Metabolic rewiring and morphological adaptations drive bacterial strain-specific cadmium defense in the Yangtze River estuary.

Cadmium (Cd) contamination in coastal regions poses severe environmental risks, yet bacterial defense mechanisms against Cd remain poorly understood. This study unveils distinct tolerant strategies of two highly Cd-tolerant bacteria isolated from the Yangtze River estuary: Comamonas sp. Y49 and Aeromonas sp.

Multi-segment models for kinetic analysis of women during pregnancy: A systematic review.

Background: During pregnancy, significant physiological, morphological, and hormonal changes profoundly affect women's biomechanics, increasing the risk of falls and musculoskeletal complaints, especially in the third trimester. To understand movement adaptations and musculoskeletal disorders in pregnant women, kinetic analysis using pregnant-specific multi-segment or musculoskeletal models is essential. This review aims to evaluate the development, applications and limitations of such models intended for kinetic analysis in pregnancy.

Clozapine-associated perturbation of arachidonic acid metabolism: A future direction for clozapine-induced cardiotoxicity.

Clozapine is an effective antipsychotic medication utilised for treatment-resistant schizophrenia. However, clinical use of clozapine is limited due to the risk of cardiotoxicities, including clozapine-induced myocarditis. Oxidation of clozapine and reduction of clozapine-N-oxide can be catalysed by the cardio-selective cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoforms CYP2J2, CYP1A1 and CYP1B1, which are also reported to metabolise arachidonic acid.

Patient and Health Professional Perceptions of the Assessment, Diagnosis and Management of Acute Charcot Neuro-Osteoarthropathy at a Regional Australian Health Service.

Background: Acute Charcot neuroarthropathy (CN) is a rare but serious complication of diabetes that requires timely diagnosis and evidence-based management to prevent long-term disability. In regional or rural settings, delivering evidence-based care is particularly challenging due to systemic and contextual barriers.

Objective: To explore the perceptions of patients and health professionals about assessment, diagnosis and management of acute CN in a regional Victorian health service.

Young-onset dementia: Investigating timelines of admission to aged residential care and health outcomes.

ObjectivesThere is limited research on entry to aged residential care (ARC) in people living with young-onset dementia (YOD). Most people with YOD eventually require ARC, often in facilities designed for older adults. This study aimed to investigate the time to ARC admission in a previously identified YOD cohort and their health outcomes before and after ARC admission.

Asymmetric Total Synthesis of (+)-Spiroapplanatumine G.

Spiroapplanatumine G () is a spiro-meroterpenoid characterized by an unusual 6/5/7 tricyclic spirobenzofuran-3-one core. The first enantioselective total synthesis of spiroapplanatumine G () is reported, featuring a key enantioselective Diels-Alder reaction between an aurone ester and a silyloxydiene to assemble the spirobenzofuranone core. This strategic Diels-Alder transformation advantageously establishes the two contiguous stereogenic centers in a single step.

Beyond supergenes: the diverse roles of inversions in trait evolution.

Chromosomal inversions are ubiquitous across the Tree of Life, with genome-wide studies revealing a bias toward smaller inversions, yet research has disproportionately focused on large, supergene-like inversions linked to discrete phenotypes. This limits our understanding of inversions' roles in trait evolution, as their size affects their potential functional impact. Investigation of smaller inversions and multi-inversion genotypes is crucial to elucidate their role in shaping continuous traits and evolutionary adaptation.

Danicamtiv increases cardiac mechanical efficiency.

Danicamtiv is a recently developed cardiac-specific myosin activator that directly increases actomyosin interaction and, thereby, increases force. It is currently studied pre-clinically and has entered clinical trials. In this study, we provide the first assessment of its effects on cardiac energetics.

Metabolic responses to energetic stimuli in female athletes using or not hormonal contraceptives during a high training load period.

Background: Despite growing interest in women's physiology in exercise sciences, the understanding of female athletes' energy metabolism remains limited. This study aimed to analyze substrate oxidation in response to energetic stimuli in female athletes using or not hormonal contraceptives, and to determine the influence of the estradiol-to-progesterone ratio fluctuations on energy metabolism.

Methods: Body composition (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry), energy expenditure and substrate oxidation rates (resting, low-intensity walking exercise (4 km/h), and postprandial conditions; indirect calorimetry) were assessed among 32 athletes (23±3 years) during a high-training load period, in athletes using or not hormonal contraceptives (nine and 23, respectively).

Employing illness perceptions and mindsets in health contexts: towards an integrative framework.

Beliefs about illness powerfully shape how people experience and respond to health conditions. The dominant theory underpinning illness perception - Leventhal's Common-Sense Model - proposes that individuals construct cognitive representations of illness based on specific beliefs about its features and likely course (e.g.

Gestational diabetes detection thresholds and infant growth, nutrition, and neurodevelopment at 12-18 months: a prospective cohort study within a randomized trial.

Objective: To assess the impact of gestational diabetes(GDM) detection thresholds on infant growth, nutrition, and neurodevelopment at 12-18 months.

Design: Prospective cohort study within the GEMS trial(ACTRN12615000290594), which randomized pregnant women to detection of GDM using lower or higher glycemic criteria. The main outcomes were overweight/rapid weight gain; food approach appetitive score; energy intake; cognitive z-score.

What do the PHQ-9, the GAD-7 and their variants miss in assessing young people presenting to youth mental health services?

Brief self-report measures offer significant benefits in youth mental health services by providing quick, efficient, and accessible assessment of mental health status. In this study, we describe the psychometric features of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), the Generalised Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) and their shorter variants in 1063 young people at their first appointment to headspace youth primary care mental health services. Specific aims were to: (i) document the internal consistency, dimensionality, and measurement invariance for sex and age (12-14, 15-17, 18-21, 22-25 years) for the PHQ-9 and GAD-7; (ii) compare the full and shorter variants of the measures; and (iii) determine construct validity by correlating variants with measures of psychological distress, rumination, functioning, and quality of life.

An exploratory analysis of the tinnitus magnitude equation (TMe). An adaptation level theory based measure of tinnitus therapy outcome.

Background: In this study we undertook an exploratory analysis of a new method for quantifying change in perceived intensity of tinnitus: the tinnitus magnitude equation (TMe). The TMe is based on Adaptation Level Theory (ALT) and is the difference between the product of Tinnitus Function Index (TFI) questions asking tinnitus loudness, awareness, and annoyance (intrusiveness scale) before and after therapy.

Methods: This is a secondary analysis of anonymized data.

Acute Posterior Multifocal Placoid Pigment Epitheliopathy-Like Panuveitis Following Mpox Vaccination.

Purpose: To report a case of APMPPE-like panuveitis following mpox vaccination.

Methods: Case report.

Results: A 37-year-old Chinese man presented with bilateral anterior and intermediate uveitis, retinal vasculitis and unilateral acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy (APMPPE) 2 weeks following JYNNEOS mpox vaccination.

Neurodegenerative Diseases in Male Former First-Class New Zealand Rugby Players.

Background: Growing concern surrounds the risk of neurodegenerative diseases in high-level collision sports, but research on Rugby Union's connection to these diseases is limited.

Objective: This study sought to examine the long-term neurodegenerative disease risk associated with participation in high-level Rugby Union ('rugby'), utilising whole-population administrative records.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study in New Zealand compared males born between 1920 and 1984 who were active in high-level (provincial or higher) rugby between 1950 and 2000 (n = 12,861) with males from the general population (n = 2,394,300), matched by age, ethnicity, and birthplace.

An Evaluation of the Native Hawaiian and Indigenous Health Summer Health Academy.

Indigenous ways of knowing center on balance and holism, with an emphasis of learning through ancestral and intergenerational knowledge, which continue to be revitalized as a demonstration of the ongoing resilience of Indigenous Peoples. The Native Hawaiian and Indigenous Health (NHIH) Summer Health Academy (SHA) program was developed and implemented with an objective of increasing diversity, equity, and inclusion in higher education, fostering relationships at multiple levels, addressing gaps in education and academia, preparing students to work with and for Native and Indigenous communities, and changing the narrative of health and healing to better align with Native Hawaiian and Indigenous worldviews of health. Program activities included individualized mentoring, critical self-reflections through activities such as Indigenous photovoice, experiential opportunities to learn about social determinants of health, and community-engaged research projects.

Improving the reporting on health equity in observational research (STROBE-Equity): extension checklist and elaboration.

Data on health equity to inform societally relevant evidence based decisions and policy making are lacking in the research literature. Observational studies have the potential to provide data on health equity. Yet, guidance on how to report health equity data and considerations in observational research is inadequate.

Power and Ideology in Close Relationships.

This review specifies how individuals' relationship power (actor power) and their partners' power (partner power) influence distinct behaviors in close relationships. High-power actors can promote their own needs, whereas low-power actors must inhibit their needs or enact aggression or manipulation to fight for their needs. Actors must also accommodate the needs of high-power partners but can neglect or may feel obliged to protect low-power partners.

Emerging lipid nanoparticle systems capable of efficient intramuscular RNA delivery.

Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) enable RNA delivery, primarily via intramuscular (IM) injection, catalyzing breakthroughs like the Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna COVID-19 vaccines. LNPs encapsulate RNA, using ionizable lipids for endosomal escape and PEG-lipids for stability. IM administration leverages muscle tissue's immune-rich environment, enabling localized antigen production, reduced systemic toxicity, and scalability.

Assessment of synergy-assisted EMG-driven NMSK model for upper limb muscle activation prediction in cross-country sit-skiing double poling.

Introduction: Cross-country sit-skiers are often individuals with spinal cord injuries, cerebral palsy, or lower limb disabilities, relying heavily on upper limb strength to generate propulsion during skiing. However, frequent shoulder joint movements significantly increase the incidence of shoulder joint disorders. Therefore, quantifying muscle forces during movement is crucial for understanding upper limb force generation patterns.

Improving the Reporting on Health Equity in Observational Research (STROBE-Equity): Extension Checklist and Elaboration.

Importance: Observational studies can provide valuable insights to inform decisions on health equity. Existing guidelines for reporting such studies, such as the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement, currently lack specific considerations for reporting on health equity. Health equity is defined as the absence of avoidable and unfair differences that may exist across individuals and populations due to structural and systematic inequities in living and working conditions, opportunities, and resources.

Cerebral Palsy Associated With Neonatal Encephalopathy: Review of Te Rēhita a Hōkai Nukurangi Aotearoa-The New Zealand Cerebral Palsy Register (NZCPR) Data.

Background: In Aotearoa New Zealand (AoNZ), the cerebral palsy (CP) register (NZCPR) has collected national data since 2015. The dataset includes ethnicity and region of domicile; clinical characteristics; plus data on CP distribution and severity including GMFCS. Neonatal encephalopathy (NE) and hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE) are potential causes of CP, so NZCPR data may assist prognostic counselling of whānau (family).

The Indo-European Cognate Relationships dataset.

The Indo-European Cognate Relationships (IE-CoR) dataset is an open-access relational dataset showing how related, inherited words ('cognates') pattern across 160 languages of the Indo-European family. IE-CoR is intended as a benchmark dataset for computational research into the evolution of the Indo-European languages. It is structured around 170 reference meanings in core lexicon, and contains 25731 lexeme entries, analysed into 4981 cognate sets.