Advances in Research on Monogenic Hereditary Hypertension.

Hypertension is one of the most significant preventable health risk factors globally. Among its various forms, monogenic hypertension, although rare, warrants attention. As awareness of monogenic hypertension grows within both the public and medical communities, research efforts are intensifying.

Assessment of docosahexaenoic acid's preventive efficacy against unconjugated bilirubin neurotoxicity through MRP1 protein expression.

Objective: Jaundice in neonates promotes unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia (UCB), which causes neurological disorders, and its management remains a challenge. This study evaluated the protective effect of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) against UCB-induced neurotoxicity.

Method: Astrocyte cell lines were prepared and separated into four different groups: SAL group; DHA group treated with 50 µM DHA; UCB group treated with 50 µM UCB; and UCB + DHA group treated with 50 µM UCB along with 50 µM DHA.

Mechanisms of podophyllotoxin-induced enterotoxicity: A multi-omics integration of gut microbiota, short-chain fatty acids, and inflammatory mediators.

Podophyllotoxin (PPT), a lignan extracted from the roots and stems of Podophyllum species, exhibits significant enterotoxicity that limits its clinical application. However, its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying PPT-induced enterotoxicity.

2-1,4-Benzoxazin-3(4)-one linked 1,2,3-triazole derivatives and their study on inducing DNA damage in tumor cells.

This study explores the anticancer potential of rigid planar compounds capable of intercalating into tumor cell DNA, thereby inducing DNA damage and subsequent cell death. A novel series of compounds () were synthesized using 2-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4)-one as the planar core structure, with 1,2,3-triazole groups introduced at the 7-position. Biological evaluation across multiple human tumor cell lines revealed that several c-series compounds exhibited notable inhibitory activity against Huh-7 liver cancer cells, with IC values of 28.

The key enzyme PYCR1 in proline metabolism: a dual driver of cancer progression and fibrotic remodeling.

Pyrroline-5-Carboxylate Reductase 1 (PYCR1), a member of the PYCR family, is a key enzyme in the proline biosynthesis pathway. Notably, PYCR1 was originally identified via genetic disease research, linking its mutations to the occurrence of cutis laxa. PYCR1 contributes to the pathogenesis of malignancies and fibrotic diseases via mechanisms involving metabolic reprogramming, Extracellular Matrix (ECM) remodelling, and redox homeostasis maintenance.

Dysbiosis of gut and urinary microbiota in urolithiasis patients and post-surgical cases.

Background: Research on the microbial roles in urolithiasis primarily focuses on the intestinal microbiota. This study analyzed urine and fecal samples from three cohorts: healthy controls (Control), patients with urinary stones (US), and postoperative patients (PS). We conducted 16S rRNA sequencing analysis to evaluate the variations in microbial communities among these groups during urinary stone production and therapy processes.

Stress hyperglycemia ratio and incident hypertension in chinese middle-aged and older adults: mediating roles of lipids in a prospective cohort.

Background: Although dysglycemia and dyslipidemia contribute to hypertension, the role of stress hyperglycemia ratio (SHR), a dynamic glycemic marker, and its interaction with lipids remain unclear. Currently, the independent and synergistic effects of these factors on hypertension in older adults have not been fully elucidated in a large cohort. This study investigated the SHR-lipid interplay and quantified the mediating pathways, addressing a critical gap in understanding the metabolic drivers of hypertension.

A novel residual network based on multidimensional attention and pinwheel convolution for brain tumor classification.

Early and accurate brain tumor classification is vital for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Although Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are widely used in medical image analysis, they often struggle to focus on critical information adequately and have limited feature extraction capabilities. To address these challenges, this study proposes a novel Residual Network based on Multi-dimensional Attention and Pinwheel Convolution (Res-MAPNet) for Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) based brain tumor classification.

Blood transfusion mediated tumor microenvironment remodeling in breast cancer.

Blood transfusions play a critical role in breast cancer management, particularly in addressing perioperative blood loss and chemotherapy-induced anemia. However, emerging evidence suggests that transfusions may adversely affect oncologic outcomes by inducing transfusion-related immunomodulation (TRIM) and altering the tumor microenvironment (TME). TRIM suppresses cytotoxic immune responses, potentially facilitating tumor progression-especially in aggressive subtypes such as triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and HER2-positive cancers.

Understanding the risk of diabetic retinopathy from glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists: a Mendelian randomization study and systematic review of European populations.

Background: Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) are extensively prescribed to treat obesity and diabetes. However, previous studies have debated whether GLP-1RA use induces diabetic retinopathy (DR) in diabetic populations, and the relationship between the two is unclear.

Methods: Cis-expressed quantitative trait locus data (Cis-eQTL) in blood tissue were used to extract single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as a genetic proxy tool.

Composite dietary antioxidant index and HPV infection from single and mixed associations to SHAP-interpreted machine learning predictions.

Background: Some studies have shown that dietary antioxidants may prevent the occurrence of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection. However, the relationship between the composite dietary antioxidant index (CDAI) and HPV infection among adult women in the United States remains unknown.

Methods: Participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) during 2003-2016 were included.

Genetic variants of Toll-like receptor 9 are associated with susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus in Han Chinese female patients.

Background: Variations in the TLR9 gene have been associated with several autoimmune disorders, but the relationship between TLR9 polymorphisms and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) remains controversial. This study aims to evaluate the potential association between three single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the TLR9 gene and susceptibility to SLE in the Han Chinese female population.

Methods: A total of 150 SLE patients and 151 healthy controls of Han Chinese ethnicity were enrolled.

Ultrasound-Targeted Nanobubbles Codelivering NKP-1339 and miR-142-5p for Synergistic Mitochondrial Immunogenic Cell Death and PD-L1 Inhibition in Cancer Therapy.

The combination of chemical immunotherapy and gene therapy holds great promise for malignant tumor treatment. Here, we developed an ultrasound-targeted liposome nanobubbles system (NKP-1339/miR-142-NBs) for precise codelivery of drugs and genes to treat esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) with ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction (UTMD). This study systematically investigated the system's therapeutic mechanisms-including mitochondrial dysfunction induction, immunogenic cell death (ICD), and antitumor immune activation-alongside its pharmacokinetics and targeting efficiency.

Cyclic Amplified Programmable Allosteric DNA Biosensor for Enzyme-Triggered Spatially Controlled Mitochondrial Molecular Imaging.

The abnormal localization of mitochondrial human apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1) is closely associated with tumor progression, prognosis, and drug resistance. While APE1 can localize to both the cytoplasm and nucleus as well as mitochondria. Consequently, the design of approaches with controllable localization for imaging of mitochondrial APE1 is particularly challenging.

Depression mediates the association between lipid accumulation products and overactive bladder.

The relationship between lipid accumulation products (LAP) and overactive bladder (OAB) has not been explored. This study aims to investigate the relationship between LAP and OAB and the mediating role of depression. Data from seven cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2005 to 2018 were used to analyze the relationship between LAP and OAB.

Global trends and future predictions of gastrointestinal ulcers in youth.

Background: By analyzing past disease trends and comparing two time series statistical models, we can predict the global burden of gastrointestinal ulcers in specific populations of adolescents and young adults aged 10-24. This prediction can provide important references for optimizing prevention and control strategies in healthcare systems.

Methods: We collected data on prevalence, incidence, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and mortality for specific age groups between 10 and 24 years from 1990 to 2019.

Dexmedetomidine attenuates oxaliplatin-induced neuropathic pain by modulating the TLR4/NF-κB pathway to reduce spinal inflammation and oxidative stress.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effects of Dexmedetomidine (Dex) on oxaliplatin-induced neuropathic pain and its underlying mechanisms.

Methods: A murine model of oxaliplatin-induced neuropathic pain was established using intraperitoneal injections of oxaliplatin. Dex was administered at different doses, and behavioral tests were performed to assess pain.

Triglyceride glucose-body mass index is associated with diabetic kidney disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients without non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Aim: The triglyceride glucose-body mass index (TyG-BMI) is correlated not only to the onset of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) associated with nutrition (including glucose and triglyceride) metabolism but also incorporates body mass index (BMI), potentially serving as an indicator of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). But, the links between TyG-BMI and DKD in individuals with and without NAFLD remains further exploration. Therefore, this present research aims to investigate the relationship between TyG-BMI and DKD in these patient groups and to evaluate its diagnostic value for DKD.

Irradiation Stents Versus Conventional Stents for Unresectable Malignant Hilar Biliary Obstruction: A Retrospective Study.

Background: Implantation of irradiation stents demonstrates superiority over conventional metal stents in terms of stent patency and survival for patients with distal malignant biliary obstruction. Here, we aimed to explore the efficacy and advantages of irradiation stents compared with conventional metal stents in patients with unresectable malignant hilar biliary obstruction (MHBO).

Method: Unresectable MHBO patients treated with irradiation stents (IS group) were prospectively enrolled and followed up, and patients treated with conventional stents (CS group) were retrospectively enrolled by propensity score matching.

Association of cardiometabolic index with all-cause and cause-specific mortality among U.S. adult population: A longitudinal cohort study.

Currently, although some studies have explored the association between the cardiometabolic index (CMI) and mortality, for the adult population in the United States, detailed and systematic research on the link between CMI and both all-cause and cause-specific mortality remains insufficient. This study included a general population of 12,845 individuals with complete data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005 to 2018. Mortality data were extracted from the National Death Index up to December 31, 2019.

Breaking immune evasion in breast cancer by targeting COX-2/PGE2 pathway.

The cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)/prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) pathway plays a pivotal role in breast cancer (BC) progression by promoting immune suppression, tumor growth, and metastasis. PGE2 mediates these effects through EP receptors (EP1-EP4), suppressing anti-tumor immunity while fostering an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). This includes the recruitment and activation of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), dendritic cells (DCs), cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), and regulatory T cells (Tregs), ultimately impairing cytotoxic T lymphocyte and natural killer (NK) cell function.

Male breast cancer following complete remission of acute myeloid leukemia: A case report and literature review.

Introduction: Male breast cancer (MBC) is a rare clinical entity. The concurrent development of MBC and leukemia is particularly rare.

Presentation Of Case: A 51-year-old male patient developed MBC following a 14-year complete remission of acute myeloid leukemia (AML).

Functional metabolomics: unlocking the role of small molecular metabolites.

Metabolomics is an expanding field dedicated to elucidating metabolic disorders by analyzing endogenous small molecules in biological samples. With the rapid advancement of metabolomics, researchers are investigating the influence of metabolites on metabolic phenotypes. The emergence of functional metabolomics provides a methodological framework to address this issue.

Impact of free provision of disinfectant wipes combined with bundle management on the prevention of multi-drug resistant organism infections in the respiratory and intensive care unit.

Objective: To explore the role of free provision of disinfectant wipes combined with bundle management in preventing Multi-Drug Resistant Organism (MDRO) infections in the Respiratory and Intensive Care Unit (RICU).

Methods: This study included patients admitted to the RICU between January 2022 and June 2023 (control group) and from July 2023 to June 2024 (intervention group), all of whom met the inclusion criteria. The control group received standard bundle management measures, while the intervention group received unlimited use of disinfectant wipes combined with bundle management.

Decreases in Hormone Levels Modulate Neurovascular Coupling but Not Reduced Insular Functional Connectivity in Menstrual-Related Migraine.

Menstrual-related migraine (MRM) is a neurovascular disorder associated with decreased sex hormone levels. The menstrual cycle influences both cerebrovascular function and functional brain connectivity, with accumulating evidence linking migraine to altered connectivity, particularly in the insula. However, the neuropathological mechanisms underlying MRM during the menstrual cycle remain poorly understood.