MLG: a mixed local and global model for brain tumor classification.

Introduction: Brain tumors seriously endanger human health. Therefore, accurately identifying the types of brain tumors and adopting corresponding treatment methods is of vital importance, which is of great significance for saving patients' lives. The use of computer-aided systems (CAD) for the differentiation of brain tumors has proved to be a reliable scheme.

Dual Targeting of Inflammatory and Immune Checkpoint Pathways to Overcome Radiotherapy Resistance in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is characterized by chronic inflammation, immune evasion, and resistance to RT. Inflammatory pathways such as nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) promote tumor progression and reduce radiosensitivity. RT activates pro-inflammatory cytokines and upregulates immune checkpoints including programmed death 1 (PD-1) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4), which contribute to immune suppression and treatment failure.

Artesunate Mitigates Sepsis-Induced Acute Kidney Injury via Lactate/AMPK/mTOR-Regulated Autophagy Based on Multi-Omics.

Background: Sepsis-induced acute kidney injury (S-AKI) is a form of acute renal failure resulting from a systemic inflammatory response triggered by infection, and has emerged as a significant public health challenge. Prior studies have demonstrated that artesunate (ART) exerts therapeutic effects on S-AKI by mitigating inflammation and oxidative stress. However, the precise regulatory mechanisms remain to be fully elucidated.

PLAGL2 as a prognostic biomarker and an EMT-promoting factor in PDAC.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), the most prevalent form of pancreatic malignancy, is characterized by its aggressive nature and high mortality rate, with a 5-year survival rate in China of only 9.9%. Polymorphic adenoma gene-like 2 (PLAGL2) has been implicated in the development of various digestive tract tumors, including hepatocellular carcinoma, gastric carcinoma, and colorectal carcinoma, and it influences tumor progression through multiple pathways.

Deciphering lactate metabolism in colorectal cancer: Prognostic modeling, immune infiltration, and gene mutation insights.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a major global health burden due to its high incidence and mortality, with treatment efficacy often hindered by tumor heterogeneity, drug resistance, and a complex tumor microenvironment (TME). Lactate metabolism plays a pivotal role in reshaping the TME, promoting immune evasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition, making it a promising target for novel therapeutic strategies and prognostic modeling in CRC.

Aim: To offer an in-depth analysis of the role of lactate metabolism in CRC, highlighting its significance in the TME and therapeutic response.

Investigating podophyllotoxin-induced cardiotoxicity in rats by Toxicological Evidence Chain (TEC): Focus on the Akt1/Srebp-1c/PUFAs axis.

Podophyllotoxin, an efficacious constituent derived from the traditional Chinese medicine Dysosma versipellis, exhibits antitumor properties; however, its toxicity limits clinical application. This study, based on the Toxicological Evidence Chain (TEC), employs metabolomics and lipidomics approaches to investigate the mechanisms underlying its cardiotoxicity. Injury phenotype evidence (IPE) was obtained through observation of the rats' external phenotypes, including coat condition, body weight, fecal characteristics, mental status, and presence of bleeding.

P2X7R activation promotes ferroptosis in dopaminergic neurons via NF-κB signaling pathway in vitro and in vivo models of MPP/MPTP-induced Parkinson's disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons (DNs). The role of purinergic receptor P2X ligand-gated ion channel 7 (P2X7R) in mediating neuroinflammation and cell death in PD has attracted increasing research attention. Therefore, we conducted studies in the MPP-induced PD cellular model and the MPTP-induced PD animal model to assess P2X7R regulates ferroptosis through the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway and thereby affects the PD process.

A systems immunology perspective on gout pathogenesis and its precision-targeted treatment strategies.

Gouty arthritis (GA) is a sterile inflammatory disease driven by monosodium urate (MSU) crystal deposition, which activates innate and adaptive immune responses. Key mechanisms involve NLRP3 inflammasome activation, cytokine release (IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6), and dysregulated autophagy, positioning GA at the intersection of metabolic and autoimmune disorders. While conventional therapies (colchicine, NSAIDs) remain first-line, their limitations in refractory cases have spurred the development of biologic agents targeting pro-inflammatory pathways.

Comparative analysis of extraperitoneal versus transabdominal cesarean sections: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials and systematic review.

Objective: The objective of this study is to systematically evaluate the efficacy of Extraperitoneal Cesarean Section (ECS) compared to Transabdominal Cesarean Section (TCS) in pregnant women, and to assess the differences in treatment outcomes between the two surgical approaches.

Approach And Techniques: We conducted an extensive literature search, pulling up the most recent findings from reputable sources like the Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMBASE, Google Scholar, and Web of Science, all the way up to October 2024. Our meta-analysis comprised seven randomized controlled trials.

Epidemiology and Molecular Drug-Resistance Patterns of Tuberculosis in Non-Elderly Patients in Luoyang, China, 2019-2023.

Purpose: Existing data offer limited guidance on TB control strategies for the non-elderly population, hampering effective epidemic management. This study aimed to analyze TB transmission and molecular resistance profiles among non-elderly patients (<60 years) in Luoyang City.

Patients And Methods: From 2019-2023, 24,706 non-duplicate sputum samples from 10 TB-designated hospitals were tested for  (MTBC) via IS6110-targeted real-time PCR.

Mechanistic Insights and Anti-cancer Activity of 2H-benzo[b][1,4]oxazin-3(4H)-one Linked 1,2,3-Triazoles in Human Cancer Cells.

A series of 2H-benzo[b][1,4] oxazin-3(4H)-one derivatives linked to 1,2,3-triazoles were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their anticancer activity in several human cancer cell lines, including A549 (lung), Huh7 (liver), MCF-7 (breast), HCT-116 (colon), and SKOV3 (ovary). Cell viability assays revealed that these compounds exhibited the most potent activity against A549 cells. Among them, compounds 14b and 14c demonstrated the strongest inhibitory effects, with IC values of 7.

Mechanistic insights into the renoprotective effects of artesunate in cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a severe clinical syndrome marked by rapid renal function decline. Cisplatin (Cis) is a commonly used chemotherapy agent; however, its clinical application has been restricted due to its nephrotoxicity. Artesunate (ART), derived from Artemisia annua, has potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.

An iPSC-derived CD19/BCMA CAR-NK therapy in a patient with systemic sclerosis.

This study reports the first-in-human application of iPSC-derived CD19/BCMA dual-targeting chimeric antigen receptor-natural killer (CAR-NK) cells (QN-139b) in a patient with severe, diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis. The allogeneic product was genetically edited for reduced alloreactivity and improved in vivo performance, with no structural chromosomal abnormalities detected. The treatment led to significant B cell depletion with minimal toxicity, similar to CAR T cell therapy.

PAM-free hairpin target binding activates trans-cleavage activity of Cas12a.

CRISPR-Cas12a has been demonstrated to be activated for its trans-cleavage activity by single- and double-stranded DNA containing a protospacer adjacent motif (PAM), but other types of activators have remained undiscovered. In this work, we found that a hairpin-structured substrate can activate the trans-cleavage activity of Cas12a without a PAM, and the parameters of the hairpin loop obviously affect the activity. Cas12a exhibits sequence preference for proximal loops, preferring to recognize polyadenine hairpin loop activators.

Association of neutrophil/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio with the cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome and its cardiovascular mortality.

Background: Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome is a novel multi-system disease defined by the American Heart Association (AHA). This study aims to investigate the associations between the neutrophil/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHR) and CKM syndrome and its association with cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality.

Methods: The data for this study were derived from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted from 2005 to 2018 and the National Death Index (NDI) database.

Contribution of Interleukin-1 Receptor-Associated Kinase 1 Gene Polymorphism to Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in Chinese Patients.

Introduction: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune condition distinguished by a wide range of clinical manifestations and numerous genetic predisposition factors. The aim of the current study was to analyze the association between the IRAK1 polymorphisms (rs3027898 and rs1059702) and SLE in a Chinese cohort.

Patients And Methods: A total of 150 SLE patients and 168 healthy controls of Chinese ethnicity were included in this study.

Association of HLA-G 14-bp Insertion/Deletion Polymorphism With Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion: A Meta-Analysis.

We performed a meta-analysis to study the relationship between HLA-G 14-bp insertion/deletion polymorphism and recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA). All literature was searched from PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and Wanfang databases. Statistical analyses were performed by the STATA software (Version 16.

pH-Responsive bimetallic MOF nanoparticles enable triple-synergistic radiosensitization for enhanced radiotherapy.

Radiotherapy (RT) faces hypoxia-induced radioresistance, as oxygen-deficient tumor regions limit reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Current hypoxia-targeting strategies (, prodrugs, nanocarriers) struggle with inefficient delivery, off-target effects, and clinical translation barriers, necessitating advanced oxygenation or hypoxia-specific radiosensitization approaches. Herein, we developed pH-responsive BM-DOX@BSA nanoparticles (NPs) using a solvothermal method.

Efficacy and Safety of Ivarmacitinib, a Selective JAK1 Inhibitor, in Patients With Active Ankylosing Spondylitis: Results From an Adaptive Seamless Phase 2/3 Trial.

Objective: This randomized, double-blind, adaptive phase 2/3 trial aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ivarmacitinib, a novel selective JAK1 inhibitor, in patients with active ankylosing spondylitis (AS).

Methods: In phase 2, patients were randomized (1:1:1:1) to receive ivarmacitinib at a dose of 2, 4, or 8 mg or placebo once daily for 12 weeks. Based on interim analysis, ivarmacitinib 4 mg was selected as the recommended dose.

Identification and genomic characterization of Enterobacter kobei ST56 co-carrying mcr-9, bla, and bla resistance genes.

Objectives: This study reports the complete genome sequence of Enterobacter kobei (E. kobei) L5089hy of ST56 isolated from China, carrying mcr-9, bla, and bla. It aims to investigate its molecular characteristics and antibiotic resistance mechanisms.

Improved management of hospital-acquired infections with DRG-based payment system: an interrupted time‑series analysis.

Background: While diagnosis-related group (DRG) payment system has been shown to improve healthcare quality and reduce costs in high-income countries, its effectiveness in developing countries, particularly in terms of hospital-acquired infection (HAI) management, remains unclear.

Methods: HAI surveillance data were collected from nine public hospitals in Zhejiang province, China, that implemented the DRG system in 2020. Changes in HAI incidence rates following DRG adoption were assessed using interrupted time-series analysis with a generalized additive model, covering the period from January 2016 to September 2023.

Mazdutide, a dual agonist targeting GLP-1R and GCGR, mitigates diabetes-associated cognitive dysfunction: mechanistic insights from multi-omics analysis.

Background: Cognitive impairment and dementia are highly associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Recent studies have demonstrated that GLP-1 receptor agonists can improve cognitive function through brain activation in patients with T2DM, compared to other oral glucose-lowering drugs. Mazdutide, a dual agonist of the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) and the glucagon receptor (GCGR), has been shown to simultaneously reduce body weight, blood glucose levels, and other comorbidities associated with obesity in patients with T2DM.

Association of neutrophil to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio with overactive bladder: a population-based study.

Background: Inflammation is involved in the progression of overactive bladder (OAB). This study aimed to investigate the association between the neutrophil to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHR) and OAB.

Methods: Data from seven cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2005 to 2018 were analyzed to examine the relationship between NHR and OAB.