Spatial distributions of biogenic sulfur compounds and isoprene in the tropical western Pacific Ocean: Implications for air-sea fluxes and deep-ocean reservoirs.

Simultaneous measurements of dimethylsulfide (DMS) and isoprene in seawater and the overlying atmosphere were conducted in the tropical western Pacific Ocean during February-March 2017. Surface seawater exhibited a strong correlation between DMS and dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP), with similar spatial distributions, whereas dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) displayed an opposing trend. Latitudinal and vertical profiles of DMS, DMSP, and isoprene revealed their pronounced dependence on biological factors, particularly in subsurface layers.

Metabolic rewiring and morphological adaptations drive bacterial strain-specific cadmium defense in the Yangtze River estuary.

Cadmium (Cd) contamination in coastal regions poses severe environmental risks, yet bacterial defense mechanisms against Cd remain poorly understood. This study unveils distinct tolerant strategies of two highly Cd-tolerant bacteria isolated from the Yangtze River estuary: Comamonas sp. Y49 and Aeromonas sp.

Characterization of a hyaluronic acid utilization locus and identification of hyaluronate lyases in human gut bacterium Enterococcus faecalis F1221.

Hyaluronic acid (HA), a linear glycosaminoglycan, serves as a key structural constituent of extracellular matrices, participating in diverse biological processes across both normal physiological and pathological contexts. While the gut microbiota exerts a pivotal influence on HA utilization within the human body, current scientific literature indicates a limited understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying this interaction. In this study, a gut bacterium Enterococcus faecalis F1221 has been isolated, which demonstrated the ability to degrade HA.

Integrating hematological profile and biomarker analysis for metals and metalloids ecotoxicological assessment on Wallago catfish and Indian carp health in Head Siphon, Mailsi, Pakistan.

Bioaccumulation of metals and metalloids in marine environments poses a significant risk to both human and aquatic health, with seasonal fluctuations substantially influencing its dynamics and magnitude. This study investigated the impact of metals and metalloids exposure on the health of Wallago attu (Wallago catfish) and Catla catla (Indian carp) inhabiting the Head Siphon, Mailsi, Pakistan. This study involved the seasonal (May 2022, October 2022, April 2023) assessment of physicochemical properties and the concentrations of several metals and metalloids-copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn), and iron (Fe)-in water samples.

[Advances in the development of analysis techniques for organophosphate diesters in water].

Organophosphate triesters （tri-OPEs） are synthetic phosphate derivatives that are primarily used as flame retardants and plasticizers. Tri-OPEs have become significant aquatic contaminants owing to their large production volumes and wide range of applications. Organophosphate diesters （di-OPEs） are closely related to tri-OPEs.

Density-dependent network structuring within and across wild animal systems.

Theory predicts that high population density leads to more strongly connected spatial and social networks, but how local density drives individuals' positions within their networks is unclear. This gap reduces our ability to understand and predict density-dependent processes. Here we show that density drives greater network connectedness at the scale of individuals within wild animal populations.

Contrasting seasonal variability of net community production between the Southern Yellow Sea and the Northern East China Sea during spring and summer.

The Yellow Sea (YS) and the East China Sea (ECS), which comprise continental shelves with depths of 200 m or less, are recognized as some of the most productive coastal areas globally. Although this high productivity can contribute to carbon sequestration, the spatiotemporal variability of the biological pump remains unclear. To investigate this variability, net community production (NCP) in August 2020 was estimated based on high-resolution O/Ar measurements.

DKCDC: A clustering algorithm focusing on genuine boundary search for regional division.

The majority of existing clustering algorithms, including those algorithms that focus on boundary detection, seldom account for the reasonableness and genuineness of boundaries, consequently, it is difficult to obtain well-defined boundary in clustering-based regional division. A novel boundary search Clustering algorithm integrating Direction Centrality with the Distance of K-nearest-neighbor (DKCDC) is proposed, which is capable of achieving well-defined regional boundaries, to resolve the challenges mentioned above. Firstly, the preliminary boundary of clusters are established on the basis of boundary points and initial cluster labels obtained by the Clustering algorithm using the local Direction Centrality (CDC).

High-Abundance Heterotrophic Bacteria Inhabit the 85° E Hydrothermal Plume of the Explosive Volcanic Zone at Gakkel Ridge, Arctic Ocean.

While under-ice submarine hydrothermal systems provide critical insights into extremophile adaptations, the ecological impacts of explosive volcanism on these ecosystems remain poorly constrained. We successfully detected evidence of hydrothermal activities and explosive volcanism at 85° E, the eastern volcanic zone, ultra-slow spreading Gakkel Ridge. Hydrothermal plume, surface sediments, and volcanic glass samples were systematically collected to investigate the diversity of microbial communities.

Host Shaping Associated Microbiota in Hydrothermal Vent Snails from the Indian Ocean Ridge.

Snails at hydrothermal vents rely on symbiotic bacteria for nutrition; however, the specifics of these associations in adapting to such extreme environments remain underexplored. This study investigated the community structure and metabolic potential of bacteria associated with two Indian Ocean vent snails, and . Using microscopic, phylogenetic, and metagenomic analyses, this study examines bacterial communities inhabiting the foot and gland tissues of these snails.

Incubation Experiments, Observations, and Modeling Highlight the Key Role of Dimethylmercury on Seawater Methylmercury Distributions.

The origin of the bioaccumulative neurotoxin methylmercury (MeHg) in the ocean remains elusive. The current paradigm suggests that the microbial methylation of inorganic Hg within the oceanic water column produces monomethylmercury (MMHg) and potentially dimethylmercury (DMHg). Reaction rates and main drivers governing MeHg levels (sum of MMHg and DMHg) are poorly constrained.

Continental-scale metabolomic fingerprint and antialgal activity of coastal invasive plant Spartina alterniflora: regional heterogeneity and driving factors.

Spartina alterniflora as a potential algaecide has invaded coastal ecosystems globally. However, the regional heterogeneity and driving factors of the metabolomic fingerprint in S. alterniflora are still unknown.

Quantifying sources of floating marine debris on the coasts of the Balearic islands.

Identifying the sources of pollutants remains as one of the main challenges in research on marine debris pollution, which mainly consists of what is known as marine litter. In this work, we develop a method to estimate the origin of marine debris found along the coasts of the Balearic Islands during the summers of 2014-2021. We combine detailed records from coastal clean-up campaigns with ocean currents simulations from a high-resolution model to perform a probabilistic tracking of debris motion.

On a Collection of Rocky Intertidal Xanthid Crabs (Crustacea, Decapoda, Xanthidae) from Taiwan, with Description of a New Species of Cyclodius Dana 1851.

Over 110 specimens of xanthid crabs collected from rocky intertidal habitats in Taiwan and its offshore islands over the past 25+ years were examined in the present study. As a result, 24 species were recognized, distributed across seven subfamilies and 16 genera including one new genus record (, Calman, 1909) for Taiwan. Of these recognized species, 14 have been previously reported from Taiwan, whereas five are new records for Taiwan, one new to science, and four unnamed species.

The effect of ocean alkalinity enhancement on zooplankton standing stock and community composition in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea: a mesocosm study.

Ocean acidification (OA) due to anthropogenic CO2 emissions has significantly altered ocean chemistry since the industrial era. Ocean alkalinity enhancement (OAE) is an innovative strategy to mitigate excess CO, with ocean liming (OL) serving as a potential carbon dioxide removal (CDR) method, through the spreading of Ca(OH) (slaked lime) at the ocean surface. This study examined the ecological effects of OL on a natural zooplankton community from the ultraoligotrophic Eastern Mediterranean Sea during a 14-day mesocosm experiment conducted in spring-summer.

Metal bioaccumulation in edible fauna and phytoremediation by mangroves in the Mandovi Estuary, India.

The study investigated bioaccumulation of metals in edible bivalves and crustaceans in the Mandovi Estuary, assessing the potential toxicity to biota and human consumers. Additionally, it examined the phytoremediation potential of mangrove species in the Mandovi Estuary. The concentration of essential (Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Co and Ni) and toxic (Hg) metals exceeded the upper crustal average, indicating their anthropogenic contribution to estuarine environment.

Phylogenetically and metabolically diverse active carbon-fixing microbes reside in mangrove sediments.

Background: Mangroves are hotspots of carbon sequestration in transitional zones between marine and terrestrial ecosystems. Microbially driven dark carbon fixation (DCF) is prominent in sediments, yet our understanding of the DCF process across this continuum remains limited. In this study, we explored DCF activities and associated chemoautotrophs along the sediment depth of different mangrove sites in Fujian Province, China, using radiocarbon labeling and molecular techniques.

Microplastics and coliforms distribution in distinctive magnetic minerals content beaches of Northwest coast of India under typical metocean conditions.

A study of microplastic distribution and magnetic mineral deposition would aid in comprehending the force of interaction between microplastics and magnetic minerals and transport of microplastic as a result of microplastic current. Ambient physical processes such as tide, current, wind, wave should have significant role in the transportation of marine plastic litter and conversion of this plastic waste to microplastic. Two sampling stations viz.

Exploring the potential of cold patches as an indicator for algal bloom occurrence and migration.

Harmful algal blooms-such as green tides and brown algae blooms-frequently occur near the Subei Shoal in the southwestern Yellow Sea. The locations and migration paths of these algae vary each year, and there is a lack of an appropriate oceanographic indicator for monitoring and prediction. We extracted cold patches from sea surface temperature data and used them to fit the spatial and temporal variations in phytoplankton growth.

Re-isolation of Gonyaulax hyalina from the type locality in the Gulf of Aden: Integrated analysis of morphological, molecular, and toxicological characteristics.

This study provides a comprehensive investigation of Gonyaulax hyalina, integrating morphological, phylogenetic, and toxicological approaches. Strains were re-isolated from its type locality in the Gulf of Aden (western Indian Ocean) 124 years after its original description by Ostenfeld and Schmidt (1901, p. 141), along with additional Pacific strains collected from Korea and Viet Nam.

The Impact of Artificial Water Diversion-induced Algal Blooms on Carbon Balance in a Semi-enclosed Bay.

Artificial water diversion is widely used to address water security; yet, its impacts on phytoplankton communities and coastal carbon balance remain poorly understood. Using a seasonal diversion project in a semi-enclosed bay as a case study, we analyzed phytoplankton composition via morphological methods and assessed carbon balance through simultaneous measurements of primary production (P), ecosystem respiration rate (R), and production-to-respiration (PP/R) ratio. Our results showed that artificial water diversion activities during the wet month enhanced hydrological connectivity and phytoplankton homogeneity, triggering a mixed diatom-dinoflagellate bloom.

Seasonal Variation in In Hospite but Not Free-Living, Symbiodiniaceae Communities Around Hainan Island, China.

Coral reefs are increasingly threatened by global climate change, and mass bleaching and mortality events caused by elevated seawater temperature have led to coral loss worldwide. Hainan Island hosts extensive coral reef ecosystems in China, yet seasonal variation in Symbiodiniaceae communities within this region remains insufficiently understood. We aimed to investigate the temperature-driven adaptability regulation of the symbiotic Symbiodiniaceae community in reef-building corals, focusing on the environmental adaptive changes in its community structure in coral reefs between cold (23.

Effect of Defatting Method on the Nutritional, Functional, and Bioactive Properties of Black Soldier Fly Larvae.

Defatting methods are key to modulating the nutritional, functional, and bioactive characteristics of edible insect powders. This study evaluated the effects of mechanical pressing and ethanol-based solvent extraction on larvae powder. Solvent-defatted samples (DPSs) showed the highest protein content (54.

Occurrence and degradation of emerging antibiotic-resistant bacteria in riverine environment with sono, photo, and sonophotocatalytic oxidation under low-frequency ultrasound and sunlight.

The current study reports the prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, Escherichia coli (E. coli) in riverine environments and their removal using advanced oxidation processes such as sonocatalysis (ultrasound), photocatalysis (sunlight), and sonophotocatalysis (ultrasound/sunlight) techniques utilizing zinc oxide (ZnO) as the catalyst. Results showed that about 96% of the E.

Proteome-Wide 4-Hydroxy-2-Nonenal Signature of Oxidative Stress in the Marine Invasive Tunicate Botryllus schlosseri.

The ascidian Boytryllus schlosseri is a marine chordate that thrives under conditions of anthropogenic climate change. The B. schlosseri expressed proteome contains unusually high levels of proteins adducted with 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE).