DHYZ modulates hippocampal cholinergic pathway acetylation to ameliorate cognitive deficits post-ischemic stroke in rats.

Ischemic stroke is a serious cerebrovascular disease that is often accompanied by debilitating sensorimotor deficits and persistent cognitive deficits, which seriously affect patients' quality of life. DHYZ, a traditional Chinese herbal formula, has shown significant efficacy in restoring neurological function in ischemic regions of the brain, but its potential for improving poststroke cognitive impairment remains underdeveloped. In this study, the middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) model was used to reproduce the pathological process of ischemic stroke in humans.

Oxygen vacancy-enhanced microwave catalysis of Zn-Fe spinel for implant-related infections.

Implant-related infections (IRIs) pose a major challenge in orthopedic applications due to the persistence of biofilms, which are highly resistant to conventional antibiotics. This study introduces oxygen vacancy-engineered Zn-Fe spinel nanoparticles as microwave-responsive antibacterial agents. The oxygen vacancies in the spinel structure enhance reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation under microwave irradiation, providing a dual-mode antibacterial mechanism of thermal and oxidative stress.

Endothelin-Converting Enzyme-Like 1 Regulated by LIF Contributes to Chronic Constriction Injury-Induced Neuropathic Pain in Mice.

Aims: This study is to investigate the role of Endothelin-converting enzyme-like 1 (ECEL1) in neuropathic pain (NP).

Methods: The expression of ECEL1 was modulated by injecting adeno-associated virus 5 (AAV5) carrying Ecel1 shRNA or full-length Ecel1 into the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) of mice with a chronic constriction injury (CCI) model. Then, various nociceptive responses were evaluated.

Specific genomic alterations and aggressive clinical features of sporadic thyroid carcinomas in children and adolescents: findings from an in-house cohort study.

Introduction: Papillary thyroid carcinoma is the most common pathological subtype of thyroid cancer in both children/adolescents (TCCA) and adults (TCA). TCCA manifests more aggressive and invasive behaviors than TCA, which may be attributed to specific genomic alterations.

Methods: To better understand the specific molecular, pathological and clinical manifestations of TCCA, we retrospectively analyzed a cohort of 60 patients with sporadic papillary thyroid carcinoma, including 20 TCCAs and 40 TCAs.

Efficacy of hybrid blood purification for SA-AKI subtypes identified by CCL14: study protocol for a single-centre randomized controlled clinical trial.

Background: Sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (SA-AKI) is a commonly encountered complex heterogeneous syndrome in critically ill patients with sepsis. Under the interaction of genotype and pathogenic factors, SA-AKI can lead to various clinical phenotypes and subphenotypes, and this heterogeneity complicates the assessment of the efficacy of treatment measures for sepsis in clinical trials. Early identification of SA-AKI high-risk patients with specific subphenotypes and timely implementation of supportive treatments may improve adverse outcomes for these patients.

Effect of Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonists on Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

Background And Aim: Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonists are well-established therapies for obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Emerging evidence also suggests their potential role in managing obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). This study aimed to investigate the association between GLP-1R agonists and OSA using genetic evidence.

Comparison of endoscopic papillectomy and pancreatoduodenectomy for high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia of the duodenal papilla: a retrospective cohort study.

Aim: The objective of this study is to compare the clinical outcomes of endoscopic papillectomy (EP) and pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) for high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia of the duodenal papilla (HGIN-DP) and develop a preoperative risk prediction model for pathological upgrading.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of 92 patients (43 EP vs. 49 PD) treated between 2014 and 2023.

Notch3 mediated TGF‑β1 activation enhances epithelial‑mesenchymal transition and cancer stemness in non‑small lung cancer.

Notch3 is a key regulator in various cancers, playing a crucial role in maintaining stemness and promoting epithelial‑mesenchymal transition (EMT). However, its differential expression and regulatory mechanisms in non‑small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and cancer stem cells remain poorly understood. To investigate this, the present study examined Notch3 expression in NSCLC through Oncomine, The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus databases and validated the results with immunohistochemistry, reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR and western blotting.

Similar Diameter of Cutaneous Branches of the Proper Digital Nerve and Stump of the Proper Palmar Digital Nerve was a Key Factor for the Sensory Reconstruction in Short Term Outcome of Finger Pulp Defects: A Retrospective Study.

Introduction: Whether an innervated reverse digital artery island flap is superior remains controversial. To date, no thorough investigation has been undertaken regarding the exact factors underlying this phenomenon. We aim to systematically summarize the innervated reverse digital artery island flap by leveraging our dataset and extract the key contributing factors.

The microbial revolution: Akkermansia muciniphila's role in overcoming immunotherapy challenges.

As research on tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) has deepened, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have contributed to fundamental changes in the treatment of various cancers recently. As an immune checkpoint molecule, programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) is instrumental in dampening immune reactions and fostering tolerance. Accordingly, programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) resulted in tumor immune evasion by engaging with PD-1, potentially leading to the therapeutic failure.

Hemodynamic characterization of spontaneous isolated superior mesenteric artery dissection revealed by patient-specific computational fluid dynamics.

Background: Spontaneous isolated superior mesenteric artery dissection (SISMAD) is a rare but potentially lethal vascular emergency with unclear pathogenesis. While hemodynamic forces are implicated in its development, current understanding remains limited by the lack of patient-specific data. This study aimed to characterize the detailed hemodynamic environment in SISMAD using patient-specific computational fluid dynamics modeling.

Crosstalk between perivascular adipose tissue and adipocyte-derived peptide in the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy.

Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a prevalent complication in diabetic patients, and its pathogenic mechanism involves multiple endocrine and metabolic factors, with dyslipidemia playing a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of the disease. Recent studies have highlighted the importance of peptides in energy metabolism and their potential effect on the onset and development of DCM by affecting the function of perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT). The present review aims to examine the effect of these peptides on perivascular adipose tissue and myocardial metabolism during the pathogenesis of DCM, focusing on the role of peptides distributed in perivascular adipose tissue in cardioprotection and their underlying mechanisms of action.

Long-term muscle-sparing benefits of proximal gastrectomy in elderly patients with upper-third early gastric cancer: A propensity score-matched analysis.

Background: As the global population ages, surgical strategies must shift from focusing solely on cancer control to prioritizing functional longevity. Laparoscopic proximal gastrectomy (LPG) has emerged as a potential organ-preserving alternative to laparoscopic total gastrectomy (LTG) for early upper-third gastric cancer (GC). However, the comparative efficacy of LPG versus LTG in elderly patients remains uncertain, as this population is more vulnerable to surgical stress due to age-related multimorbidity and frailty.

Comparative analysis of overlap and π-shaped esophagojejunostomy in totally laparoscopic total gastrectomy with propensity score matching.

This study aims to compare the short-term therapeutic effects, surgical efficacy, and safety of esophagojejunostomy using the overlap and π-shaped methods in totally laparoscopic total gastrectomy (TLTG). A retrospective analysis was performed on 304 patients who underwent TLTG with either the overlap or π-shaped anastomosis from January 2019 to October 2023. Propensity score matching (PSM) was applied to adjust for potential confounders.

Decreased brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression in chronic kidney disease: integrated clinical and experimental evidence.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive disorder characterized by declining renal function and systemic metabolic disturbances. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a key member of the neurotrophic family, plays critical roles in neuronal function and muscular metabolism. However, the evidence and regulatory mechanisms underlying decreased BDNF levels in CKD remain inconclusive.

Amide proton transfer-weighted MRI distinguishes hepatocellular carcinoma from mass-forming intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.

Objective: To investigate the potential of amide proton transfer-weighted (APTw) MRI in differentiating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) from mass-forming intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (MF-ICC).

Methods: 76 Patients with histo-pathologically confirmed HCC or MF-ICC underwent dynamic contrast enhanced(DCE) MRI,APTw and DWI. Mean APTw and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of liver tumors were measured independently by two radiologists.

Human Amniotic Epithelial Stem Cell Exosomes Regulate Chondrocyte Ferroptosis through ACTA2-AS1-Targeted Binding to ACSL4 for Osteoarthritis Intervention.

The inhibition of ferroptosis, a widespread form of nonapoptotic cell death, is considered a promising therapeutic approach for osteoarthritis (OA). Human amniotic epithelial stem cells (hAESCs) maintain multipotent differentiation potential, no tumorigenicity, low immunogenicity, and anti-inflammatory properties, rendering them highly biocompatible stem cells. Exosomes (Exo) are vesicular carriers for intercellular communication that participate importantly in regulating disease progression through paracrine signaling.

Effects of combining epidural with general anesthesia on postoperative sleep and pain in elderly patients undergoing gastrointestinal tumor surgery: a prospective randomized trial.

Purpose: Postoperative sleep disturbance is one of the most important factors affecting rapid postoperative recovery. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of combined epidural and general anesthesia on postoperative sleep and pain in elderly patients undergoing gastrointestinal tumor surgery.

Patients And Methods: Ninety patients who were scheduled to undergo elective gastrointestinal tumor surgery were randomly divided into the general anesthesia (GA) and epidural combined with GA (GEA) groups.

Novel treatment strategies for lymphangioleiomyomatosis: a narrative review.

Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a rare multisystemic disease primarily affecting women, manifested as cystic lung destruction, angiomyolipomas (AMLs) and lymphagioleiomyomas. The hallmark of LAM is the presence of abnormal perivascular epithelioid cells, referred to as LAM cells. LAM is classified into tuberous sclerosis-associated (TSC) and sporadic forms according to the presence or absence of TSC gene mutations.

The impact of environmental toxicants on gestational diabetes mellitus: Investigating the mediating role of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a significant metabolic disorder characterized by the elevated glucose level first detected during pregnancy, influencing approximately 14 % of pregnancies globally. Given the rising prevalence of environmental toxicants and their potential impact on maternal health, it is imperative to explore the relationship between environmental exposures and GDM. This study aimed to investigate the mediating role of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC) in this context, demonstrating that exposure to environmental toxicants may influence GDM risk through some pathways.

Identification and Mechanistic Studies of Key Genes in Thalamic Hemorrhage Pain by Multi-omics.

Background: Thalamic hemorrhage pain (THP), a subtype of central post-stroke pain (CPSP), commonly develops following ischemic or hemorrhagic injury to the thalamus. Current therapeutic options remain inadequate due to the absence of well-defined molecular targets. This study aimed to elucidate critical genes implicated in THP pathogenesis through an integrated multi-omics approach.

New trends and hotspots in sepsis-related protein post-translational modification: a bibliometric and visual analysis.

Background: Sepsis is a clinical syndrome characterized by high morbidity and mortality rates, posing a severe threat to human health. Its pathophysiology is complex, involving multiple physiological and pathological processes. Protein post-translational modification (PTM) play a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of sepsis by regulating inflammation, immune responses, and organ dysfunction.