanisms from modern patho-physiological conceptualizations.

Methods: High performance liquid chromatography of quadrupole time of flight-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS) analysis was used to identify the active compounds in the recipe. The mice were randomly allocated into 7 groups: control (CTRL) group, normal diet (ND) group, high-fat diet (HFD) group, HYQT groups (low dose, medium dose, and high dose), and simvastatin (SIM) group.

Assessing mortality risk and causes in extramammary Paget's disease: insights from a population-based study.

Background: The causes of death in extramammary Paget's disease (EMPD) patients are currently unclear. The authors aimed to examine mortality patterns among current survivors of EMPD.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis utilizing data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database spanning from 2000 to 2019, focusing on patients diagnosed with EMPD.

The neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio as a risk factor for all-cause mortality among individuals with resolved HBV infection: evidence from the NHANES 1999-2018.

Background: Inflammation is a critical component in the process of resolved hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) serves as a sensitive indicator of systemic inflammation and immune activation. Our study aimed to investigate the correlation between elevated NLR levels and the risk of all-cause mortality in patients with resolved HBV infection.

Dual disease co-expression analysis reveals potential roles of estrogen-related genes in postmenopausal osteoporosis and Parkinson's disease.

Introduction: The deficiency of estrogen correlates with a range of diseases, notably Postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMO) and Parkinson's disease (PD). There is a possibility that PMO and PD may share underlying molecular mechanisms that are pivotal in their development and progression. The objective of this study was to identify critical genes and potential mechanisms associated with PMO by examining co-expressed genes linked to PD.

Serum iodine concentration in pregnant women and its association with thyroid function.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the association of serum iodine concentration (SIC) with thyroid function-associated parameters in pregnant women in mild iodine deficient area, and explore its potential to predict individual iodine nutrition status in pregnant women.

Methods: A total of 741 pregnant women undergoing prenatal examinations in their second trimester at the Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, from March 2021 to May 2022 were finally recruited into the study. Venous blood and morning urine were collected.

Association between exposure to urinary metal and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in US adults.

Background: Further evidence is required regarding the influence of metal mixture exposure on mortality. Therefore, we employed diverse statistical models to evaluate the associations between eight urinary metals and the risks of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality.

Methods: We measured the levels of 8 metals in the urine of adults who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 1999 to 2018.

Analysis of postoperative complications in bladder cancer patients.

Background: Bladder cancer, a significant health concern worldwide, often necessitates diverse surgical interventions and postoperative treatments. Understanding the complications arising from these procedures is vital for enhancing patient outcomes and quality of life.

Methods: This study encompassed 80 bladder cancer patients, evaluating their demographic characteristics, systemic conditions, cancer stages, tumor diameter, surgical procedures, and postoperative treatments.

Effect and underlying mechanism of a photochemotherapy dual-function nanodrug delivery system for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: The novel nanomaterials PNA-TN (PN) and PNA-TN-Dox (PND) have been shown to have strong inhibitory effects on breast cancer; however, it is unclear whether PN and PND have anti-head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) activity, and their potential mechanisms of activity are unknown. So, our study aims to explore the therapeutic effects of PN and PND on HNSCC and their possible mechanisms.

Methods: We used a series of phenotypic research to evaluate the effects of PN + Laser (L) and PND + L on the biological function of HNSCC cells in vitro and in vivo.

17β-Estradiol Ameliorates Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction in Aged Mice via miR-138-5p/SIRT1/HMGB1 Pathway.

Background: Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a common neurological complication in older patients and correlated with adverse outcomes. 17β-estradiol treatment was reported to provide neuroprotective protection in various neurologic disorders, but whether it attenuated POCD was unknown. The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of 17β-estradiol treatment on POCD and its mechanisms.

Associations of multiple metals exposure with immunoglobulin levels in pregnant women: Hangzhou Birth Cohort Study.

Metal may affect maternal immune function, but few epidemiological studies have reported the associations between multiple-metal exposure and maternal immunoglobulin (Ig) levels. Based on the Hangzhou Birth Cohort Study, 1059 participants were included, and eleven metals in whole blood samples and serum IgA, IgG, IgE and IgM levels were measured. Linear regression, quantile-based g-computation (QGC), and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) models were used to evaluate the associations.

Gender differences in the relationship between the systemic immune-inflammation index and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality among adults with hypertension: evidence from NHANES 1999-2018.

Background: There are gender differences in hypertension and the effect of gender on the relationship between systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) and mortality in hypertensive patients is unclear.

Methods: Hypertensive patients (n=7444) from ten cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning 1999 to 2018 were enrolled in this study. The maximally selected rank statistics method was employed to identify the optimal cut-off value for the SII.

Improved Thoracoscopic-Assisted Surgery for the Treatment of Metastatic Thoracic Vertebral Tumors.

The significant progress made in the diagnosis and treatment of malignant tumors has led to improved patient survival rates. However, the metastatic spread of these tumors to the thoracic vertebrae remains a significant challenge, often resulting in bone-related adverse events, such as pathological fractures and severe complications. To address this issue, a refined multidisciplinary approach has been explored, which utilizes thoracoscopic techniques for tumor resection and spinal interventions.

Unravelling oncosis: morphological and molecular insights into a unique cell death pathway.

Programmed cell death (PCD) is a fundamental biological process for maintaining cellular equilibrium and regulating development, health, and disease across all living organisms. Among the various types of PCD, apoptosis plays a pivotal role in numerous diseases, notably cancer. Cancer cells frequently develop mechanisms to evade apoptosis, increasing resistance to standard chemotherapy treatments.

Safety of proteasome inhibitor drugs for the treatment of multiple myeloma post-marketing: a pharmacovigilance investigation based on the FDA adverse event reporting system.

Background: The use of proteasome inhibitors (PIs), namely Bortezomib and Carfilzomib, revolutionized multiple myeloma (MM) treatment. Understanding their distinct adverse event (AE) profiles aids in tailored treatment plans.

Research Design And Methods: We analyzed FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) data (Q1 2012-Q4 2023) for Bortezomib and Carfilzomib, utilizing reporting odds ratio (ROR), proportional reporting ratio (PRR), and Bayesian confidence propagation neural network (BCPNN).

Association between preoperative sarcopenia and postoperative delirium in older patients undergoing gastrointestinal cancer surgery.

Background: Postoperative delirium (POD) is a usual neurological complication, often leading to poor prognoses. Early identification of high-risk patients is crucial for preventing POD. Sarcopenia is an age-related geriatric syndrome characterized by the loss of skeletal muscle mass and function, and previous studies indicated that preoperative low muscle mass might be a predictor for POD.

Association between inflammatory bowel disease and osteoporosis in European and East Asian populations: exploring causality, mediation by nutritional status, and shared genetic architecture.

Background: While previous research has established an association between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and osteoporosis (OP), the nature of this association in different populations remains unclear.

Objective: Our study used linkage disequilibrium scores(LDSC) regression analysis and Mendelian randomization(MR) to assess the genetic correlation and causal relationship between IBD and OP in European and East Asian populations.

Methods: We performed separate genetic correlation and causal analyses for IBD and OP in European and East Asian populations, used the product of coefficients method to estimate the mediating effect of nutritional status on the causal relationship, and used multi-trait analysis to explore the biological mechanisms underlying the IBD-nutrition-OP causal pathway.

Development a nomogram prognostic model for survival in heart failure patients based on the HF-ACTION data.

Background: The risk assessment for survival in heart failure (HF) remains one of the key focuses of research. This study aims to develop a simple and feasible nomogram model for survival in HF based on the Heart Failure-A Controlled Trial Investigating Outcomes of Exercise TraiNing (HF-ACTION) to support clinical decision-making.

Methods: The HF patients were extracted from the HF-ACTION database and randomly divided into a training cohort and a validation cohort at a ratio of 7:3.