Dietary protein sources in concentrate supplementation influence growth performance by manipulating gut microbiota and serum metabolites in suckling Donkey foals.

Background: Protein is a primary nutrient in concentrate supplementation for donkey foals, and the source of this protein significantly influences their growth and development. Milk-derived protein sources, such as milk powder, casein, and whey protein, are widely used in milk replacers for donkey foals due to their balanced nutritional profiles, high digestibility, and high bioavailability. However, the increasing costs of milk powder and whey protein have prompted researchers to explore alternative protein sources, with soy protein being a particularly promising option.

Dietary polysaccharide supplementation alters the growth performance, ruminal microbes and metabolites, muscle fatty acid and amino acid profiles in fattening lambs.

The polysaccharide (JAP) acts as a prebiotic in ruminants. This study investigated the effects of dietary JAP supplementation on growth performance, meat traits, rumen microbes, and metabolome of fattening lambs. A total of 72 healthy crossbred ram lambs (Small Tail Han sheep × Black Bone sheep), aged three months (body weight = 26.

DHX34 deficiency triggers tumor-intrinsic immunity via a dsRNA-mediated type I interferon pathway activation in HCC.

Tumors often evade immune surveillance by crippling their immunogenicity in the microenvironment. DHX34, an RNA helicase involved in nonsense-mediated mRNA decay pathway, is critical for aberrant RNA degradation. However, the effect of DHX34 in regulating the immunogenicity in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is still unclear.

Effects of Dietary Protein Levels on Production Performance, Meat Quality Traits, and Gut Microbiome of Fatting Dezhou Donkeys.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of varying dietary protein levels on growth performance, meat quality traits, amino acid and fatty acid compositions, and hindgut microbiota in Dezhou donkeys. Eighteen 12-month-old male donkeys, weighing 188 ± 9 kg, were randomly allocated into three groups and fed diets containing 11.03% (LP), 12.

A brief exploration of the physical properties of single living cells under dynamic loading conditions.

Introduction: Single living cells exhibit both active biological functions and material-like mechanical behaviors. While extensive research has focused on static or quasi-static loading, the purely mechanical properties under high-rate impact remain underexplored. Investigating cell responses to dynamic loading can isolate rapid deformation characteristics, potentially clarifying how life activities modulate mechanical behavior.

Identification of Critical Molecular Pathways Induced by HDAC11 Overexpression in Cardiac Mesenchymal Stem Cells.

HDAC11, the only class IV histone deacetylase, primarily functions as a fatty acid deacylase and has been implicated in metabolic regulation, cancer stemness, and muscle regeneration. However, its role in cardiac mesenchymal stem cells (CMSCs) remains unexplored. To investigate the effects of HDAC11 overexpression on the gene regulatory networks in CMSCs, we treated mouse CMSCs with an adenoviral vector encoding human HDAC11 (Ad-HDAC11) versus adenoviral GFP (Ad-GFP) as a control.

DGPrompt: Dual-guidance prompts generation for vision-language models.

Introducing learnable prompts into CLIP and fine-tuning them have demonstrated excellent performance across many downstream tasks. However, existing methods have insufficient interaction between modalities and neglect the importance of hierarchical contextual information, leading to ineffective alignment in both the visual and textual representation spaces. Additionally, CLIP is highly sensitive to prompts, making learnable prompts prone to overfitting on seen classes, which results in the forgetting of general knowledge of CLIP and severely impair generalization ability on unseen classes.

A conductive polymer restores connexin43 expression through the suppression of mitogen-activated protein kinases to improve intercellular communication and alleviate atrial fibrillation.

Conductive biomaterials have shown promising results for correcting pathological cardiac electrical signaling. However, their mechanisms of operation are still largely unclear. One reason behind disrupted cardiac intercellular communication, though, is lowered expression of the gap junction protein connexin43 (Cx43), which may be alleviated by conductive biomaterials.

Noninvasive assessment of a bioconductive patch for treating atrial fibrillation with magnetic resonance imaging.

Electrical and structural remodeling disrupt atrial electrical conduction, leading to atrial fibrillation (AF). Epicardially delivered conductive biomaterial patches can effectively transmit electrical signals and potentially diminish AF. However, given the progressive nature of AF development, continuous and noninvasive monitoring is essential for assessing the therapeutic efficacy of these patches over time.

Preparation of eco-friendly dust suppressant by extracting biological enzyme from jack bean: Performance evaluation and mechanism exploration.

Soil dust in infrastructure construction sites seriously affects the working environment. In the study, urease is a biological enzyme extracted from jack bean, which is used as the core material to prepare dust suppressant. The best urease activity was observed at bean flour mass to Citric Acid-Sodium Citrate (CASC) volume ratio of 5:14.

Beyond Aromas: Exploring the Development and Potential Applications of Electroencephalography in Olfactory Research-From General Scents to Food Flavor Science Frontiers.

Olfaction is crucial to our dietary choices and significantly influences our emotional and cognitive landscapes. Understanding the underlying neural mechanisms is pivotal, especially through the use of electroencephalography (EEG). This technology has strong temporal resolution, allowing it to capture the dynamics of neural responses to odors, bypassing the need for subjective interpretations.

Atrial Fibrillation Types and Chronic Kidney Disease are Independent Predictors of Atrial Fibrillation Recurrence After Radiofrequency Ablation.

Purpose: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is classified into paroxysmal, persistent, long-term persistent, and permanent types. It is commonly treated by radiofrequency ablation (RFA), which is more successful than conventional anti-arrhythmic drugs, but it is still largely unknown whether these beneficial effects are equally present for all AF types. Here, we evaluated the impact that AF type has on post-RFA patient conditions and identified underlying factors affecting AF prognoses.

Activation of MEK-ERK-c-MYC signaling pathway promotes splenic M2-like macrophage polarization to inhibit PHcH-liver cirrhosis.

Introduction: Portal hypertension combined with hypersplenism (PHcH) is the main cause of hypocytosis and esophagogastric variceal hemorrhage in patients with liver cirrhosis. Activated macrophages that destroy excess blood cells are the main cause of hypersplenism, but the activating pathway is not very clear. This study aims to investigate the activation types of splenic macrophages and their activation mechanisms, to provide experimental evidence for the biological treatment of splenomegaly, and to find a strategy to improve liver fibrosis and inflammation by intervening in splenic immune cells.

Gaudichaudione H ameliorates liver fibrosis and inflammation by targeting NRF2 signaling pathway.

Gaudichaudione H (GH) is a natural small molecular compound isolated from Garcinia oligantha Merr. (Clusiaceae). Being an uncommon rare caged polyprenylated xanthone, the potential pharmacological functions of GH remain to be fully elucidated currently.

LACTB suppresses liver cancer progression through regulation of ferroptosis.

Ferroptosis, driven by iron-dependent phospholipid peroxidation, is emerging as an intrinsic cancer defense mechanism. However, the regulatory networks involved in ferroptosis remain largely unknown. Here, we found that serine beta-lactamase-like protein (LACTB) inhibits liver cancer progression by regulating ferroptosis.

Spatially resolved land and grid model of carbon neutrality in China.

China has committed to achieve net carbon neutrality by 2060 to combat global climate change, which will require unprecedented deployment of negative emissions technologies, renewable energies (RE), and complementary infrastructure. At terawatt-scale deployment, land use limitations interact with operational and economic features of power systems. To address this, we developed a spatially resolved resource assessment and power systems planning optimization that models a full year of power system operations, sub-provincial RE siting criteria, and transmission connections.

Cost dynamics of onshore wind energy in the context of China's carbon neutrality target.

Wind energy has become one of the most important measures for China to achieve its carbon neutrality goal. The spatial and temporal evolvement of economic competitiveness for wind energy becomes an important concern in shaping the decarbonization pathway in China. There has been an urgent need in power system planning to model the future dynamics of cost decline and supply potential for wind power in the context of carbon neutrality until 2060.

[Corrigendum] FPR2 serves a role in recurrent spontaneous abortion by regulating trophoblast function via the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.

Subsequently to the publication of the above paper, an interested reader drew to the authors' attention that the '0 h/si-NC + Solvent' and '0 h/si-FPR2 + Solvent' data panels shown in Fig. 4B on p. 7 appeared to contain overlapping sections of data, such that they were potentially derived from the same original source where these panels was intended to show the results from differently performed experiments.

Chitosan-induced self-assembly of montmorillonite nanosheets along the end-face for methylene blue removal from water.

In this study, chitosan-induced self-assembly of montmorillonite nanosheets (MMTNS) along the end-face to form the layered and porous structured composite with high adsorption capacity towards MB dye wastewater was investigated. The self-assembly process was driven by the hydrogen-bond interaction among -OH groups distributed along the end-face of MMTNS and -NH groups on chitosan (CS) chain, which finally formed the infinite two-dimensional lamellae. This technology remained the exposed adsorption sites on MMTNS surface, and solved the separation issue of spent MMTNS from water, making MMTNS/CS an excellent adsorption material for macromolecular MB dye.

Epicardial delivery of a conductive membrane synchronizes conduction to reduce atrial fibrillation.

Conductive polymers have been investigated as a medium for the transmission of electrical signals in biological tissues, but their capacity to rewire cardiac tissue has not been evaluated. Myocardial tissue is unique in being able to generate an electrical potential at a fixed rate; this potential spreads rapidly among cells to trigger muscle contractions. Tissue injuries result in myocardial fibrosis and subsequent non-uniform conductivity, leading to arrhythmia.

CD11b + CD43 hi Ly6C lo splenocyte-derived macrophages exacerbate liver fibrosis via spleen-liver axis.

Background And Aims: Monocyte-derived macrophages (MoMFs), a dominant population of hepatic macrophages under inflammation, play a crucial role in liver fibrosis progression. The spleen serves as an extra monocyte reservoir in inflammatory conditions; however, the precise mechanisms of involvement of the spleen in the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis remain unclear.

Approach And Results: By splenectomy and splenocyte transfusion, it was observed that splenic CD11b + cells accumulated intrahepatically as Ly6C lo MoMFs to exacerbate CCl 4 -induced liver fibrosis.