β-Asaronol, the Neuroactive Component of : Mitigating Seizures with Minimal Developmental Risk in Dravet Syndrome.

Developmental epileptic encephalopathies (DEEs), including Dravet syndrome (DS), require antiseizure medications (ASMs) that balance efficacy with developmental safety. There is an urgent clinical need for novel therapeutic agents that combine potent anticonvulsant activity with developmental safety. β-Asarone, an active constituent of plants, has demonstrated antiepileptic potential, but its toxicities severely limit clinical application.

Opposing mechanisms by which miRNAs mediate distinct Nrf1 and Nrf2 regulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Accumulation of various genetics and epigenetics alterations are accepted to result in the initiation and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and its high metastasis is viewed as a critical bottleneck leading to its treatment failure. Amongst them, the microRNAs arising from the lack of the antioxidant transcription factor Nrf2 lead to cancer metastasis. However, much less is known about the regulation of microRNAs by Nrf1, even though it acts as an essential determinon of cell homoeostasis by governing the transcriptional expression of those driver genes contributing to the EMT involved in its metastasis.

A Comprehensive Method with Verification for Characterizing the Visco-Hyperelastic Material Model of Polyurethane Foam of Passenger Car Seats.

Polyurethane foam is widely used as a primary filling material in car seats. While it provides good damping and energy absorption, the mechanical properties are complex but play a vital role in vibration attenuation and vehicle ride comfort. This study proposes a comprehensive experimental and analytical method to characterize the visco-hyperelastic properties of seat-grade polyurethane foam.

Fecal microbiota transplantation reveals the impact of gut microbiota dysbiosis on osteoporosis development in ovariectomized mice.

Osteoporosis is characterized by low bone mineral density and deteriorated bone microarchitecture. The gut microbiota has emerged as a potential regulator of bone metabolism through the gut-bone axis. This study investigates the role of gut microbiota dysbiosis in osteoporosis.

Structurally Constrained Cyclic (Diacyloxyiodo)Arenes as an Enabling Platform for Hypervalent Iodine(III) Chemistry.

Hypervalent iodine(III) chemistry has unlocked remarkable potential in synthetic and catalytic applications over the past decades, yet its development has been constrained by biased thermodynamics between iodine(I) and iodine(III) species, relying on unstable or environmentally unfriendly oxidants and complex electrocatalytic platforms. Here, structurally constrained cyclic (diacyloxyiodo)arenes are presented as a transformative platform to resolve the reactivity/selectivity-generality paradox, enabling one-pot synthesis of diverse hypervalent iodine(III) reagents. The synthetic utility and sustainability of the in situ controlled-release approach are demonstrated through catalytic reactions, asymmetric variations, and biocompatibility studies, including peptide modifications.

SS-KAN: Self-supervised Kolmogorov-Arnold networks for limited data remote sensing semantic segmentation.

Self-supervised learning has emerged as a powerful approach for remote sensing image segmentation. However, its effectiveness significantly diminishes in remote sensing scenarios with extreme label scarcity (no more than 5 % of samples annotated). This limitation arises from two primary challenges: (i) insufficient exploitation of hierarchical representations in unlabeled data and (ii) irreversible information loss that occurs when adapting features from pretraining to downstream tasks.

Nrf1 acts as a highly-conserved determinon for maintaining robust redox homeostasis in the eco-evo-devo process of life histories.

Differential and even opposing functions of two major antioxidant transcription factors Nrf1 and Nrf2 (encoded by and , respectively) are determined by distinctions in their tempospatial positioning, topological repartitioning, proteolytic processing, and biochemical modification, as well as in their shared evolutionary origin. As a matter of fact, the allelopathic potentials of Nrf1 and Nrf2 (both resembling two entangled 'Yin-Yang' quanta that comply with a dialectic law of the unity of opposites) are fulfilled to coordinately control redox physiological homeostasis so as to be maintained within the presetting thresholds. By putative exponential curves of redox stress and intrinsic anti-redox capability, there is inferable to exist a set point at approaching zero with the 'Golden Mean' for the healthy survival (i.

Correlation Between Fingerprint-Guided Sweat Ducts Features From OCT and Diabetic Neuropathy Using Voronoi Diagram.

Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is a prevalent chronic complication of diabetes. Sweat glands are directly controlled by the sympathetic nervous system, whose neuropathy affects the thermal regulation of the skin and results in morphological changes in sweat ducts. This study aims to investigate the correlation between the characteristics of fingerprint-guided sweat ducts assessed by optical coherence tomography and DN based on a predictive model using a back propagation neural network (BPNN) and principal component analysis (PCA).

Inhibition of NFE2L1 Enables the Tumor-Associated Macrophage Polarization and Enhances Anti-PD1 Immunotherapy in Glioma.

Background And Objectives: A pivotal role of cancer (e.g., glioma) microenvironment is primarily executed by tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in facilitating cancer immune evasion and even resisting immunotherapies.

Temperature-induced structural evolution in liquid Bi86.8Au13.2 alloy.

Temperature-induced structural evolution of a liquid Bi86.8Au13.2 alloy has been investigated by combining in situ high-energy x-ray diffraction with ab initio molecular dynamics simulations.

Impact of cardiac phase selection on computational fluid dynamics analysis.

Background: The selection of cardiac phase in coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) may affect computational fluid dynamics (CFD)-derived hemodynamic metrics; however, this influence is not well-quantified, particularly in anomalous coronary anatomies. This study aims to evaluate how cardiac phase selection impacts CFD outcomes in normal and anomalous coronary arteries.

Methods: Multiphase CCTA datasets were analyzed from 40 patients: 30 with systolic and diastolic reconstructions (10 inter-arterial anomalous right coronary artery [ARCA], 10 myocardial bridging [MB], 10 normal) and 10 additional normals with mid-diastolic and diastolic reconstructions.

A review of recent artificial intelligence for traditional medicine.

Traditional Medicine (TM) has played a crucial role in global healthcare due to its long history and holistic approach. Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a revolutionary technology, offering exceptional capabilities in areas such as data mining, pattern recognition, and decision-making. The integration of Artificial Intelligence for Traditional Medicine (AITM) presents a promising frontier in advancing medicine and healthcare.

ALKBH7 mediates the mitigative effect of bismuth drug against cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury.

Cisplatin is a potent chemotherapeutic drug widely used to treat cancers. Unfortunately, its overaccumulation in kidney proximal tubular cell (PTC) results in severe acute kidney injury (AKI). Bismuth drugs have long been used to treat gastrointestinal tract disorder and Helicobacter pylori infection.

AMPGen: an evolutionary information-reserved and diffusion-driven generative model for de novo design of antimicrobial peptides.

The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) has enabled de novo design of functional proteins, circumventing the reliance on natural templates or sequencing databases. However, current protein design models are ineffective in generating proteins without stable structures, such as antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), which are short and structurally flexible yet play critical biological roles. To address this challenge, we present AMPGen, an evolutionary information-reserved and diffusion-driven generative model for de novo design of target-specific AMPs.

Panoramic lead-immune system interactome reveals diversified mechanisms of immunotoxicity upon chronic lead exposure.

Lead exposure is of high prevalence, and over a billion people are chronically exposed to alarming level of lead. Human immune system is highly vulnerable to lead, but the underlying mechanism remains unknown. Using single-cell mass cytometry and mass spectrometry-based proteomics, we performed a panoramic survey of lead targets at both cellular and molecular levels in murine immune system upon chronic lead exposure.

Deletion of Nrf1α exacerbates oxidative stress-induced cellular senescence by disrupting cell homeostasis.

Cellular senescence is recognized as a fundamental hallmark contributing to ageing and various age-related diseases, with oxidative stress playing a critical initiating role in their pathological processes. However, the anti-senescence potential of the antioxidant nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 1 (Nrf1, encoded by Nfe2l1) remains elusive, despite accumulating evidence demonstrating its role as an indispensable redox-determining transcription factor for maintaining cellular homeostasis and organ integrity. This study reveals that deletion of Nrf1α significantly elevates senescence characteristics in Nrf1α-deficient cells, as evidenced by two distinct experimental models.

Lightweight Multi-Stage Aggregation Transformer for robust medical image segmentation.

Capturing rich multi-scale features is essential to address complex variations in medical image segmentation. Multiple hybrid networks have been developed to integrate the complementary benefits of convolutional neural networks (CNN) and Transformers. However, existing methods may suffer from either huge computational cost required by the complicated networks or unsatisfied performance of lighter networks.

T helper cell 17/regulatory T cell balance regulates ulcerative colitis and the therapeutic role of natural plant components: a review.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic relapsing inflammatory disease characterized by progressive mucosal damage. The incidence rate of UC is rising rapidly, which makes the burden of medical resources aggravated. In UC, due to various pathogenic factors such as mucosal immune system disorders, gene mutations and environmental factors disrupting the mucosal barrier function, the midgut pathogenic bacteria and exogenous antigens translocate into the lamina propria, thereby aggravating the inflammatory response and further damages the mucosal barrier.

Microbiome-Gut-Brain Profiles in Schizophrenia and Their Potential Link to Cognitive Performance: Findings from a Case-Control Study.

Background: Increasing evidence indicates the role of microbiome-gut-brain axis in schizophrenia (SZ). However, few studies have examined the potential links among the gut microbiome, brain structure and function, and clinical manifestation in SZ patients, and the effects of prolonged antipsychotic treatment are often neglected.

Study Design: A total of 171 participants were enrolled, including 27 drug-naïve first-episode SZ patients (FSZ), 72 chronically antipsychotics-treated SZ patients (CSZ), and 72 healthy controls (HCs).

Prognosis and Risk Stratification in Dilated Cardiomyopathy With LVEF≤35%: Cardiac MRI Insights for Better Outcomes.

Background: Current guidelines recommend implantable cardioverter defibrillators for the primary prevention of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF)≤35%. However, its effectiveness is hindered by the inability to reliably discriminate between the risk of SCD and competing death of heart failure deterioration, thereby limiting its clinical utility. We aimed to refine the SCD risk stratification model based on cardiac magnetic resonance imaging for patients with dilated cardiomyopathy with LVEF≤35%.

Deficiency of DDI2 suppresses liver cancer progression by worsening cell survival conditions.

The levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the extent of ensuing DNA damage significantly influence cancer initiation and progression. Of crucial importance, the aspartate protease DDI2 has been proposed to play a pivotal role in monitoring intracellular ROS levels (to trigger oxidative eustress or distress), as well as in the oxidative DNA damage repair, through redox homeostasis-determining factor Nrf1 (encoded by NFE2L1). However, the specific role of DDI2 in the multi-step process resulting in the development and progression of liver cancer remains elusive to date.

Hierarchical-Structured RGO@EGaIn Composites as Advanced Self-Healing Anode for Room-Temperature Liquid Metal Battery.

Gallium-based liquid metal (LM) has emerged as a promising candidate anode material for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), exhibiting high theoretical capacity, excellent electrode kinetics, and unique self-healing ability. However, the liquid-solid-liquid transition during the electrochemical reactions can disrupt the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) and damage the structural integrity, ultimately limiting the cycling stability. Here, hierarchical-structured reduced graphene oxide coated eutectic gallium-indium liquid metal particles (RGO@EGaIn LMPs) are synthesized using a facile self-assembly strategy.

A Theoretical Study on the Mechanism of Bifunctional Brønsted Acid/Base-Catalyzed CO-Fixation Reaction with Homoallylic Amine.

The reaction mechanism and the enantioselectivity of the Brønsted acid/base (-stilbene diamine, simplified by BAM)-catalyzed CO fixation with homoallylic amine have been investigated using density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The proposed mechanism involves the initial activation of the amine by the Brønsted acid, followed by the nucleophilic attack of the amine on CO to form a carbamate intermediate. The Brønsted base subsequently deprotonates the carbamate intermediate to form the cyclic carbamate product, regenerating the Brønsted acid catalyst.

Constructing High-Yielding for (-)-α-Bisabolol Production Based on the Exogenous Haloarchaeal MVA Pathway and Endogenous Molecular Chaperones.

(-)-α-Bisabolol exhibits analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and skin-soothing properties and is widely applied in the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. The use of plant essential oil distillation or chemical synthesis to produce (-)-α-bisabolol is both inefficient and unsustainable. Currently, the microbial production of (-)-α-bisabolol mainly relies on and as chassis strains; however, high concentrations of (-)-α-bisabolol have certain toxicity to the strain.

Rationally Designed Mo/Ru-Based Multi-Site Heterogeneous Electrocatalyst for Accelerated Alkaline Hydrogen Evolution Reaction.

The rational design of multi-site electrocatalysts with three different functions for facile HO dissociation, H-H coupling, and rapid H release is desirable but difficult to achieve. This strategy can accelerate the sluggish kinetics of the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) under alkaline conditions. To resolve this issue, a Mo/Ru-based catalyst with three different active sites (Ru/MoC/MoO) is rationally designed and its performance in alkaline HER is evaluated.