An Intervention to Build Grit, Resilience and a Growth Mindset in Physiotherapy Students.

Background: Grit, resilience and a growth mindset are traits that help health professional students respond positively and adapt to the challenges of the clinical learning environment. The aim of this study was to determine if a 5-week education-based intervention can enhance grit, resilience and a growth mindset in physiotherapy students on clinical placement.

Methods: In this single group intervention study, physiotherapy students participated in a 5-week group-based, online educational intervention for 1 h per week during their first clinical placement.

Small organic ligands for the ecdysone receptor - agrochemicals, gene switches, and beyond.

While pesticides are essential for the world to meet its increasing demand for food, off-target toxicity in humans and other species is an ongoing environmental issue. There is a strong motivation for developing more selective pesticides that can target pest insects, for example, while being benign for beneficial insects such as bees, and other nontarget species more generally. The ecdysone receptor is absent in vertebrates so constitutes a very useful target for green insecticides.

Mathematical model suggests current CAR-macrophage dosage is efficient to low pre-infusion tumour burden but refractory to high tumour burden.

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-macrophage therapy is a promising approach for tumour treatment due to antigen-specific phagocytosis and tumour clearance. However, the precise impact of tumour burden, dose and dosing regimens on therapeutic outcomes remains poorly understood. We developed ordinary differential equation (ODE) mathematical modelling and utilised parameter inference to analyse in vitro FACS-based phagocytosis assay data testing CD19-positive Raji tumour cell against CAR-macrophage, and revealed that phagocytosing efficiency of CAR-macrophage increases but saturates as both Raji cell and CAR-macrophage concentrations increase.

Boat noise alters behaviour of two coral reef macroinvertebrates, Lambis lambis and Tridacna maxima.

Boat noise has been shown to distract and cause harm to many marine organisms. Most of the study effort has focused on fish & marine mammals, even though invertebrates represent over 92 % of all marine life. The few studies conducted on invertebrates have demonstrated clear negative effects of anthropogenic noise pollution.

Patient and Health Professional Perceptions of the Assessment, Diagnosis and Management of Acute Charcot Neuro-Osteoarthropathy at a Regional Australian Health Service.

Background: Acute Charcot neuroarthropathy (CN) is a rare but serious complication of diabetes that requires timely diagnosis and evidence-based management to prevent long-term disability. In regional or rural settings, delivering evidence-based care is particularly challenging due to systemic and contextual barriers.

Objective: To explore the perceptions of patients and health professionals about assessment, diagnosis and management of acute CN in a regional Victorian health service.

Craving for opioid and cannabis use among adults with chronic pain: Insights from a 30-day ecological momentary assessment study.

Background: Craving is an aversive state and risk factor for progression to nonmedical substance use. The aims of this secondary analysis of Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) data were 1) to test whether craving was elevated on days of co-use of opioids and cannabis, and 2) to examine pain, pain catastrophizing, affect, and stress as risk factors for current and next-moment craving, among patients with chronic pain.

Methods: Adults with chronic pain (N = 46) who used both opioids and cannabis were recruited online and completed a 30-day EMA study, consisting of four momentary surveys per day that assessed opioids and cannabis craving, use, pain and pain catastrophizing, affect, and stress.

Computational design of potent and selective binders of BAK and BAX.

Potent and selective binders of the key proapoptotic proteins BAK and BAX have not been described. We use computational protein design to generate high affinity binders of BAK and BAX with greater than 100-fold specificity for their target. Both binders activate their targets when at low concentration, driving pore formation, but inhibit membrane permeabilization when in excess.

A Persistent Boron Tetraradical with Tetraphenylethene-Linked Boraphenanthrene-Type Units.

We report the first paramagnetic boron tetraradical, comprising four boraphenanthrene-type units with boryl radical centers bridged by a central tetraphenylethene (TPE) linker. With strongly π-accepting and sterically demanding cyclic(alkyl)(amino) carbene ligands (), spin densities localize on the boron-carbene fragments (92%), consistent with a true boron-centered tetraradical. Magnetic measurements of reveal minimal spin-spin coupling, consistent with four noninteracting = 1/2 centers.

The Blind Spot of PSMA-PET Staging? Intraductal Carcinoma of the Prostate Is Overrepresented in Patients With No Uptake Pattern on Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen Positron Emission Tomography and High-Grade Prostate Cancer.

Purpose: Prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography (PSMA PET) is increasingly used to diagnose and stage prostate cancer. A PRIMARY score uses anatomical localization and uptake patterns to improve diagnostic accuracy. We evaluated the histopathology of patients with no uptake pattern (PRIMARY score 1) and the prevalence of intraductal carcinoma of the prostate (IDC-P) in this subset compared with those with an uptake pattern (PRIMARY score ≥ 2).

What determines health insurance ownership in Nepal? Findings from the Nepal multiple indicator cluster survey 2019.

ObjectiveIn Nepal, various health insurance schemes including community-based and national health insurance programmes have been implemented to reduce financial burdens on the population and improve access to health care, towards the goal of Universal Health Coverage. Despite these efforts, there are limited studies on health insurance ownership in Nepal. This study aimed to determine factors influencing insurance ownership at individual and household level in Nepal.

Socially oriented attention in young children with neurofibromatosis type 1: An eye-tracking study.

Aim: To examine visual engagement to social stimuli and response to joint attention in young children with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) and typically developing peers (controls).

Method: Forty-five preschool children were studied cross-sectionally (mean age [SD] = 4 years 3 months [10 months]), 25 with NF1 and 20 typically developing controls. Participants passively viewed two eye-tracking paradigms.

Phenotypic plasticity underlies seasonal and latitudinal variation in thermal tolerance in a native bee.

Climate change threatens biodiversity and ecosystem services around the globe. Despite the importance of native bees as pollinators, there is evidence of global declines, and we know very little about how climate shapes their distributions now and into the future. In the current study, we combined large-scale seasonal field sampling and experimental acclimation to examine whether populations of an Australian bee, Exoneura robusta, vary in their capacity to adapt to different climates.

Reviews of Religion, Spirituality and Health.

This issue of JORH presents numerous literature reviews focusing on religious and spiritual wellbeing, a variety of lifespan health conditions, and topics relating to public health. It also presents a range of specialist research from Türkiye exploring chronic conditions, the role of nursing, the victims and survivors of earthquakes, and finally, coping with the prospect of death.

Modifiable risk factors for lower-extremity injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis for the Female, Woman and Girl Athlete Injury Prevention (FAIR) consensus.

Objective: Examine potentially modifiable risk factors (MRFs) for female/woman/girl athletes' lower-extremity injuries.

Design: Systematic review with meta- or semiquantitative analyses and Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation.

Data Sources: MEDLINE, CINAHL, APA PsycINFO, Cochrane Systematic Review Database, CENTRAL, SPORTDiscus, EMBASE, ERIC searched 30 October or 23 November 2023.

Perceived stigma and self-stigma in young people at ultra-high risk for psychosis: Associations with identity-related, psychological and functional outcomes.

Background And Hypothesis: Perceived stigma and self-stigma negatively affect identity-related, psychological and functional outcomes among stigmatised populations. There is limited research exploring the impact of stigma among young people at ultra-high risk (UHR) for psychosis. We investigated the association of perceived stigma and self-stigma with these outcomes in young people at UHR.

Re-Visiting the Content Validity of the Manchester Clinical Supervision Scale (MCSS-26).

Clinical supervision is widely regarded as an important part of both pre-graduate and post-registration education and training of healthcare professionals. To ensure comprehensive implementation of effective supervision practices, it is crucial that supervisors, healthcare organisations and researchers have valid and reliable instruments to measure these practices. The Manchester Clinical Supervision Scale (MCSS) is the most widely used instrument for measuring supervision effectiveness in nursing and allied health.

Trends and Inequities in the Continuum of Care for Maternal Healthcare Services in Bangladesh: A National and Subnational Analysis.

Background: Ensuring a continuum of care in accessing antenatal to postnatal healthcare services is crucial for improving maternal and child health outcomes. This study aims to explore trends in the continuum of care over the years, both nationally and across regions; to provide district-level estimates; and to examine socio-economic disparities and determinants of continuum of care uptake in Bangladesh.

Methods: A total of 28,260 samples were analysed.

What stroke survivors say about living with upper limb spasticity and how they manage it.

Introduction: Post-stroke spasticity can cause serious impairment, activity limitation, and participation restrictions for survivors, leading to stroke-related disability. While there are hundreds of qualitative studies regarding stroke survivor experience, the phenomenon of what it is like to have post-stroke spasticity is not well understood.

Methods: Ten community-dwelling adults with chronic stroke and upper limb spasticity who had recently participated in an intensive upper limb rehabilitation programme were interviewed.

NINJ1 oligomerises on large apoptotic cell-derived extracellular vesicles to regulate vesicle stability and cellular content release.

Billions of cells undergo apoptosis, a non-inflammatory form of programmed cell death, daily as part of normal development and homeostasis. Apoptotic cells undergo apoptotic cell disassembly to release large extracellular vesicles (EVs) called apoptotic bodies (ApoBDs) to promote dead cell clearance, or otherwise proceed to an inflammatory, lytic outcome (i.e.

Improving the reporting on health equity in observational research (STROBE-Equity): extension checklist and elaboration.

Data on health equity to inform societally relevant evidence based decisions and policy making are lacking in the research literature. Observational studies have the potential to provide data on health equity. Yet, guidance on how to report health equity data and considerations in observational research is inadequate.

The use of discrete choice experiments in evaluating telehealth: a systematic review.

Background: There is a growing body of evidence from discrete choice experiments related to telehealth. Discrete choice experiments offer valuable insights in informing the design and evaluation of telehealth services and supporting the telehealth implementation and policy.

Objective: This review aims to examine studies assessing consumer preferences for telehealth using discrete choice experiments.

Improving the Reporting on Health Equity in Observational Research (STROBE-Equity): Extension Checklist and Elaboration.

Importance: Observational studies can provide valuable insights to inform decisions on health equity. Existing guidelines for reporting such studies, such as the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement, currently lack specific considerations for reporting on health equity. Health equity is defined as the absence of avoidable and unfair differences that may exist across individuals and populations due to structural and systematic inequities in living and working conditions, opportunities, and resources.

High-precision machine learning identifies a reproducible functional connectivity signature of autism spectrum diagnosis in a subset of individuals.

Background: Discovery of predictive biomarkers is essential for understanding the neurobiological underpinnings of autism spectrum diagnosis (ASD) and improving identification. Resting-state functional connectivity analyses of individuals with ASD have established sensitivity of brain connectivity at the group level. However, the extensive heterogeneity in ASD limits the translation of these findings into reliable individual-level biomarkers.

Corticomotor Responses to Experimental, Acute, and Chronic Lower Limb Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Corticomotor adaptations are believed to contribute to persistent pain. However, prior reviews have lacked sufficient data to adequately explore these adaptations in lower limb pain. This restricts the generalizability of existing research given the distinct functional and neurophysiological differences between upper and lower limb musculature.

Adapting the Grog survey app for alcohol screening and feedback in aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health services: a mixed methods study protocol.

Background: Routine use of brief, structured screening tools is essential to detect and provide support for Australians who drink above recommended levels. However, detecting drinking above recommended levels in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australian primary care settings is complex. Inaccuracies in completing a screening tool such as Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test - Consumption, can lead to errors in estimating drinking in First Nations contexts where group sharing and episodic drinking make it difficult to accurately estimate alcohol consumption with tools that assume regular drinking patterns.