Discovery of potential anti- natural products and their mechanistic studies using machine learning and molecular dynamic simulations.

The structure-activity analysis (SAR) and machine learning were used to investigate potential anti- agents in a faster method. In this study, 24 oxygenated benzene ring components with inhibition capacity were confirmed by literature exploring and in-house experiments, and the SAR analysis suggested that the hydroxyl group position may affect the anti- activity. The 2D-MLR-QSAR model with 9 descriptors was further evaluated as the best model among the 21 models.

Toxic effects of acaricide fenazaquin on development, hemolymph metabolome, and gut microbiome of honeybee (Apis mellifera) larvae.

Fenazaquin, a potent insecticide widely used to control phytophagous mites, has recently emerged as a potential solution for managing Varroa destructor mites in honeybees. However, the comprehensive impact of fenazaquin on honeybee health remains insufficiently understood. Our current study investigated the acute and chronic toxicity of fenazaquin to honeybee larvae, along with its influence on larval hemolymph metabolism and gut microbiota.

Serial founder effects slow range expansion in an invasive social insect.

Invasive populations often experience founder effects: a loss of genetic diversity relative to the source population, due to a small number of founders. Even where these founder effects do not impact colonization success, theory predicts they might affect the rate at which invasive populations expand. This is because secondary founder effects are generated at advancing population edges, further reducing local genetic diversity and elevating genetic load.

Prefer Mixed-Pollen Diets for a Better Colony Performance: A Laboratory Study.

Pollen is a major source of proteins and lipids for bumblebees. The nutritional content of pollen may differ from source plants, ultimately affecting colony development. This study investigated the foraging preferences of in regard to four pollen species, i.

Interaction of acetamiprid, Varroa destructor, and Nosema ceranae in honey bees.

Health of honey bees is threatened by a variety of stressors, including pesticides and parasites. Here, we investigated effects of acetamiprid, Varroa destructor, and Nosema ceranae, which act either alone or in combination. Our results suggested that interaction between the three factors was additive, with survival risk increasing as the number of stressors increased.

Imidacloprid reduces the mating success of males in bumblebees.

Bumblebees play a vital role in both natural and agricultural environments, but there has been a noticeable decline in their populations. Pesticides, particularly neonicotinoids, are widely regarded as a substantial contributing factor to the decline in bumblebee populations, as evidenced by the detrimental impacts documented across many stages of their life cycle. Mating is vital for the population maintenance of bumblebees.

Occurrence of black queen cell virus in wild bumble bee communities in China.

Wild bumble bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae) play a vital role in agro-ecosystems as important pollinators. However, they are threatened by virus pathogens that are widespread in honey bees. Previous studies have reported that viruses were able to be transmitted across bee genera and caused potential danger to wild bumble bees.

Flavor Chemical Research on Different Bee Pollen Varieties Using Fast E-Nose and E-Tongue Technology.

Bee pollen, derived from various plant sources, is renowned for its nutritional and bioactive properties, aroma, and taste. This study examined the bee pollen with the highest yield in China obtained from four plant species, namely (Bc), (Nn), (Cj), and (Fe), using fast e-nose and e-tongue technology to analyze their flavor chemistry. Results showed substantial differences in scent profiles among the varieties, with distinct odor compounds identified for each, including n-butanol, decanal, and ethanol, in Bc, Nn, and Cj, respectively.

Dynamic variation in the aroma characteristics of Rhus chinensis honey at different stages after capping.

The ripening characteristics after capping of honey are favourable for improving its quality. However, research on the variation and formation of aroma characteristics of honey in this process is lacking. Therefore, the present study was carried out with different stages of Rhus chinensis honeys (RCHs) after capping and identified 192 volatiles with varying levels of concentration.

Knockout of the delta11-desaturase SfruDES1 disrupts sex pheromone biosynthesis, mating and oviposition in the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda.

Moth insects rely on sex pheromones for long distance attraction and searching for sex partners. The biosynthesis of moth sex pheromones involves the catalytic action of multiple enzymes, with desaturases playing a crucial role in the process of carbon chain desaturation. However, the specific desaturases involved in sex pheromone biosynthesis in fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda, have not been clarified.

Interactive effects of dinotefuran and Nosema ceranae on the survival status and gut microbial community of honey bees.

Growing evidences have shown that the decline in honey bee populations is mainly caused by the combination of multiple stressors. However, the impacts of parasitic Nosema ceranae to host fitness during long-term pesticide exposure-induced stress is largely unknown. In this study, the effects of chronic exposure to a sublethal dose of dinotefuran, in the presence or absence of N.

Enrichment methods of N-linked glycopeptides from human serum or plasma: A mini-review.

Human diseases often correlate with changes in protein glycosylation, which can be observed in serum or plasma samples. N-glycosylation, the most common form, can provide potential biomarkers for disease prognosis and diagnosis. However, glycoproteins constitute a relatively small proportion of the total proteins in human serum and plasma compared to the non-glycosylated protein albumin, which constitutes the majority.

Consumption of Citric Acid by Bees Promotes the Gland Development and Enhances Royal Jelly Quality.

The glands of bees are responsible for generating and secreting various biologically active substances that significantly impact bee physiological health and adaptability. This study aimed to investigate the effects of adding citric acid (CA) to bee feed on gland development and royal jelly quality. By formulating feed with varying proportions of CA, evaluation was undertaken of pollen feeding by honeybees under laboratory conditions, along with the impact of CA on the development of major glands, to determine suitable addition proportions.

Exposure to flutolanil at environmentally relevant concentrations can induce image and non-image-forming failure of zebrafish larvae through neuro and visual disruptions.

Numerous pesticides pose a threat to aquatic ecosystems, jeopardizing aquatic animal species and impacting human health. While the contamination of aquatic environment by flutolanil and its adverse effects on animal in the treatment of rich sheath blight have been reported, the neuro-visual effects of flutolanil at environmentally relevant concentrations remain unknown. In this study, we administered flutolanil to zebrafish embryos (0, 0.

Chronic bee paralysis virus exploits host antimicrobial peptides and alters gut microbiota composition to facilitate viral infection.

The significance of gut microbiota in regulating animal immune response to viral infection is increasingly recognized. However, how chronic bee paralysis virus (CBPV) exploits host immune to disturb microbiota for its proliferation remains elusive. Through histopathological examination, we discovered that the hindgut harbored the highest level of CBPV, and displayed visible signs of damages.

Bee colonies map the short- and medium-chain chlorinated paraffin contamination from the apiary environment.

Chlorinated paraffins (CPs) are industrial chemicals that have potential adverse effects in the environment and on human health. This study investigated CPs in apiary environment, honeybees, and bee products from two rural areas of Beijing, China. The median concentrations of short-chain CPs (SCCPs) and medium-chain CPs (MCCPs) were 22 and 1.

H-NMR revealed pyruvate as a differentially abundant metabolite in the venom glands of Apis cerana and Apis mellifera.

As a common defense mechanism in Hymenoptera, bee venom has complex components. Systematic and comprehensive analysis of bee venom components can aid in early evaluation, accurate diagnosis, and protection of organ function in humans in cases of bee stings. To determine the differences in bee venom composition and metabolic pathways between Apis cerana and Apis mellifera, proton nuclear magnetic resonance ( H-NMR) technology was used to detect the metabolites in venom samples.

Grazing alters the soil nematode communities in grasslands: A meta-analysis.

Grazing causes great disturbances in grassland ecosystems and may change the abundance, diversity, and ecological function of soil biota. Because of their important role in nutrient cycling and as good environmental indicators, nematodes are very representative soil organisms. However, the mechanisms by which grazing intensity, livestock type, duration, and environmental factors (e.

Effects of periodic heat events on the reproduction and longevity of female and male Agasicles hygrophila (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae).

Alternanthera philoxeroides (Amaranthaceae), commonly known as alligator weed, is a globally invasive and detrimental perennial weed. Agasicles hygrophila serves as an important biocontrol agent for alligator weeds. However, during mid-summer, when temperatures increase, A.

Proteome-metabolome profiling of wax gland complex reveals functional changes in honeybee, L.

Wax gland complex (WGC) serves as the primary generator of beeswax; however, the dynamic biological function in wax secretion remains unclear. To elucidate the developmental mechanism of WGC, we conducted a comprehensive analysis to reveal the variations in proteins and metabolites among the newly emerged bee (NEB), wax-secreting bee (WSB), and overaged bee (OAB). We identified 3,295 proteins and 159 metabolites in WGC.

New Insights into Identification, Distribution, and Health Benefits of Polyamines and Their Derivatives.

Polyamines and their derivatives are ubiquitously present in free or conjugated forms in various foods from animal, plant, and microbial origins. The current knowledge of free polyamines in foods and their contents is readily available; furthermore, conjugated polyamines generate considerable recent research interest due to their potential health benefits. The structural diversity of conjugated polyamines results in challenging their qualitative and quantitative analysis in food.

Inhibitory effects of nobiletin-mediated interfacial instability of bile salt emulsified oil droplets on lipid digestion.

Previous lipase inhibitors studies mainly focus on the binding between inhibitors and lipase, ignoring the impact of inhibitors on the oil-water interface of lipid droplets. This study aimed to investigate the effect of nobiletin (NBT) from Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium on the oil-water interface properties and lipid digestion. Here, we found that NBT could destroy bile salt (BS)-stabilized lipid droplets and thus inhibited free fatty acid release, owing to the interaction between NBT and BS at the oil-water interface, and reducing the stability of the oil-water interface (the stability index decreased from 91.

A New Isolated Fungus and Its Pathogenicity for Brood in China.

In this article, we report the pathogenicity of a new strain of fungus, to honeybee larvae, isolated from the chalkbrood-diseased mummies of honeybee larvae and pupae collected from apiaries in China. Based on morphological observation and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region analyses, the isolated pathogenic fungus was identified as . Koch's postulates were performed to determine the cause-and-effect pathogenicity of this isolate fungus.

Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Royal Jelly in Metabolic Disorders and Gastrointestinal Diseases.

Metabolic disorders, encompassing diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, gastrointestinal disorders, etc., pose a substantial global health threat, with rising morbidity and mortality rates. Addressing these disorders is crucial, as conventional drugs often come with high costs and adverse effects.

Exploring the Chemical Constituents and Nutritive Potential of Bee Drone (Apilarnil): Emphasis on Antioxidant Properties.

A lesser-known bee product called drone brood homogenate (DBH, apilarnil) has recently attracted scientific interest for its chemical and biological properties. It contains pharmacologically active compounds that may have neuroprotective, antioxidant, fertility-enhancing, and antiviral effects. Unlike other bee products, the chemical composition of bee drone larva is poorly studied.