Degradation of bisphenol A during heat-activated peroxodisulfate treatment: kinetics, mechanism, and transformation products.

In this study, we systematically investigated the degradation kinetics, mechanism, and transformation products of bisphenol A (BPA) in a heat-activated peroxodisulfate (heat/PDS) system. The pseudo-first-order rate constants ( ) values of BPA increased with initial PDS dosage (0-1.0 mM), temperature (50-65 °C), and solution pH (4.

Reducing greenhouse gas emissions via harvest residue management in eucalyptus afforestation on Brazilian sandy soils.

Introduction: The greenhouse gas balance is a central theme in discussions related to forest ecosystems. In this context, the present study evaluated the impact of five eucalyptus harvest residue management systems on atmospheric C-CO retention in soil, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and the global warming potential (GWP) in plantations.

Methods: The management systems examined were: AR - all harvest residues retained on soil; NB - harvest residues kept on soil, except bark; NBr - harvest residues kept on soil, except branches; NR - all harvest residues (bark, branches, leaves) removed; NRs - all residues from the previous rotation and new plantation litter removed using shade cloth.

From Visualization to Mechanism: Uncovering Early Fouling Dynamics in Nanofiltration through LIF Experiments.

Early fouling in nanofiltration membranes critically impacts long-term performance and operational efficiency, yet its dynamic evolution remains poorly understood due to limitations in real-time characterization. This study employs laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) technology to visualize and quantify the spatiotemporal development of early fouling during the initial 120 min of filtration. Combined with discrete phase model (DPM) simulations, the work reveals how cross-flow velocity and transmembrane pressure modulate early fouling behavior.

Sulfur-Engineered Second-Shell in Fe-N Catalysts: Dual Active Sites Harmonized Activity and Stability in Real Water Environment.

Single-atom catalysts (SACs) exhibit outstanding catalytic activity, yet their application in real complex environments is constrained by the single active sites and instabilities that are susceptible to inactivation. Extensive efforts have been made to regulate the metal coordination environment, but the catalytic role of nonmetal dopants, especially beyond the first shell, remains underexplored. Herein, S-engineered second-shell Fe single-atom catalysts (FeNSC) are reported, in which S sites not only function as additional nonmetallic active sites separated from Fe but also reinforce the stability of the catalysts.

Interactions of Aqueous Microdroplets and Mineral Particles Drive Fluorine-First Perfluoroalkyl Mineralization.

Anthropogenic perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are pervasive contaminants subject to increasingly stringent regulatory thresholds in water resources. Current nonthermal defluorination strategies face critical limitations, including incomplete mineralization, yielding persistent short-chain PFAS byproducts, and residual fluoride ions, thereby hindering compliance with water quality standards. Herein, we demonstrate that wollastonite-bearing microdroplets prioritize defluorination over C-C scission in perfluoroalkyl chains through liquid-solid-gas triple-phase contact electrification.

.

Light plays a pivotal role in regulating plant physiological processes. However, the influence of specific light wavelengths on plant defense to pathogen infection remains insufficiently explored. We investigated the role of different light wavelengths, with a particular focus on green light (GL), in modulating disease responses and signaling in Arabidopsis.

NH, NO, NO and NO losses, emission factors and reduction mechanisms under different N managements from greenhouse vegetable soils.

Excessive nitrogen (N) application in greenhouse cultivation has led to substantial reactive N (Nr) emissions from soils, necessitating effective mitigation strategies. This study presents simultaneous high-frequency monitoring of ammonia (NH) volatilization, nitrous oxide (NO), nitric oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO) emissions across three greenhouse vegetable seasons (tomato, cabbage and lettuce) under different N management regimes. Key findings reveal that emission factors of NH, NO, NO, and NO were 0.

Effect of cognitive reserve on cognitive function and cognitive deterioration in Parkinson's disease: a longitudinal cohort study.

Background: Previous cross-sectional work has suggested that higher cognitive reserve (CR) is associated with better cognitive performance and slower cognitive decline in Parkinson's disease (PD); however, these findings need confirmation in prospective longitudinal designs. The current study therefore examined how CR influences both cognitive function and the rate of cognitive deterioration in a longitudinal PD cohort.

Methods: This study utilized a prospective, longitudinal design and recruited participants from Tianjin Huanhu Hospital between September 2017-September 2019.

Single-Atom Catalysts for CO Reduction to Oxalate: Theoretical Design and Reaction Condition Prediction.

The electrochemical conversion of carbon dioxide (CO) into high-value-added products under mild conditions is crucial for achieving carbon neutrality. Oxalate (CO) is one of the most important industrial raw materials and is widely used as a reducing agent in the fields of medicine, dyeing, and plastics yet faces challenges in efficient C-C bond formation under mild conditions. In this study, we investigate the reduction of CO to CO using single-atom catalysts (SACs) with M-N-C configurations, employing density functional theory (DFT) to assess their catalytic performance under varying reaction conditions.

Remediation effects of straw combined with microbial agents on cinnamon soils with varying degradation based on metagenomics and untargeted metabolome.

Microbial agents show potential for improving soil quality and crop yield. However, in the context of different soil degraded degrees, the effects of straw combined with microbial agents on soil microbial communities and their associated metabolic processes remain insufficiently explored. Here, we conducted pot experiments using cinnamon soils at three degradation levels (highly, moderately, and non-degraded), applying straw alone or straw combined with microbial agents during alfalfa cultivation.

Urban-rural inequality in lung cancer risk from indoor air pollution: Prolonged indoor time amplifies the risks of solid fuel use.

Indoor air pollution, particularly from solid fuel use, poses serious health risks. While some studies have examined additive interactions between environmental factors and genetic susceptibility, few have assessed such synergy using indoor time duration as a behaviorally grounded potential proxy of cumulative exposure, limiting the development of effective management strategies and policies. This matched case-control study investigated 286 non-smoking participants in China, emphasizing urban-rural disparities.

Polychlorinated biphenyls-153 induces fat accumulation and lifespan shortening through CYP450 family genes in Caenorhabditis elegans.

A class of persistent organic pollutants, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), are ubiquitous in the environment and human tissues which are continuously and long-term threatened. We aim to investigate the toxic effects and the underlying mechanisms of PCB153 using Caenorhabditis elegans as a model organism. Our findings demonstrated that exposure to an optimized concentration of 2 µmol/L PCB153 had adverse effects on C.

Probabilistic ecological risk characterizing and source-specific risk apportionment of antibiotics in rivers in the sub-center of Beijing, China.

The widespread occurrence of antibiotics in urban rivers has raised global concerns for ecological security. Quantitative source-specific risk apportionment of antibiotics is crucial for targeted and effective ecological risk management, but is rarely studied. In this study, a source-specific ecological risk apportionment model for antibiotics was developed by combining the ecological risk quotient (RQ) method and the positive matrix factorization (PMF) model.

Impact of biomass burning on HONO chemistry and atmospheric oxidation capacity in the Yangtze River delta, China.

Extensive research confirms that biomass burning (BB) significantly contributes to particulate matter and gaseous pollutant emissions. Open burning of wheat straw is particularly common during the harvest season, directly affecting air quality and atmospheric oxidation capacity. In this study, nitrous acid (HONO) and associated atmospheric species were investigated during the BB season at a suburban station, as part of the 2018 EXPLORE-YRD campaign.

Tunable surface potential nanomaterials for enhanced environmental nucleic acid extraction and surveillance.

Environmental nucleic acid (eNA) technology is an essential tool for public health and environmental management, including virus surveillance and antibiotic resistance gene (ARG) monitoring. However, large-scale, high-frequency eNA analysis remains challenging due to existing extraction techniques being inefficient, time-consuming, and reliant on specialized equipment. This study introduces a versatile eNA extraction approach using a reusable magnetic material with tunable surface potential (TPMP), achieving ∼90 % recovery efficiency within 60 min and demonstrating superior enrichment across various eNA forms.

Ultrasonic-acidification coupled backwash-mixing technology in wastewater filtration system: Determination and optimisation of cleaning parameters.

A filtration system is crucial for recycling wastewater, with the filter as its core component. However, traditional filters struggle with rapid cleaning due to wastewater complexity, which challenges the sustainable operation of filtration systems. This study proposes a new method of mixed ultrasound assisted acid backwashing, however, the optimal cleaning parameters for this method are not yet clear.

Rapid and Sensitive Fluorometric Quantification of Black Carbon in Biological Fluids.

The increase in wildfire frequency worldwide has contributed to persistent atmospheric black carbon (BC) pollution, which was closely relative to multiple adverse health effects. Accurate quantification of BC in biological tissues and fluids is fundamental for evaluating its health effect; however, existing analytical methodologies are hindered by time-consuming protocols, low throughput, and the need for expensive instrumental infrastructure. In this study, we developed a fluorometric method for quantifying BC in various biological fluids with the advantages of simplicity, high sensitivity, and low cost.

Arbuscular mycorrhizal association regulates global root-seed coordination.

Terrestrial plants exhibit immense variation in their form and function among species. Coordination between resource acquisition by roots and reproduction through seeds could promote the fitness of plant populations. How root and seed traits covary has remained unclear until our analysis of the largest-ever compiled joint global dataset of root traits and seed mass.

Kirkendall Effect-Driven Interface Engineering Facilitates Water Dissociation for Dual-Site HO Electrosynthesis Simultaneously at the Anode and Cathode.

The direct integration of renewable energy into HO electrosynthesis systems offers a promising strategy to minimize energy losses and costs. Due to the intermittency of renewable energy, the dual-site catalysts must efficiently enable both the two-electron oxygen reduction reaction (2e ORR) and water oxidation reaction (2e WOR). The Kirkendall effect was employed to engineer interfaces and construct a NiZnO─C catalyst with exposed (100) facets.

A new squat lobster (Crustacea, Decapoda, Munidopsidae) from the western Atlantic with redescription of Benedict, 1902 and several range extensions.

The western Atlantic Ocean harbors a rich fauna of deep-sea squat lobsters that have been intensively studied during the last two centuries. We revise material recently collected by trawls, ROV and submersibles on several expeditions in the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea. Using an integrative taxonomy approach, we describe and redescribe Benedict, 1902, the latter species known only from a few records.

Enhancing Photocatalytic Decarboxylation by Frustrated Lewis Acid-Base Pairs for Efficient Degradation of Perfluorooctanoic Acid.

Recognized as a "forever chemical", perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) calls for urgent environmental cleanup. Photocatalytic degradation emerged as a sustainable solution, but it still suffers from sluggish reaction kinetics and insufficient C-F bond cleavage. Addressing the above bottlenecks, we strategically constructed frustrated Lewis acid-base pairs (FLP) on InO photocatalyst, which theoretically reduces the PFOA decarboxylation energy by 2.

Modulating photoinduced chlorine activation pathways and reactive species via facet engineering of bismuth vanadate.

Coupling heterogeneous photocatalysis with free chlorine (HOCl/ClO) emerges as an effective strategy to enhance the yield of reactive species, while the chlorine activation mechanism is yet to be clear. In this study, facet- and morphology-engineered BiVO was synthesized and employed to activate HOCl/ClO under visible light irradiation, termed as Vis/BiVO/chlorine process. The HOCl/ClO activation mechanisms in the Vis/BiVO/chlorine process was investigated through use of of oxalate (hole (h) quencher) or Cu (electron (e) shuttle).

Geospatial environmental sources of inhaled microplastics: A case in Zhuhai, China.

The impact of inhaled microplastics has emerged as a public health concern, however, the environmental sources contributing to the pulmonary microplastic burden remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the associations between environmental sources and inhaled microplastics. A total of 454 participants undergoing fiberoptic bronchoscopy in Zhuhai, China, were recruited, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples were collected.

Liquid Crystal Monomers (LCMs) of Emerging Concern: Recent Progress and Challenges in Wastewater Treatment.

Purpose of Review: Liquid crystal monomers (LCMs), used extensively in liquid crystal displays (LCDs), have emerged as persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic organic pollutants. A network analysis of SCOPUS data revealed significant knowledge gaps, especially concerning the fate of LCMs in WWTPs. The available literature highlights that influent LCM concentrations vary widely, with elevated levels linked to industrial and e-waste recycling activities.