Micro-mechanism of residual PCE removal from aquifers by in-situ microemulsion: behavior and proportion of mobilization and solubilization.

In-situ microemulsion has shown great potential for remediation of dense non-aqueous phase liquids (DNAPLs) contaminated aquifers due to the capacity to enhance DNAPL solubility and mobility. Understanding the pore-scale removal behavior of DNAPL and quantifying proportions of mobilization/solubilization in flushing process are essential to improve remediation efficiency. However, owing to the opacity of aquifer medium, the sand columns commonly used in flushing experiments are hard to reveal the dynamic behaviors and removal mechanism of DNAPLs in aquifer by in-situ microemulsion.

Synthesis of flexible SERS sensing platform of graphene/Ag-popcorns/ PMMA for ultrasensitive detection.

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) with ultrahigh sensitivity has garnered significant attention for quantitative analysis and chemically specific detection. However, conventional SERS platforms, typically structured by depositing plasmonic micro/nanoparticles onto rigid substrates, face limitations in further advancement and applications. In this study, we present a novel method to prepare a flexible SERS film substrate composed of graphene overlayer (G) atop a self-assembled array of silver micropopcorns (Ag MPs) and a polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) membrane.

promotes liver sinusoidal endothelial cell dysfunction and induces macrophage M1 polarization in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Background: The progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and liver fibrosis remains poorly understood, though liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) are thought to play a central role in disease pathogenesis.

Aim: To investigate the role of in NAFLD fibrosis through its regulation of LSEC dysfunction and macrophage polarization.

Methods: We analysed single-cell transcriptomic data (GSE129516) from NASH and normal mouse models and identified as a key regulator in LSECs.

Efficacy of formula against canine lymphoma chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression.

Introduction: Lymphoma is a prevalent malignant tumor in canines, with chemotherapy as the primary treatment approach. However, chemotherapy indiscriminately targets all rapidly dividing cells, including normal hematopoietic cells, leading to myelosuppression. Recent veterinary practices still lack standardized and effective management strategies for myelosuppression.

Synergistic adsorption mechanisms of self-N-doped biochar for levofloxacin elimination: integrated experimental and DFT studies.

The efficient removal of fluoroquinolone antibiotics from water is critical for water pollution control. In this study, a novel self-nitrogen doped porous biochar (KBC) was synthesized using waste peanut meal as a precursor, combined with high-temperature pyrolysis (900 °C) and an activating agent (CHKO) at an optimal mass ratio of 1:2. The KBC exhibited excellent adsorption capacity for levofloxacin (LEV) with the maximum capacity of 717.

Noise-resistance modified linear programming algorithm for dual-wavelength digital holography.

The modified linear programming algorithm (MLPA) is an effective solution for dual wavelength digital holography. However, when the thickness of a specimen exceeds one synthetic wavelength, the anti-noise performance of the MLPA method will sharply decrease. To address this issue, we propose a noise-resistance MLPA method (NR-MLPA).

Domino (2 + 3) Cycloaddition/Self-Oxidation Reaction of S(IV) Intermediates α-Keto Sulfines with Thioureas for Access to Bisthiazole-5-yl Disulfides.

This paper presents a novel, environmentally friendly, and efficient method for the construction of new thiazole disulfide skeletons via a domino formal (2 + 3) cycloaddition/self-oxidation reaction. Compared to previously reported methods, this approach offers several advantages, including eco-friendly solvents, mild reaction conditions, and a wide range of applicable substrates. We successfully synthesized a variety of thiazole disulfides with promising potential applications including their use in the late-stage functionalization of pharmaceuticals and natural products.

[Biomechanical study and clinical application of two osteotomy guide methods in media open wedge high tibial osteotomy operation].

Objective: To explore the effectiveness and feasibility of two osteotomy guides in medial open wedge high tibial osteotomy (MOWHTO).

Methods: Clinical data of 103 patients who underwent routine MOWHTO surgery between January 2020 and December 2022 were collected for retrospective analysis. The patients were divided into two groups based on the method of osteotomy guide plate.

FDX1 facilitates elesclomol-induced cuproptosis and promotes glioblastoma development via transcription factor NFKB1.

Ferredoxin 1 (FDX1) played a key role in mediating elesclomol-induced cuproptosis against cancer cells. Although previous studies revealed its prognostic significance and regulatory effect on immune responses in glioblastoma, the underlying mechanisms by which FDX1 modulating tumor progression and cuproptosis remained unclear. In this study, FDX1 was either overexpressed or knocked down in glioblastoma cells.

PIEZO1-GPX4 Axis Mediates Mechanical Stress-Induced Vertebral Growth Plate Dysplasia via Ferroptosis Activation.

Current scientific consensus acknowledges mechanical stress, particularly compressive loading, as a critical contributor to the pathogenesis of vertebral growth plate disorders (VGPD), though the precise molecular mechanisms remain incompletely understood. This study establishes PIEZO1 as a mechanosensitive ion channel central to compressive stress responses. These findings demonstrate that PIEZO1 upregulation disrupts GPX4 signaling, thereby amplifying ferroptosis in vertebral growth plate chondrocytes and accelerating pathological ossification.

KIF4A Inhibits Ferroptosis in Glioblastoma via the CHMP4B/GPX4 Axis and Promotes Temozolomide Resistance.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most malignant primary brain tumor in adults. Temozolomide (TMZ) stands for the first-line chemotherapeutic agent against GBM. TMZ resistance is an important factor contributing to the poor prognosis of GBM, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are unclear.

Amlodipine synergizes with temozolomide against glioma stem cells by modulating MGMT expression through downregulation of the AKT/GSK3β/β-catenin axis.

Temozolomide (TMZ) is the primary chemotherapeutic agent used for the treatment of glioblastoma. However, the high chemoresistance observed in glioblastoma remains a significant clinical challenge, which is associated with the repair of DNA alkylation sites by O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT). Exploring new strategies to enhance the tumoricidal activity of TMZ against chemoresistant glioma stem cells (GSCs), is crucial for improving patient outcomes.

Ultrasound-guided modified thoracoabdominal nerve block for postoperative analgesia in laparoscopic renal cyst decompression: a randomized double-blind controlled trial.

Background: Laparoscopic renal cyst decompression (LRCD) is a common procedure in urology, but postoperative pain remains a significant challenge. While regional nerve blocks provide more targeted pain relief, there is no universally accepted pain management strategy for LRCD. The ultrasound-guided modified thoracoabdominal nerve block (M-TAPA) may offer effective analgesia by blocking the anterior and lateral branches of the intercostal nerves (T5-T12).

Pyrolysis Kinetic and Radical Mechanisms of Hyperbranched Polyamidoamine, a Macroinitiator for Endothermic Hydrocarbon Fuels.

This study investigates the thermal control management of hypersonic aircraft using endothermic hydrocarbon fuel with regenerative cooling properties. It focuses on the nitrogen-containing macroinitiator hyperbranched polyamidoamine (HPAM), modified to create an oil-soluble derivative, polyamide-amine (PPAM). Various thermal analysis methods, particularly thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), are employed to examine PPAM's thermochemical behavior during pyrolysis.

Effect of electroacupuncture stimulation combined with the enhanced recovery after surgery regimen on motor function recovery following total knee arthroplasty.

Objective: To explore the effect of electroacupuncture stimulation combined with the enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) regimen on the recovery of motor function after total knee arthroplasty (TKA).

Method: In total, 100 patients with osteoarthritis who were undergoing primary TKA were prospectively included in this study. They were divided into a study group and a control group, with 50 patients in each group.

Synergistic degradation of norfloxacin by a nano zero-valent iron-monopersulfate system: Performance, degradation mechanism and pathway.

In this study, nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) was synthesized and used as an activator for monopersulfate (PMS) to remove norfloxacin (NOR) in water. The degradation rate of NOR reached 99 % under the optimum conditions in the pH range of 3.0-9.

3D-printed titanium vertebra in the treatment of cervical spondylotic myelopathy: A comparative analysis of perioperative, radiographic, and clinical outcomes.

Objective: Anterior cervical corpectomy and fusion (ACCF) using a titanium mesh cage (TMC) is associated with a high rate of subsidence. This study aims to evaluate the potential advantages of utilizing 3D-printed titanium vertebrae as an alternative to TMC in ACCF procedures.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients who underwent ACCF at our hospital between March 2017 and June 2023.

Development and validation of prognostic nomogram for overall survival in canine multicentric lymphoma: a retrospective study.

This study aimed to develop and validate prognostic nomogram for predicting 3-month, 6-month, and 12-month overall survival in canine multicentric lymphoma. A total of 163 cases from January 2019 to December 2024 were used as a training set, and 50 cases from January 2017 to January 2019 served as a validation set. Predictors were identified using LASSO regression and univariate/multivariate Cox regression analyses, leading to the development of the nomogram: ATRAS2, incorporating age, red blood cell count at diagnosis, changes in red blood cell count after chemotherapy, and albumin-to-globulin ratio.

Metabolic characteristics of catechin (monomeric flavan-3-ols), B-type linkage flavan-3-ols and A-type linkage flavan-3-ols revealed by un-targeted and targeted metabolomics.

Flavan-3-ols are one of the most abundant dietary polyphenols, and their absorption and metabolism are vital to their healthy effect, so it is urgent to understand the metabolic characteristics of different configurations and degree of polymerizations (DPs). In this study our aim was to investigate urinary and feces excretion of flavan-3-ols to reveal their metabolism. Catechin (monomer), epicatechin-(4β-8)-catechin (B-type-dimer), epicatechin -(2β-O-7,4β-8)-catechin (A-type-dimer), and epicatechin-(4β-6)-epicatechin-(2β-O-7,4β-8)-catechin (A-type-trimer) were administered to mice.

A rare IDH-Mutant glioma case: insights from single-cell transcriptomic analysis of tumor recurrences.

Background: Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutations are associated with better prognosis and longer survival in gliomas. In contrast, multifocal glioma is a rare intracranial tumor, primarily affecting middle-aged and elderly individuals. While recurrence is common due to the complex tumor microenvironment, cellular heterogeneity, and clonal evolution, multifocal recurrence originating from an initially unifocal, low-grade glioma has been rarely reported.

A multiregional multimodal machine learning model for predicting outcome of surgery for symptomatic hemorrhagic brainstem cavernous malformations.

Objective: Given that resection of brainstem cavernous malformations (BSCMs) ends hemorrhaging but carries a high risk of neurological deficits, it is necessary to develop and validate a model predicting surgical outcomes. This study aimed to construct a BSCM surgery outcome prediction model based on clinical characteristics and T2-weighted MRI-based radiomics.

Methods: Two separate cohorts of patients undergoing BSCM resection were included as discovery and validation sets.

Switchable THz Bi-Functional Device for Absorption and Dual-Band Linear-to-Circular Polarization Conversion Based on Vanadium Dioxide-Graphene.

This academic paper proposes a terahertz (THz) device featuring dynamic adjustability. This device relies on composite metamaterials made of graphene and vanadium dioxide (). By integrating the electrically adjustable traits of graphene with the phase transition attributes of , the suggested metamaterial device can achieve both broadband absorption and dual-band linear-to-circular polarization conversion (LCPC) in the terahertz frequency range.

Unveiling the role of NAD glycohydrolase CD38 in aging and age-related diseases: insights from bibliometric analysis and comprehensive review.

Background: CD38, a glycoprotein with a single transmembrane structure, is extensively found in erythrocytes, immune cells, and endothelial cells. Primarily located on cell membranes, it plays a critical role in metabolizing nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), thereby maintaining NAD homeostasis . As a vital coenzyme, NAD is involved in numerous biological processes, including energy metabolism, apoptosis, and DNA repair.

Antitumor/anti-inflammatory effects/tissue healing as an all-in-one therapeutic strategy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is one of the most prevalent cancers in the head and neck region. The development of innovative therapies that are effective at eliminating tumors while minimizing damage to surrounding normal tissues due to postoperative complications is crucial. To solve this problem, a gelatin-sodium alginate (Gel-SA) hydrogel containing bismuth selenide nanosheets (BiSe NSs) has been developed, which introduces a "switch" of near-infrared (NIR) light for photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT) to significantly increase the level of oxidative stress while inducing ferroptosis and apoptosis to synergistically treat tumors.