Optimization of Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction of Crude Flavonoids from Moutai Distillers Grains and Evaluation of Their Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities.

Distillers grains are the main by-products of the brewing industry, with a large output but a low degree of resource utilization. Exploring more efficient comprehensive utilization technologies for distillers grains is of great significance for increasing the added value of the brewing industry. This study took Moutai distillers grains as the research object, and the ultrasonic-assisted extraction process of crude flavonoids from distillers grains was first optimized.

Dual-Emission Organic-Inorganic Hybrids (2,6-DTP)ZnCl·DMF:Sb Unlocking High-Efficiency Luminescence and Stability for Advanced White Light-Emitting Diodes.

The development of high-performance luminescent materials is essential for advancing optoelectronic applications, particularly in the field of solid-state lighting and displays. This study investigates the structural, optical, and thermal properties of the 0D organic-inorganic hybrid metal halides (OIHMHs) (2,6-DTP)ZnCl·DMF and its Sb-doped derivatives, aiming to enhance the luminescent efficiency and stability for potential applications in white light-emitting diodes (WLEDs). The Sb-doped (2,6-DTP)ZnCl·DMF samples showed broad emission spectra covering the entire visible region, with distinct peaks at 505 and 647 nm with the photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of 91.

Robust Imidazole-Linked 2D Covalent Organic Frameworks for Efficient Electrochemical Sodium-Ion Storage.

Exploring stable and functional linkages through facile one-pot cyclocondensation reactions represents one of the frontiers in the development of covalent organic frameworks (COFs), which can enhance structural robustness and diversity while broadening their application potential. In this study, we report a facile synthetic strategy using p-toluenesulfonic acid (PTSA) as a proton mediator to construct two imidazole-linked COFs (TABQ-COF and TAPT-COF) via one-pot cyclocondensation of aromatic aldehydes with ortho-diamines. These two COFs not only possess good crystallinity but also exhibit excellent physicochemical stability and contain abundant redox-active sites, which endows them with charming advantages for electrochemical energy storage.

Design, synthesis and evaluation of vanillin derivatives as dual-target inhibitors for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.

The purpose of this study is to develop more effective therapeutic agents to slow or prevent Alzheimer's progression. A lead compound ZINC4372573 was identified by using molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation techniques. A series of novel vanillin derivatives were designed and synthesized as dual inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE).

EDT-MCFEF: a multi-channel feature fusion model for emergency department triage of medical texts.

Introduction: Triage is a pivotal function within the operational framework of an emergency department, as it directly influences patient outcomes and hospital efficiency. However, traditional triage methods frequently depend on human judgment, which is susceptible to high subjectivity and low efficiency.

Methods: To address these issues, this paper presents a novel emergency department triage algorithm.

Efficient Electrochemical N Fixation over Donor-Acceptor FeEu─N Active Site.

Electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) represents a promising approach to sustainable ammonia production, but the low Faradaic efficiency (FE) and poor ammonia yield rate limit its practical application. This work demonstrates an innovative FeEu─NC catalyst that leverages distinct donor-acceptor electron pairs between Fe and Eu atoms to significantly enhance the electrocatalytic NRR. The FeEu─NC catalyst demonstrates an outstanding ammonia yield of 221.

Protein quantification in complex samples using gel electrophoresis with online intrinsic fluorescence imaging and Gaussian fitting arithmetic.

Traditional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) has been widely used for analysis of proteins. However, protein quantification (PQ) based on SDS-PAGE with staining remains inaccurate, time-consuming and complex. Even though PAGE with online intrinsic fluorescence imaging (IFI) has well addressed these issues, it still suffers from the narrow detection window of 8 lanes and poor quantitation owing to low resolution.

Cascade Reaction of 2-Azirines and -Bromoaryl Isothiocyanates: An Access to Benzo[]imidazo[2,1-]thiazoles.

A novel CsCO-promoted method for the synthesis of benzo[]imidazo[2,1-]thiazol derivatives from 2-azirines and -bromoaryl isothiocyanates was successfully explored via C-S bond formation under transition-metal-free condition. The investigation indicated that the mild, efficient, low-cost, and low-toxic synthesis strategy could proceed smoothly without the aid of light, a metal catalyst, or an expensive photocatalyst. There is an intramolecular free-radical coupling step in a possible mechanistic pathway.

How do health shocks affect preventive behaviours? An empirical examination of the mediating role of perceived risk from a longitudinal study in China.

Objectives: Against the heavy burden of non-communicable diseases and the lack of preventive behaviours (PB) in China, health shocks (HSs), as a trigger, provide the teachable moment for promoting PB with a role of perceived risk (PR) in this process being discussed. The aim of this study is to examine four hypotheses on the impact of HS on PB and whether PR is mediating the relationship.

Design: A retrospective cohort.

Developing NiAl-Strengthened ULCB Steels by Controlling Nanoscale Precipitation and Reversed Austenite.

In this study, a strategy was adopted to promote the formation of NiAl precipitates with the aim of enhancing strength by incorporating a 0.2 wt.% Al into a traditional ultra-low carbon bainitic (ULCB) steel alloy.

Attachment styles, grief relief, and metahuman resurrection technology.

This study explores the psychological impact of Metahuman Resurrection Technology (MRT) on bereaved individuals, focusing on how different attachment styles influence both the willingness to utilize MRT and the effectiveness of grief relief. A survey of 1114 bereaved individuals revealed that secure attachment styles experienced the highest levels of grief relief and willingness to use MRT, while dismissive styles showed the lowest. The study also highlights the mediating role of grief relief between attachment style and MRT usage, with significant effects observed in preoccupied and fearful individuals but not in dismissive ones.

Advancements in SELEX Technology for Aptamers and Emerging Applications in Therapeutics and Drug Delivery.

Nucleic acid aptamers, selected through the Systematic Evolution of Ligands by Exponential Enrichment (SELEX), are short nucleic acid sequences that exhibit high affinity and specificity towards diverse targets. Over the past three decades, substantial advancements have been made in both the technology and applications of nucleic acid aptamers. This review provides an in-depth analysis of the historical development and defining characteristics of aptamers, highlighting recent technological innovations in SELEX, including Capillary Electrophoresis SELEX, Microfluidic SELEX, Cell-SELEX, and others.

Electrolyte engineering enables high-energy Li‖CF battery operation at ultralow temperatures.

A lithium metal‖carbon fluoride (Li‖CF) primary battery offers high energy density and long shelf-life but suffers from poor performance at low temperatures. We report a linear ester-based electrolyte comprising ethyl acetate (EA) and ethyl trifluoroacetate (ET) with LiBF salt to address this challenge. EA served as the primary solvent, while ET acted as an anti-solvent, weakening Li coordination due to its strong electron-withdrawing fluorine atoms.

Mixed-Anion Inorganic Zn Halide RbZnClI.

Lead-free halides, recognized for their nontoxic properties and remarkable stability, have emerged as promising candidates for various optoelectronic applications. In this work, we report the discovery of a novel all-inorganic zinc halide, RbZnClI. With the doping of Mn ion, the as-obtained RbZnMnClI single crystals show intense green photoluminescence with a full width at half-maximum (fwhm) of 52 nm and a peak at 525 nm.

The revised version of the Physical Self-Description Questionnaire-Short for Chinese middle school students.

Objective: Chinese version of the Physical Self-Description Questionnaire-Short (PSDQ-S) was revised, and its reliability, validity, and gender invariance were tested among Chinese middle school students.

Methods: A convenience sampling method was used to select 1,632 middle school students in grades 7-12 (12-18 years old) in Shanghai for the PSDQ-S questionnaire survey, and SPSS 24.0 and Mplus 8.

Metabolically Engineered Extracellular Vesicles Released From a Composite Hydrogel Delivery System Regulate the Microenvironment for Periprosthetic Osteolysis Treatment.

Despite remarkable progress in total joint arthroplasty, aseptic loosening of titanium (Ti) alloy persists as a critical clinical challenge due to the poor wear resistance and biological inertness of such implants. Targeting of inflammatory osteolysis and remodelling of the osseointegration environment represent promising therapeutic approaches to address this issue. In this study, we developed a novel engineered extracellular vesicles (EVs) with a tag of dextran sulfate (DS-EVs) via metabolic glycan labelling (MGL)-mediated click chemistry.

Preparation of corn straw-based porous carbon with target pore structure for high-performance electrode materials via a one-step process.

This study presents a cost-effective approach to producing high-performance corn straw-derived porous carbon (CSC) electrodes with a hierarchical pore structure through a simple, one-step activation and templating process. The synthesized CSC achieved a maximum specific surface area of 1394.6 m/g.

Boosting electrochemical coupling of N reduction and biomass oxidation via COF-derived N,P,S-multicoordinated porous carbon with Pt active centers.

The electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction (eNRR) is a sustainable pathway for ammonia synthesis, yet it faces challenges in selectivity and efficiency. Herein, we report a catalyst characterized by the uniform anchoring of Pt single-atom centers within a nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur, and carbon (NPSC) multiligand framework, thereby maximizing the advantages of the Pt noble metal and significantly enhancing the eNRR performance. In this catalyst, sulfur-modulated anchoring of the Pt center induces ligand-to-metal charge transfer (LMCT), primarily leveraging the strong interaction between the Pt 4f band and the S 2p orbitals to activate and protonate N effectively.

High-Responsivity SiC/TiO Photoelectrochemical Ultraviolet Photodetector: Heterojunctions with Fast Response Times and Excellent pH Tolerance.

The precise control of the surface properties of low-dimensional nanostructures is a prerequisite for preserving the intrinsic material quality and manipulating the carrier transport behavior to enhance optoelectronic device performance. Herein, a high-responsivity photoelectrochemical (PEC) ultraviolet (UV) photodetector (PD) based on SiC/TiO heterojunction nanowires is developed. The surface of SiC nanowires is decorated with high-quality TiO nanoparticles through a simple hydrothermal process, and a type-II heterojunction is established.

Temperature-responsive microcapsules and their aroma applications and challenges.

Due to the low boiling point, volatilization, sensitivity to heat, and poor solubility in water, it is difficult to ensure that the aroma of products can be stably and lastingly released. Therefore, the microencapsulation of flavor and fragrance can achieve stabilization to some extent. Temperature-responsive microcapsules are a kind of micro-containers that can achieve rapid release of core materials by regulating temperature.

Group 13 Lewis acid-mediated formation of 5-oxazolone derivatives from -butyl isocyanoacetate.

-Butyl isocyanoacetate 1 reacted with B(CF) to give a Lewis acid-base adduct 2. GaCl and GaI promoted cyclization affording the N-bound Lewis acid adducts of the cyclized product 5-oxazolone derivatives 3 and 4, resulting from isocyano insertion into the ester C-O bond, with the loss of isobutylene. In contrast, the reactions with InBr and InI afforded the analogous adducts of 5(4)-oxazolone derivatives 5 and 6, without the loss of the -butyl group.

TCANet: a temporal convolutional attention network for motor imagery EEG decoding.

Decoding motor imagery electroencephalogram (MI-EEG) signals is fundamental to the development of brain-computer interface (BCI) systems. However, robust decoding remains a challenge due to the inherent complexity and variability of MI-EEG signals. This study proposes the Temporal Convolutional Attention Network (TCANet), a novel end-to-end model that hierarchically captures spatiotemporal dependencies by progressively integrating local, fused, and global features.

Spatial heterogeneity in copper distribution changed antioxidant capacity of container-grown Camphora officinarum roots under excessive copper stress.

Coating high concentrations of copper (Cu) on the inner wall of containers prevents root entanglement by inhibiting root tip elongation. However, it remains uncertain whether roots near and far from the container wall differentially absorb Cu, thereby triggering varied defense responses. Two-year-old Camphora officinarum were planted in containers coated with 120 (T1) and 200 (T2) g L Cu(OH) with latex as the carrier.

Stimuli-Responsive Catenane-Branched Dendrimers with Tunable Dimension for Reversible Guest Binding.

To tackle the challenge of the precise construction of catenane-based mechanically interlocked macromolecules with well-defined topological arrangements, starting from a novel [2]catenane building block with dendrimer growth sites, catenane-branched dendrimers have been precisely constructed via an efficient and controllable divergent approach. Notably, to the best of our knowledge, the third-generation dendrimer which consists of twenty-one [2]catenane branches is the most complicated discrete [2]catenane oligomer synthesized to date. Interestingly, the switchable coconformation transformations of [2]catenane branches triggered by sodium ions and cryptands lead to an integrated and amplified expansion-contraction motion of the resultant dendrimers, achieving reversible size regulation at the nanoscale.

Aroma generation of fermented fruit wines: potential enhancement strategies via fermentation and aging process.

Aroma plays a key role in decisions to purchase fruit wines. Fermented fruit wines (FFWs) are produced through endogenous means of microorganisms/enzymes and aging processes without additional additives to produce natural volatile aroma compounds (VOCs). However, most FFWs lack sufficient aroma, and the diversity of raw fruits complicates the effective regulation of flavor.