High-entropy spinel (FeCoNiMnCr)O nanoparticles supported on carbon nanotubes for enhanced electrochemical seawater oxidation.

High-performance, low-cost electrocatalysts are essential for freshwater-independent seawater electrolysis. We design a SWCNT-supported (FeCoNiMnCr)O high-entropy spinel oxide by a hydrothermal method and air-firing, where the conductive network enhances charge transfer and active site exposure. The catalyst achieves 282 mV@10 mA cm with 100 h stability in alkaline seawater.

On the improved estimation of the normal mixture components for longitudinal data.

When analyzing real data sets, statisticians often face the question that the data are heterogeneous and it may not necessarily be possible to model this heterogeneity directly. One natural option in this case is to use the methods based on finite mixtures. The key question in these techniques often is what is the best number of mixtures or, depending on the focus of the analysis, the best number of sub-populations when the model is otherwise fixed.

Psychology's Questionable Research Fundamentals (QRFs): Key problems in quantitative psychology and psychological measurement beyond Questionable Research Practices (QRPs).

Psychology's crises (e.g., replicability, generalisability) are currently believed to derive from Questionable Research Practices (QRPs), thus scientific misconduct.

Research status of small molecule inhibitors, probes, and degraders of NSDs: a comprehensive review.

The nuclear receptor binding SET domain (NSD) family of histone methyltransferases, which comprised NSD1, NSD2, and NSD3. They play a pivotal role in catalyzing mono- and dimethylation of histone H3 at lysine 36 (H3K36me1/2), a modification critical for maintaining chromatin structure and transcriptional fidelity. Dysregulation of NSD enzymes, often through overexpression, mutation, or chromosomal translocation, has been implicated in a broad spectrum of malignancies and various diseases.

Lightweight hybrid Mamba2 for unsupervised medical image registration.

Background: Deformable medical image registration is a critical task in medical imaging-assisted diagnosis and treatment. In recent years, medical image registration methods based on deep learning have made significant success by leveraging prior knowledge, and the registration accuracy and computational efficiency have been greatly improved. Models based on Transformers have achieved better performance than convolutional neural network methods (ConvNet) in image registration.

Comprehensive Analysis of Gene Expression and Biomarkers in Sepsis Using Bioinformatics, Network Pharmacology and Molecular Modeling Approaches.

Background: Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) have been known to provide important information on disease mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets. The traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) offers a large reservoir of bioactive compounds that could modulate at these targets. This study is an attempt to investigate the biomarkers in Sepsis and COVID-19 using gene expression analysis and molecular modeling validation of TCM-derived candidate compounds targeting key DEGs associated with sepsis.

Avenanthramides and avenacosides as biomarkers of oat intake: a pharmacokinetic study of solid and liquid oat consumption under single and repeated dose conditions.

Background: Avenanthramides (AVAs) and Avenacosides (AVEs) are unique to oats (Avena Sativa) and may serve as biomarkers of oat intake. However, information regarding their validity as food intake biomarkers is missing. We aimed to investigate critical validation parameters such as half-lives, dose-response, matrix effects, relative bioavailability under single dose, and in relation to the abundance of Feacalibacterium prausnitzii, and under repeated dosing, to understand the potential applications of AVAs and AVEs as biomarkers of oat intake.

Bacillus drives functional states in synthetic plant root bacterial communities.

Background: Plant roots release root exudates to attract microbes that form root communities, which in turn promote plant health and growth. Root community assembly arises from millions of interactions between microbes and the plant, leading to robust and stable microbial networks. To manage the complexity of natural root microbiomes for research purposes, scientists have developed reductionist approaches using synthetic microbial inocula (SynComs).

Analyzing Reddit Social Media Content in the United States Related to H5N1: Sentiment and Topic Modeling Study.

Background: The H5N1 avian influenza A virus represents a serious threat to both animal and human health, with the potential to escalate into a global pandemic. Effective monitoring of social media during H5N1 avian influenza outbreaks could potentially offer critical insights to guide public health strategies. Social media platforms like Reddit, with their diverse and region-specific communities, provide a rich source of data that can reveal collective attitudes, concerns, and behavioral trends in real time.

Asymmetric Fe-O-Ni Pair Sites in Two-Step Dealloyed Prussian Blue Analogue Nanocubes Enrich Linear-Adsorbed Intermediates for Efficient Oxygen Evolution.

Ni-Fe (oxy)hydroxides are among the most active oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts in alkaline media. However, achieving precise control over local asymmetric Fe-O-Ni active sites in Ni-Fe oxyhydroxides for key oxygenated intermediates' adsorption steric configuration regulation of the OER is still challenging. Herein, we report a two-step dealloying strategy to fabricate asymmetric Fe-O-Ni pair sites in the shell of NiOOH@FeOOH/NiOOH heterostructures from NiFe Prussian blue analogue (PBA) nanocubes, involving anion exchange and structure reconstruction.

Loss of Health-Related Quality of Life Among Hospitalized Children With Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Their Caregivers.

Background And Objectives: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is recognized as a major cause of wintertime illness in children. Two forms of immunization to protect infants against severe infection have recently been approved. Information on the effects of infections on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) supports well-informed policy decisions.

Machine learning for myocarditis diagnosis using cardiovascular magnetic resonance: a systematic review, diagnostic test accuracy meta-analysis, and comparison with human physicians.

Myocarditis is an inflammation of heart tissue. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) has emerged as an important non-invasive imaging tool for diagnosing myocarditis, however, interpretation remains a challenge for novice physicians. Advancements in machine learning (ML) models have further improved diagnostic accuracy, demonstrating good performance.

Association of cardiovascular risks and carotid stiffening at ultrafast ultrasound imaging in young populations.

Objectives: To evaluate the predictive role of carotid stiffening, quantified using ultrafast pulse wave velocity (ufPWV), for assessing cardiovascular risk in young populations with no or elevated cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs).

Materials And Methods: This study enrolled 180 young, apparently healthy individuals who underwent ufPWV measurements. They were classified into three groups: the CVRF-free group (n = 60), comprising current non-smokers with untreated blood pressure < 140/90 mmHg, fasting blood glucose (FBG) < 7.

Zinc Phosphate Passivation Enables Photostable Pixelated Quantum Dot Color Conversion Layers for Display Applications.

Quantum dots (QDs) converted to micro light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have emerged as a promising technology for next-generation display devices. However, their commercial application has been hindered by the susceptibility of QDs to photodegradation when directly exposed to an open environment. Here, we develop functional ligand zinc bis[2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl] phosphate (Zn(BMEP)) to passivate QD surface anions through a phosphine-mediated surface reaction.

Synergistic Engineering of NiCoFe Layered Hydroxides for Enhanced Energy Storage and Electrocatalytic Water Splitting.

The rational design of electrode materials with outstanding energy and power density for supercapacitors (SCc) and high-performance electrocatalysts in alkaline media plays an indispensable role in the application of energy storage and overall water splitting. In this paper, we prepared NiCoFe layered ternary hydroxides (LTH) using a hydrothermal synthesis method. The sample with a Ni/Co/Fe ratio of 1:2:0.

Noninvasive Monitoring of Blood Glucose With In Vivo Raman Spectroscopy.

Non-invasive glucose monitoring using Raman spectroscopy with 830 nm excitation presents a promising alternative to traditional fingerstick methods for diabetes management research. An integrated in vivo Raman system enables transcutaneous glucose detection and has demonstrated robust performance in oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT), validating its reliability. Inter-subject correlation between spectral features and glucose concentration was addressed by the intensity of the fingerprint peak (I), peak intensity ratio (I/I), and the spectral area ratio (S/S), whose correlation coefficient (R) was 0.

Photobreeding Method for Direct Construction and Continuous Tuning of Strong Metal-Support Interactions at Room Temperature.

The construction of strong metal-support interactions (SMSI) is an effective strategy to enhance and control heterogeneous catalysts. However, conventional methods require pre-synthesized metal-loaded catalysts, followed by SMSI formation via high-temperature treatment under oxidative/reductive atmospheres, adsorbate-mediated treatment, and photo-treatment, adding complexity to catalyst synthesis and hindering continuous interfacial tuning. In this work, a "photobreeding" method is employed to treat ZnCdS, leveraging the UV-induced photochromic reaction of ZnS to generate metallic Zn at room temperature, while CdS remains inert.

Brief Evaluation of Olink Reveal Proximity Extension Assay for High-Throughput Proteomics: A Case Study Using NIST SRM 1950 and Two Spike-In Protein Standards.

Plasma proteomics has regained attention in recent years through advancements in mass spectrometry instrumentation and sample preparation as well as new high-throughput affinity-based technologies. Here, we evaluate the analytical performance of the new Olink Reveal platform, a proximity extension assay (PEA)-based technology quantifying 1034 proteins and covering many biological pathways, in particular immune system processes. Using spiked-in recombinant Interleukin-10 (IL-10) and vascular endothelial growth factor D (VEGF-D) in the NIST SRM 1950 plasma standard, we assessed the linearity, sensitivity, precision, and accuracy of the Olink Reveal assay.

Plasticity Mechanisms in Nanostructured Cubic Boron Nitride: Internal Defects and Amorphous Layers.

Nanostructured cubic boron nitride (NS-cBN) has attracted significant attention due to its high hardness and excellent thermal stability, yet a systematic strategy to balance strength and toughness through atomically structural design remains elusive. Here, we integrate plasticity theory with large-scale atomistic simulations to elucidate the size-dependent roles of internal defects, i.e.

Anti-M1R/B6R antibody characterization and bispecific design for enhanced orthopoxvirus protection.

The global outbreak of the mpox in humans, caused by the mpox virus (MPXV), underscores the urgent need for safe and effective therapeutics. In this study, we characterized the dominant MPXV immunogens, M1R and B6R, by sequencing monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) from the immunized mice and analyzing their epitopes and functions through in vitro and in vivo assessments of binding and antiviral activities. Several broadly effective anti-M1R and anti-B6R neutralizing MAbs were identified and they exhibited enhanced antiviral effects against MPXV or vaccinia virus (VACV) when used in antibody cocktail and bispecific antibody designs.

The efficacy of endoscopic submucosal dissection for 10-20 mm rectal neuroendocrine tumors based on resection margin status.

Background: Current guidelines recommend that rectal neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) smaller than 10 mm can be treated by endoscopic resection, whereas tumors larger than 20 mm should be treated by surgical resection. However, the optimal treatment of 10-20 mm rectal NETs remains controversial. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for 10-20 mm rectal NETs based on resection margin status.

Identifying potential therapeutic targets in periodontitis: a multi-omics approach integrating bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing with Mendelian randomization.

Periodontal disease (PD) is a common and complex oral health problem that affects teeth and gums, leading to tooth loss, misalignment, and infection, with significant impact. Identifying the cause and developing new treatments is crucial. This study employed Mendelian randomization (MR), single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), and integrated transcriptomics to identify key gene signatures associated with periodontitis.

Functionalized Dynamic Membrane for Wastewater Treatment.

Traditional dynamic membranes (DMs) are plagued by membrane fouling and low performance during long-term operation. In recent years, researchers have developed various functionalized dynamic membranes (FDMs) derived from DMs, employing different functional materials to provide an economically viable and promising solution for wastewater treatment. Nevertheless, there remains a gap in the comprehensive understanding of FDMs and the challenges encountered in their application.

Preparation and Characterization of Polysaccharides From Grifola frondosa and Their Human Intestinal Flora-modulating Effect.

A novel and efficient hydrogen peroxide/ascorbic acid-assisted extraction method for the preparation of Grifola frondosa polysaccharide (GFP) was developed, and two GFP fractions (GFP-H and GFP-L) with different molecular weights (Mws) were obtained by separation with ultrafiltration. Both high Mw component (GFP-H, Mw 396.4 kDa) and low Mw component (GFP-L, Mw 12.

Ligand Engineering-Driven Visualization of Asymmetric Exchange: Unraveling the Structural Evolution of Ag to Ag.

Precisely structured nanoclusters provide ideal platforms for elucidating structural evolution and structure-activity relationships. However, mechanistic understanding of dynamic core-shell rearrangements has long been impeded by the elusive nature of intermediates during transformation processes. Here, we show that ligand engineering-driven asymmetric thiolate exchange enables atomic-level visualization of structural evolution, thereby overcoming the long-standing challenge of intermediate capture.