Remediation of sulfamethoxazole contaminated soil using sulfidated zero-valent iron: The overlooked size and sulfur content effects.

Sulfamethoxazole (SMX) contamination in farmland disrupts soil micro-ecological functions, posing a risk to soil health and productivity. Sulfidated zero-valent iron (SZVI), a promising green material known for its good reactivity, had been used for soil remediation. However, existing studies often overlooked the effects of particle size and sulfur content on the long-term performance of SZVI and its impact on soil micro-ecological safety.

Improved REV algorithm based on signal reconstruction for phase calibration of optical phased array.

Optical phased array (OPA) is a kind of non-mechanical beam control technology that has extensive application prospects in various fields. However, the initial phase offset of OPA chips will significantly degrade the quality of far-field beams. In this study, a novel hybrid algorithm, to our knowledge, integrating signal reconstruction, rotating-element electric-field vector (REV) techniques, and quantum particle swarm optimization (QPSO) are proposed to address this challenge.

Dihydroquercetin Nanomicelles Mitigate Hippocampal Apoptosis and Alleviate Autism-Like Behaviors in ASD Rats via the IKK/IKB/NF-κB Signaling Pathway.

Dihydroquercetin (DHQ), a compound with neuroprotective effects, has shown its potential in a variety of nervous system diseases. However, its mechanism of action in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) remains to be further explored. Due to its poor solubility, the clinical application of DHQ is restricted.

Acupoint stimulation methods for premature ovarian insufficiency: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Objective: The aims of this study were to evaluate and rank the efficacy of different acupoint stimulation (AS) therapies in the treatment of premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) by network meta-analysis (NMA) and to explore the optimal AS regimen for improving sex hormone levels and clinical symptoms.

Methods: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in English and Chinese up to November 2024 were searched in eight databases, including the Cochrane Library, PubMed, and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). Included studies were patients with POI diagnosed according to established international or Chinese guidelines.

Hierarchical knowledge-guided reasoning for text-based person re-identification.

Masked language modeling (MLM) has expanded the exploration of text-image person re-identification (TIReID) tasks from coarse-granularity to fine-grained alignment. Whereas, we note that vanilla MLM picks random tokens for visual-to-token reasoning, which could fail the intention of semantic visual-textual alignment by indistinguishably focusing on all the sub-words. This work proposes to leverage the inherent hierarchical scene graph knowledge in each text for guiding token masking and enhancing cross-modal representation in TIReID, thus relieving the pitfall of blind visual-textual alignment.

The Giant Panda Transferrin Receptor Facilitates Feline Parvovirus Infection to Drive Cross-Species Transmission.

Feline parvovirus (FPV) causes feline panleukopenia, a highly contagious disease in cats, marked by severe leukopenia, biphasic fever, diarrhea, vomiting, and hemorrhagic enteritis. Recently, FPV infection in giant pandas has increased, causing diarrhea and ultimately fatal outcomes, thereby threatening their survival and reproduction. Here, we investigated the transmission of FPV in giant pandas and its interaction with cellular receptors using an FPV strain (pFPV-sc) isolated from giant panda feces.

Cost-effectiveness of biomarker-directed toripalimab plus chemotherapy for previously untreated extensive-stage small-cell lung-cancer in China.

Background: With or without biomarker-directed toripalimab plus chemotherapy could bring significant clinical benefit and acceptable safety profile compared with chemotherapy as first-line treatment for patients with extensive-stage small-cell lung-cancer (ES-SCLC) were demonstrated in EXTENTORCH trial. However, its cost-effective remains uncleared.

Objective: The current analysis aimed to evaluate the economic value of intratumor heterogeneity (ITH) testing directed toripalimab plus chemotherapy as first-line treatment for patients with ES-SCLC from the Chinese health-care system perspective.

A stratification system for breast cancer based on basoluminal tumor cells and spatial tumor architecture.

Rapid recurrence is common in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). To better understand drivers of recurrence, we use imaging mass cytometry to characterize the tumor phenotype landscapes of 215 TNBC patients. We observe high intertumor heterogeneity with eleven tumor cell phenotypes, each of which dominates in an individual patient, and identify a tumor cell phenotype with reduced basoluminal lineage fidelity and stem-like traits that is correlated with rapid disease recurrence.

Cost-Effectiveness of Increasing Outdoor Activity in Preventing Myopia in Children and Adolescents - China.

What Is Already Known About This Topic?: Myopia has emerged as a significant public health concern in China, particularly among children and adolescents. While evidence demonstrates the effectiveness of outdoor activity in preventing myopia, comprehensive economic analyses evaluating its role in reducing myopia-related diseases remain limited.

What Is Added By This Report?: This study evaluates the cost-effectiveness of increasing outdoor activity across different educational stages in preventing myopia-related diseases among Chinese children and adolescents.

Longitudinal Impact of Parenting on Grit: Serial Mediating Effect of Gratitude and Life Satisfaction.

Despite previous research demonstrating the importance of positive parenting in fostering adolescents' grit levels, very little is known about the longitudinal pathway and underlying mechanism of this relationship. Therefore, we conducted a three-wave longitudinal study over 18 months among a sample of Chinese adolescents. Guided by the bioecological model of human development, the internal working model, and the broaden-and-build theory, we tested a serial mediation model of gratitude and life satisfaction in the parenting-grit link.

Bombus terrestris as biocontrol agent vector to suppress Botrytis cinerea in greenhouse tomato.

Background: Tomato gray mold, caused by Botrytis cinerea, is a major disease affecting tomato yield and quality. Excessive use of chemical fungicides has led to resistant strains. Due to the drawbacks of chemical fungicides and traditional spraying, entomovectoring methods have been developed for plant protection.

The pathway from childhood unpredictability to somatic symptoms among college students: The mediating role of anxiety symptoms and the moderating role of coping strategies.

Although it has been suggested that childhood adversity could have a long-lasting influence on health, such as somatic symptoms in later life, less is known about the role of childhood unpredictability, an independent and important environmental signal, and the potential mechanism underlying this association. Besides, the extent to which different coping strategies may either mitigate or amplify this negative association is not adequately investigated. To fill this research gap, the present study investigated the relationship between childhood unpredictability and somatic symptoms among college students, whilst exploring the mediating role of anxiety symptoms and the moderating role of coping strategies.

Global, regional, and national burdens of eating disorders in adolescents and young adults aged 10-24 years from 1990 to 2021, with projections to 2040.

Background: The global prevalence of eating disorders has been rising, contributing to premature mortality and substantial health burdens among adolescents and young adults. However, long-term trends and future projections remain understudied in this population.

Methods: Using data from the Global Burden of Disease 2021, with eating disorder diagnoses according to ICD-10 criteria, we estimated age-standardized prevalence, incidence, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) rates with 95 % uncertainty intervals (UIs).

MRI features and prognostic evaluation in patients with subventricular zone-contacting IDH-wild-type glioblastoma.

Background: The subventricular zone (SVZ), the brain's largest neural stem cells reservoir, plays a critical role in glioblastoma development and progression. This study aims to investigate the association between MRI features and SVZ contact in IDH-wild-type glioblastoma, as well as their prognostic significance to guide personalized diagnosis and treatment.

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the MRI and clinical data of 371 patients with IDH-wild-type glioblastoma from The Cancer Imaging Archive.

NSC632839 suppresses esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cell proliferation in vitro by triggering spindle assembly checkpoint-mediated mitotic arrest and CREB-Noxa-dependent apoptosis.

Objective: Esophageal cancer is one of the most common digestive cancers in the world. Because of the limitation and resistence of the traditional chemotherapy drugs, it is important to explore new therapeutic targets and strategies for this refractory cancer. Recently, targeting deubiquitinases has emerged as a promising avenue for the development of anti-tumor drugs.

Chromosomal-level genome assembly of solitary bee pollinator Osmia excavata Alfken (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae).

Osmia spp. is a genus of solitary bees that serves as excellent pollinators for various fruit trees and has the potential to enhance pollination services in both agricultural and natural ecosystems. However, the absence of high-quality genomic resources limits our insights into evolutionary biology and ecological adaptations of Osmia.

Sensitivity of Various Indicators in a Mouse Sensitive Skin Model Treatment with 4-tert-Butylcyclohexanol and Pimecrolimus.

The etiopathogenesis and treatment response of sensitive skin remain poorly understood. We used 4-tert-butylcyclohexanol (4-TBLH) and 1% pimecrolimus ointment to treat sensitive skin in mice models constructed using tape stripping, propylene glycol, and capsaicin. This study aimed to further investigate the sensitivity and responsiveness of this sensitive mouse skin model.

Diurnal cortisol profiles and subjective well-being: Longitudinal associations among children and adolescents.

There has been evidence suggesting that cortisol is related to subjective well-being. (i.e.

Development and Characterization of a Recombinant galT-galU Protein for Broad-Spectrum Immunoprotection Against Porcine Contagious Pleuropneumonia.

Porcine contagious pleuropneumonia (PCP), caused by (APP), is a highly contagious disease that leads to significant economic losses in the swine industry. Current vaccines are ineffective due to the presence of multiple serotypes and the absence of a predominant seasonal serotype, underscoring the need for vaccines with broad-spectrum protection. Previous studies identified galT and galU as promising antigen candidates.

Study on the deformation characteristics of diaphragm walls in deep excavations within the Ningbo soft soil region.

In soft soil environments, deep foundation pit excavation often leads to significant surface settlement, lateral displacement of support structures, and uneven settlement of surrounding buildings due to the complex geotechnical conditions and the inherent characteristics of soft soil, such as high compressibility and low shear strength. This study systematically analyzes 23 deep foundation pit excavation cases from Ningbo city, located in a silty clay region, to examine the deformation behavior during excavation. The research focuses on the impact of key factors such as excavation depth, pit dimensions, support structure parameters, and soil characteristics on the deformation of diaphragm walls.

Genetic differentiation and adaptive evolution of buff-tailed bumblebees in Asia.

Bumblebees are important pollinating insects, so their declines resulting from environmental change have received intensive attention. Understanding how environmental factors shape the genetic structure of natural populations and identifying the genetic basis of local adaptation will provide insights into how bumblebees cope with environmental change. The buff-tailed bumblebee (Bombus terrestris) has a wide natural distribution range and has been domesticated to produce commercial colonies for greenhouse pollination.

The impact of preoperative frailty on perioperative neurocognitive disorders in elderly patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Perioperative neurocognitive disorders (PNDs) were the most common complication in elderly patients undergoing surgery. Early identification of risk factors for PNDs and implementation of preventive measures were critical to improve prognosis. We performed this systematic review and meta-analysis to explore the impact of preoperative frailty on PNDs in elderly surgical patients.

Numerical simulation of thermal effects on seawater intrusion management by coastal cutoff walls.

Seawater intrusion into coastal aquifers poses significant challenges for groundwater management, particularly under fluctuating thermal conditions. This study employs a two-dimensional numerical model to explore the combined effects of temperature gradients and geological stratification on seawater intrusion and the performance of coastal cutoff walls. The results show that temperature gradients between seawater and groundwater substantially affect intrusion patterns, with the wedge extension under variable temperature gradients is 54 times greater compared to the scenario with a constant temperature gradient.

Understanding the factors governing the ammonia oxidation reaction by a mononuclear ruthenium complex.

Precise regulation of the active site of molecular catalysts is appealing because it could provide insights into the catalytic mechanism and possibly provide a new strategy for catalyst design. A ruthenium complex, [Ru(dpp)(bipy)(Cl)] (CSU-3), containing -Me and -COMe substituted dipyridylpyrrole as a pincer ligand, was designed and synthesized. The CSU-3 complex featured a Cl ligand at the axial position as the active site for ammonia oxidation (AO), and is structurally analogous to AO catalyst [Ru(trpy)(dmabpy)(NH)][PF] (1) bearing a terpyridine ligand, but different from AO catalyst [Ru(dpp)(bipy)(NH)] (CSU-2) containing unsubstituted dipyridylpyrrole as a hemilabile ligand with the active site at an equatorial position.