Mechanisms of podophyllotoxin-induced enterotoxicity: A multi-omics integration of gut microbiota, short-chain fatty acids, and inflammatory mediators.

Podophyllotoxin (PPT), a lignan extracted from the roots and stems of Podophyllum species, exhibits significant enterotoxicity that limits its clinical application. However, its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying PPT-induced enterotoxicity.

Neurovascular structure-adjacent frozen-section examination vs. standard robot-assisted radical prostatectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of two-arm comparative studies on functional and oncological outcomes.

The precise balance between nerve preservation and tumor control during robot-assisted prostatectomy remains a clinical challenge. The NeuroSAFE technique can guide secondary resection through intraoperative real-time frozen pathology, but its overall value for perioperative safety and oncological and functional prognosis is still a matter of debate. The objective of this study was to carry out a systematic evaluation of the impact of NeuroSAFE technology on perioperative safety and functional and oncological outcomes.

Mechanisms of congenital hearing loss caused by GJB2 gene mutations and current progress in gene therapy.

GJB2 gene is a common pathogenic gene for non-syndromic hearing loss, located on chromosome 13q12.11, and primarily encodes connexin 26 (Cx26). Cx26, a member of the gap-junction protein family, is mainly expressed in the supporting cells of the cochlea, where it is responsible for intercellular material transfer and signal exchange.

Recent advances in the construction strategy, functional properties, and biosensing application of self-assembled triangular unit-based DNA nanostructures.

Research on self-assembled deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) nanostructures with different shapes, sizes, and functions has recently made rapid progress owing to its biocompatibility, programmability, and stability. Among these, triangular unit-based DNA nanostructures, which are typically multi-arm DNA tiles, have been widely applied because of their unique structural rigidity, spatial flexibility, and cell permeability. Triangular unit-based DNA nanostructures are folded from multiple single-stranded DNA using the principle of complementary base pairing.

Assembly of a multivalent aptamer for efficient inhibition of thermostable direct hemolysin toxicity induced by Vibrio parahaemolyticus.

Thermostable direct hemolysin (TDH) is a key virulence factor of Vibrio parahaemolyticus, capable of causing seafood-mediated outbreaks of gastroenteritis, posing a threat to the aquatic environment and global public health. In the present study, we explored a multivalent aptamer-mediated inhibition strategy to mitigate TDH toxicity. Based on the characteristic structure of TDH, a stable multivalent aptamer, Ap3-5, was rationally designed by truncation, key fragment evolution, and end fixation.

Discovery and design of an aptamer that inhibits Shiga toxin type 2 activity by blocking Stx2 B subunit-Gb3 interaction.

Shiga toxin (Stx) is the definitive virulence factor of Stx-producing Escherichia coli. This bacterial pathogen can contaminate food and threaten human health. Binding of the B subunit of Stx to the specific receptor globotriaosylceramide (Gb3) on the cell membrane is a key step for Stx to enter cells and exert its toxicity.

Impact of nutritional support on immunity, nutrition, inflammation, and outcomes in elderly gastric cancer patients after surgery.

Background: Postoperative rehabilitation of elderly patients with gastric cancer has always been the focus of clinical attention. Whether the intervention by a full-course nutritional support team can have a positive impact on the postoperative immune function, nutritional status, inflammatory response, and clinical outcomes of this special population has not yet been fully verified.

Aim: To evaluate the impact of full-course nutritional support on postoperative comprehensive symptoms in elderly patients with gastric cancer.

Dual-mode aptasensor based on P-CeONR@Mxene and exonuclease I-assisted target recycling for malachite green detection.

Malachite green (MG) has been illicitly employed in aquaculture as a parasiticide, however, its teratogenic and carcinogenic effects pose a significant human health threat. Herein, a dual-mode colorimetric and electrochemical aptasensor was fabricated for MG detection, capitalizing on the robust catalytic and peroxidase-like activity of P-CeONR@Mxene and good capture efficiency of a tetrahedral DNA nanostructure (TDN) designed with multiple aptamers (m-TDN). P-CeONR@Mxene-modified complementary DNA (cDNA) served as both colorimetric and electrochemical probe.

Deafness-associated tRNA mutation impaired mitochondrial and cellular integrity.

Defects in mitochondrial RNA metabolism have been linked to sensorineural deafness that often occurs as a consequence of damaged or deficient inner ear hair cells. In this report, we investigated the molecular mechanism underlying a deafness-associated tRNA 593T > C mutation that changed a highly conserved uracil to cytosine at position 17 of the DHU-loop. The m.

Rational Design of a Robust G-Quadruplex Aptamer as an Inhibitor to Alleviate Infection.

is one of the most invasive foodborne pathogens that cause listeriosis, making it imperative to explore novel inhibiting strategies for alleviating its infection. The adhesion and invasion of within host cells are partly orchestrated by an invasin protein internalin A (InlA), which facilitates bacterial passage by interacting with the host cell E-cadherin (E-Cad). Hence, in this work, we proposed an aptamer blocking strategy by binding to the region on InlA that directly mediated E-Cad receptor engagement, thereby alleviating infection.

Depression, anxiety and brain volume after hearing loss and tinnitus: cohort study in the UK Biobank.

Background: Hearing loss and tinnitus have been proposed as potential indicators of impaired mental health and brain morphological changes.

Aims: To assess the associations of hearing loss and tinnitus with the risk of depression and anxiety and with brain volume.

Method: We conducted a community-based cohort study including 129 610 participants aged 40-69 years at recruitment to the UK Biobank with a follow-up period during 2006-2021 to estimate the risk of depression and anxiety after detection of hearing loss and reported tinnitus.

The Efficacy and Safety of Celecoxib in Addition to Standard Cancer Therapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

The purpose of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of celecoxib, a selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor, in addition to standard anticancer therapy. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluated the efficacy and safety of celecoxib-combined cancer therapy were systematically searched in PubMed and Embase databases. The endpoints were overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), disease-free survival (DFS), objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), pathological complete response (pCR), and adverse events (AEs).

Survival landscape of different tumor regression grades and pathologic complete response in rectal cancer after neoadjuvant therapy based on reconstructed individual patient data.

Background: Neoadjuvant therapy can lead to different tumor regression grades (TRG) in rectal cancer after neoadjuvant therapy. The purposes of this study are to investigate the relationships among TRG, pathologic complete response (pCR) and long-term survival, on the basis of reconstructed individual patient data (IPD).

Methods: The PubMed, Embase, Ovid and Cochrane CENTRAL databases were searched.

Erratum: MicroRNA-1258: An invasion and metastasis regulator that targets heparanase in gastric cancer.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.

Postoperative Adjuvant Treatment Strategy for Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer after Neoadjuvant Treatment.

Background: Neoadjuvant (chemo) radiotherapy is used as a standard treatment for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC), but there is no general consensus on either the efficacy of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with LARC after neoadjuvant treatment and surgery, or whether the addition of oxaliplatin to adjuvant chemotherapy provides survival benefits.

Methods: We performed a meta-analysis of data from the PubMed and Embase databases. We included patients with LARC who received neoadjuvant (chemo) radiotherapy and curative surgery.

The platelet to lymphocyte ratio is a potential inflammatory marker predicting the effects of adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with stage II colorectal cancer.

Background: The effects of adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with stage II colorectal cancer (CRC) has been in controversy for a long time. Our study aimed to find an effective inflammatory marker to predict the effects of chemotherapy.

Methods: Seven hundred eight stage II CRC patients in our institution were included.

The tRNA-Derived Fragment-3017A Promotes Metastasis by Inhibiting NELL2 in Human Gastric Cancer.

tRNA-derived fragments (tRFs) are a new classification of small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs) derived from the specific cleavage of precursors and mature tRNAs. Accumulating recent evidence has shown that tRFs are frequently abnormal in several cancers. Nevertheless, the role of tRFs in gastric cancer and its mechanism remain unclear.

tRFTars: predicting the targets of tRNA-derived fragments.

Background: tRNA-derived fragments (tRFs) are 14-40-nucleotide-long, small non-coding RNAs derived from specific tRNA cleavage events with key regulatory functions in many biological processes. Many studies have shown that tRFs are associated with Argonaute (AGO) complexes and inhibit gene expression in the same manner as miRNAs. However, there are currently no tools for accurately predicting tRF target genes.

Screening of Potential Biomarkers for Gastric Cancer with Diagnostic Value Using Label-free Global Proteome Analysis.

Gastric cancer (GC) is known as a top malignant type of tumors worldwide. Despite the recent decrease in mortality rates, the prognosis remains poor. Therefore, it is necessary to find novel biomarkers with early diagnostic value for GC.