Effect of LPJZ-658 on caecum microbiota and serum metabolomics of Luhua broiler.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation of LPJZ-658 on body weight and serum indexes of Luhua broiler, and to explore the relevant mechanism of probiotic function of LPJZ-658 based on intestinal microbiota and serum metabolomics.

Methods: One hundred one-day-old Luhua broiler were randomly divided into the control group (CON) and LPJZ-658 treatment group (LPJZ-658). The CON group was fed a basal diet, and the LPJZ-658 group was fed the basal diet supplemented with 2 × 10 cfu/kg of LPJZ-658.

Mechanoenzymatic Reactions: Current Applications, Mechanistic Insights, and Future Challenges.

In the context of the escalating shortage of global resources, mechanoenzymology has emerged as a transformative platform for the production of economically viable, high-value products. This innovative method employs mechanical force to drive enzyme-catalyzed reactions, demonstrating significant advantages in terms of green chemistry indicators, catalytic efficiency, and process sustainability. It has proven successful in various fields, including food processing, biopharmaceutical, and biomass resources development.

Activation of the TLR2/NF-κB signaling axis by capsid proteinVP1 of feline calicivirus promotes IL-1β expression in vitro.

Feline calicivirus (FCV) induces systemic inflammation in felines, posing a serious threat to feline health worldwide. Severe cases may lead to chronic stomatitis and other inflammatory conditions. However, the precise mechanisms underlying FCV-induced inflammation remain unclear.

Multi-omics dissection of metabolic and transcriptional regulation underlying fruit maturation in Panax ginseng.

Background: Panax ginseng is a perennial plant valued for its medicinal and nutritional properties. Its fruit contains a variety of bioactive compounds such as ginsenosides, flavonoids, phenolic acids, and anthocyanins. However, the regulatory mechanisms underlying the accumulation of these compounds during fruit development remain largely unexplored.

Genome-wide study and expression analysis of soybean ERF transcription factors and overexpression of GmERF205 enhances drought resistance in soybean.

Background: Soybean (Glycine max) is an important food crop in China. In recent years, the continuous deterioration of environmental conditions has significantly affected the growth and development of soybean, particularly under drought stress. Ethylene-responsive element binding factor (ERF) transcription factors, which are unique to plants, play crucial roles in various physiological and biochemical processes during plant growth and development.

The new SCCmec type methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus carried CRISPR-cas system isolated from a pig in China.

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) lineages circulate globally in healthcare, community, and livestock-associated (LA) settings. Nine MRSA isolates were recovered from swine in China, all exhibiting resistance to ampicillin and multidrug resistance phenotypes. Among eight ST9-t899 isolates, SCCmec type XII(9C2) predominated.

Integrated multi-omics unravels bioactive metabolic networks during red chicory heading.

Red chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) is a leafy vegetable rich in bioactive compounds; however, the metabolic mechanisms underlying its nutritional quality during heading remain poorly understood. A comparison of basic nutritional components across ten inbred lines identified LC018 as exhibiting superior nutrient accumulation.

Targeting Urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) in cancer therapy: Insights from the development of small-molecule inhibitors.

Cancer is characterized by the uncontrolled proliferation of cells that can invade and metastasize to distant organs, with metastasis accounting for over 90 % of cancer-related mortalities. The urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR), a critical hub for cancer proliferation and metastasis, angiogenesis, and inflammation, emerges as a promising anti-cancer and anti-metastasis target. Developing small-molecule inhibitors that disrupt the interaction between uPAR and its ligand, urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA), constitutes a major focus in anticancer drug discovery.

Antibacterial Activity of Bacteriocin-Like Inhibitory Substances (BLIS) of PG-11 against Typhimurium.

Typhimurium is a major cause of foodborne illness. This study investigated the antibacterial activity, characterization, and mode of action of bacteriocin-like inhibitory substances (BLIS) produced by PG-11, isolated from traditional Chinese kimchi. The BLIS of PG-11 exhibited strong antibacterial activity against .

Ovalbumin Peptide-Selenium Nanoparticles Alleviate Immune Suppression in Cyclophosphamide-Induced Mice: A Combined Transcriptomic and Proteomic Approach to Reveal the Mechanism.

Immunocompromise is a growing health concern, and food-derived immunomodulators are expected to serve as a valuable supplement to traditional drug therapies. Ovalbumin peptide (OP) was employed as a stabilizer to prepare OP-selenium nanoparticles (OP-SeNPs), which showed immunomodulatory effects in vitro; however, the effects and underlying mechanisms in vivo were not yet fully understood. This study investigated the immunomodulatory activity of OP-SeNPs in cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced immunosuppressed mice on immune organs, molecules, and cells, with the underlying mechanism explored by transcriptomic and proteomic studies.

Oxidative Stress, Energy Metabolism Disorder, Mitochondrial Damage, and miR-144 Participated in Molecular Mechanisms of 4-Octylphenol-Caused Cardiac Autophagic Damage in Common Carps ( L.).

: In 4-octylphenol (4-OP), a toxic environmental pollutant with endocrine disruptive effect, the use of 4-OP causes pollution in the freshwater environment and poses risks to aquatic organisms. Common carps ( L.) live in freshwater and are experimental animals for studying the toxic effects of environmental pollutants on fish.

Modifying Antimicrobial Peptides with Albumin-Binding Molecules Enhances Membrane-Disrupting Efficacy by Modulating the Secondary Structure.

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are powerful tools in combating drug-resistant bacteria. However, their clinical application is hindered by poor pharmacokinetics and suboptimal antimicrobial activity. This study proposes a strategy to enhance the antimicrobial activity and biosafety of AMPs by modification with albumin-binding molecules (ABMs).

Effects of maternal rumen microbiota on the development of the microbial communities in the gastrointestinal tracts of neonatal sika deer.

This study investigated whether the microbial assemblages in the gastrointestinal tracts (GITs) of sika deer calves can be manipulated by maternal rumen microbiota transplantation (MRMT). The results suggest that MRMT had no significant effect on the growth of calves but markedly lowered the duration of diarrhea and increased rumen fermentation in sika deer calves. Sequencing analysis of 16S rRNA gene amplicons revealed that MRMT increased the ability of some microbial taxa to colonize the GIT or enabled the colonization of others, which caused the ruminal microbial communities in sika deer calves to shift such that they resembled those of their mothers and promoted the temporal development of gut microbial diversity in deer calves.

Genomic epidemiology and characterization of isolates from raw milk in Jilin, China: evidence of contamination with -positive, -positive, and -positive strains and human-livestock transmission.

Jilin province is the primary region for dairy cow and milk production in China. However, there are few reports on the genetic characteristics, antibiotic resistance, and prevalence of () in raw milk. Between 2021 and 2022, researchers identified 214 strains, with a prevalence rate of 42.

MiRNA-24 downregulates KLF6 affecting STAT3 protein expression and phosphorylation regulating melanogenesis in cashmere goat coat.

Objective: This study revealed that miRNA-24 downregulates KLF6, regulating melanogenesis in the coat of Cashmere goats.

Methods: The correlation between miRNA-24 and coat color was determined by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). GO/KEGG analysis and bioinformatics tools were used to screen for target genes.

Investigation of genomic islands involved in antimicrobial resistance in Proteus mirabilis isolated from swine.

Objectives: Proteus mirabilis (P. mirabilis), a Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium, is ubiquitously present in natural environments as well as within the intestinal tracts of humans and animals. We isolated P.

Naturally Occurring New Peptides From Velvet Antler of Cervus nippon Temminck: Structural Characterization and Organic Synthesis, Antioxidant and Anti-melanogenic Effects Using In Vitro Cell Models and In Vivo Zebrafish Models.

The aim of this study was to reveal the chemical basis and mechanism of antioxidant and anti-melanin effects of the Cervus nippon Temminck velvet antler. The water extract and four enzymatic products (Alcalase, pepsin, protamex, and trypsin) were screened for their activities by 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-trinitrophenyl hydrazine free radical scavenging activities. Ultrafiltration and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry characterization followed.

FM3VCF: A software library for accelerating the loading of large VCF files in genotype data analyses.

The increasing size of genotype data has led to the loading of VCF files becoming a computational bottleneck in various analyses, including imputation and genome-wide association studies (GWAS). To address this issue, we developed a software library, FM3VCF (fast M3VCF), that utilizes multiple CPU threads to accelerate this process and compress VCF files into the more compact M3VCF format. FM3VCF can convert VCF files into the exclusive data format of MINIMAC4 and M3VCF and can efficiently read and parse data from VCF files.

LcTprxII Overexpression Enhances Physiological and Biochemical Effects in Maize Under Alkaline (NaCO) Stress.

Alkaline stress limits crop productivity by causing osmotic and oxidative damage. This study investigated the new gene LcTprxII, a type II peroxiredoxin encoded by Leymus chinensis, and its role in enhancing alkaline stress tolerance in transgenic maize. The gene was cloned, overexpressed, and characterized using RT-PCR, phylogenetic analysis, and motif identification.

Associations of ruminal microbiota with susceptibility to subacute ruminal acidosis in dairy goats.

Long-term feeding of high-concentrate diets (HCD) to ruminants often leads to subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA). The fact that some ruminants adapt to HCD without developing SARA suggests that the ruminal microbiota communities may play a role in the susceptibility to this disorder. To address this hypothesis, 20 dairy goats were fed an HCD consisting of 30 % forage and 70 % concentrate for 10 weeks.

Quantification of an integrated approach to heavy metal source apportionment and probabilistic health risk assessment in the black soil region of central Jilin Province, China.

The northeast black soil region is critical for grain production in China but has experienced significant heavy metals (HMs) contamination due to intensive agriculture. This study investigates the levels of Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, As, Pb, and Hg in agricultural soils within the black soil region of central Jilin Province. Enrichment factor (EF) and geo-accumulation index (Igeo) indicate that Ni and Cr are significantly affected by human activities, with notable pollution levels.

miRNA-200a suppresses GNAI1 and PLCB4 to modulate skin pigmentation in cashmere goats.

Coat colour formation in mammals is influenced by melanogenesis and pigmentation processes regulated by miRNAs, including miRNA-200a. Although miRNA-200a is differentially expressed in the skin of cashmere goats with varying coat colours, its regulatory mechanism remains unclear. In this study, miRNA-200a target genes were predicted using miRBase and TargetScan, identifying GNAI1 and PLCB4 as the target genes through GO and KEGG analyses.

Physiological and biochemical mechanisms of taste decrease in high tasting japonica rice under warming at growth stages.

In order to better understand the response of the taste of high-tasting japonica rice in cool regions to climate warming, we have set up warming treatments at six growth stages in the field in two years: the before heading stage (T1), the whole growth stage (T2), the grain-filling stage (T3), the early grain-filling stage (T4), the middle grain-filling stage (T5) and the late grain-filling stage (T6). Except for T6, which showed no significant changes, all other treatments had varying degrees of negative effects on the taste value of milled rice, with T2 and T3 being the most serious, followed by T1, and finally T4 and T5. The taste value of milled rice was positively correlated with amylopectin content, total starch content, peak viscosity (PV), breakdown (BD), and negatively correlated with protein content, amylose content, hot pasting viscosity (HPV) and setback (SB).

The complete mitochondrial genome of and its phylogenetic analysis.

The long-tailed ground squirrel () is primarily distributed in various regions, including Xinjiang and Heilongjiang in China, as well as in Siberia, Mongolia, the Russian Federation, and Kazakhstan. In this study, we report the complete mitochondrial genomes of . The genome consists of 16,456 base pairs, including 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, 2 rRNA genes, and a control region.

Distribution of runs of homozygosity in Lactuca species and its implications for plant breeding and evolutionary conservation.

Runs of homozygosity (ROH) have been extensively investigated to uncover the genomic inbred regions that reflect past population and breeding histories. In this study, we have explored the distribution and number of ROH in different Lactuca species including the cultivated lettuce varieties and their wild relatives. Next generation sequencing (NGS) technology provides the unique opportunity to study the genomes with resolution up to per-base-pair and we could compute ROH in the highest accuracy using NGS data.