[Effects of combined use of active ingredients in Buyang Huanwu Decoction on oxygen-glucose deprivation/reglucose-reoxygenation-induced inflammation and oxidative stress of BV2 cells].

This study aims to explore the effects and action mechanisms of the active ingredients in Buyang Huanwu Decoction(BYHWD), namely tetramethylpyrazine(TMP) and hydroxy-safflor yellow A(HSYA), on oxygen-glucose deprivation/reglucose-reoxygenation(OGD/R)-induced inflammation and oxidative stress of microglia(MG). Network pharmacology was used to screen the effective monomer ingredients of BYHWD and determine the safe concentration range for each component. Inflammation and oxidative stress models were established to further screen the best ingredient combination and optimal concentration ratio with the most effective anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects.

Enhancing glioma immunohistochemical image classification through color deconvolution-aware prior guidance.

Glioma diagnosis and prognosis heavily rely on immunohistochemistry (IHC), particularly CD34-stained images which highlight tumor vascular endothelial cells. However, traditional image analysis methods struggle with complex staining patterns and subtle morphological variations across glioma subtypes. In this study, we propose a novel Prior-Guided Enhancement Network (PGE-Net) that integrates domain-specific prior knowledge through color deconvolution to enhance feature representation of CD34-positive regions.

Single-cell profiling of H3K4me1-H3K27me3 revealed bivalent regulation of abnormal neuronal development caused by prenatal e-cigarette vaporing.

Histone H3K4me1 and H3K27me3 modifications play a crucial role in regulating neuronal development by maintaining the balance between active and inactive genes during neurogenesis. Prenatal exposure to electronic-cigarette (e-cig) aerosol has been shown to alter neuronal differentiation in a neuron type-specific manner. However, it remains unclear whether e-cig aerosol exposure affects gene expression by altering H3K4me1 and H3K27me3 modifications.

Ultralow Content of Chromium Species in Zeolite for Efficient Catalytic Propane Dehydrogenation.

Supported chromia catalysts have been commercially used in propane dehydrogenation, which relies on Cr loading at weight fractions of up to 20 wt %. This leads to problems in managing spent catalysts with a high content of toxic chromium species. These catalysts also rapidly deactivate within 10-15 min, requiring frequent regeneration in each cycle.

Overcoming cancer immunotherapy barriers nanomaterial-mediated pyroptosis.

While cancer immunotherapy has achieved groundbreaking clinical success, its efficacy is frequently compromised by insufficient T-cell activation, the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), and off-target toxicity. Pyroptosis, a highly immunogenic form of programmed cell death characterized by gasdermin-mediated pore formation, massive cytokine release (, IL-1β and IL-18), and robust dendritic cell activation, offers a compelling strategy to overcome these limitations. This review critically examines how nanotechnology-enabled pyroptosis induction can potentiate immunotherapy by (1) classifying pyroptosis-inducing nanomaterials into five combinatorial therapeutic platforms - immune checkpoint inhibitors, vaccine adjuvants, oncolytic virus-coupled systems, innate immune sensitizers, and multi-modal hybrids; (2) elucidating their mechanisms in reshaping the TME pyroptosis-induced immunogenicity and bystander immune cell activation; and (3) highlighting unresolved challenges, including tumor-intrinsic pyroptosis resistance, nanoparticle biodistribution barriers, and cytokine storm risks.

Attitudes toward caring for terminally ill patients among community nurses in Shanghai: A cross-sectional study.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate attitudes toward caring for terminally ill patients and identify the associated factors among community nurses in Shanghai.

Methods: The study was conducted among community nurses using convenience sampling in Shanghai between August and November 2023. The demographic questionnaire, the Frommelt Attitude Toward Care of the Dying Scale-B (FATCOD-B), and the Coping with Death Scale (CDS) were used for data collection.

Structurally Constrained Cyclic (Diacyloxyiodo)Arenes as an Enabling Platform for Hypervalent Iodine(III) Chemistry.

Hypervalent iodine(III) chemistry has unlocked remarkable potential in synthetic and catalytic applications over the past decades, yet its development has been constrained by biased thermodynamics between iodine(I) and iodine(III) species, relying on unstable or environmentally unfriendly oxidants and complex electrocatalytic platforms. Here, structurally constrained cyclic (diacyloxyiodo)arenes are presented as a transformative platform to resolve the reactivity/selectivity-generality paradox, enabling one-pot synthesis of diverse hypervalent iodine(III) reagents. The synthetic utility and sustainability of the in situ controlled-release approach are demonstrated through catalytic reactions, asymmetric variations, and biocompatibility studies, including peptide modifications.

Healthy lifestyles and the incidence risk and time of carotid plaque: a nationwide cohort study.

Background: The association between lifestyles and carotid plaque showed heterogeneity in results across studies, which may be limited by sample size or population characteristics. In addition, there is a lack of evidence on how long healthy lifestyles delay plaque development and on the metabolic factors which are likely to mediate these associations. This study aims to investigate the impact of multiple healthy lifestyles on the risk and time of carotid plaque incidence in the early stages of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD), and to identify the metabolic factors mediating this association.

Associations and mediators of estimated sodium intake with cardiovascular mortality: data based on a national population cohort.

Background: The current research on the association of sodium excretion with health outcomes is inconclusive, despite its linear relationship with blood pressure. Moreover, there is a lack of evidence regarding sodium intake. This study aims to estimate sodium intake, examine its associations with mortality, and explore potential factors that may mediate these associations.

Exploratory multi-cohort, multi-reader study on the clinical utility of a deep learning model for transforming cryosectioned to formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) images in breast lesion diagnosis.

Background: Cryosectioned tissues often exhibit artifacts that compromise pathologists' diagnostic accuracy during intraoperative assessments. These inconsistencies, compounded by variations in frozen section (FS) production across laboratories, highlight the need for improved diagnostic tools. This study aims to develop and validate a deep-learning model that transforms cryosectioned images into formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) images to enhance diagnostic performance in breast lesions.

Binuclear Copper-Catalyzed Enantioselective C,N-Dipolar (3 + 2) Cycloadditions: Mechanistic Insights and Selectivity Control via DFT Analysis.

2-Aminoallyl cations serve as highly versatile intermediates in organic synthesis. Their cycloaddition with unsaturated compounds provides an efficient strategy for the construction of heterocycles, which are key structural motifs found in a wide range of natural products, bioactive molecules, and agrochemicals. The mechanism and enantioselectivity of the C,N-dipolar (3 + 2) cycloaddition of 2-aminoallyl cations with indoles have been investigated using density functional theory (DFT).

Rutin Protects Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury via the NF-κB/NLRP3/Pyroptosis Pathway.

This study aimed to determine the protective role and mechanism of rutin on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. First, a myocardial I/R injury model was established and subjected to ischemia and hypoxia to simulate the model of I/R injury in vivo. Triphenyltetrazolium chloride was used to determine the myocardial infarct area.

MDPNet: a dual-path parallel fusion network for multi-modal MRI glioma genotyping.

Background: Glioma stands as one of the most lethal brain tumors in humans, and its accurate diagnosis is critical for patient treatment and prognosis. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) has been widely utilized for glioma diagnosis and research due to its non-invasive nature and clinical accessibility. According to the 2021 World Health Organization Central Nervous System Tumor Classification guidelines, glioma subtypes can be determined through molecular status information of Isocitrate Dehydrogenase (IDH), Chromosome 1p/19q codeletion (1p/19q), and Alpha Thalassemia/Mental Retardation Syndrome X-linked (ATRX) genes.

Water-Catalytic Deconstructive and Proton Transfer Cyclopropanation of Sulfoxonium Ylide with Olefin.

Cyclopropane rings, with their distinct structure and reactivity, have long been a focus in organic chemistry and are significant pharmacophores in medicinal chemistry. Conventional direct cyclopropanation methods for olefins do not modify the functional groups on the α- or β-carbon of olefins. Herein, a novel deconstructive cyclopropanation reaction is designed for olefins using a close-open-close ring strategy.

Thrombotic adverse events associated with TNF-alpha blockers: a real-world pharmacovigilance analysis of the FAERS database.

Objective: This research is designed to explore the connection between tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) blocker drugs and thrombotic adverse events.

Methods: The study included data from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) spanning from the first quarter of 2004 to the first quarter of 2024. We employed the disproportional analysis approach to analyze the signals of thrombosis-related adverse events associated with TNF-α blockers.

[Effect and mechanism of combined use of active components of Buyang Huanwu Decoction in ameliorating neuronal injury induced by OGD/R].

Buyang Huanwu Decoction(BYHWD), as one of the classic formulas in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) for the treatment of cerebral ischemic stroke(CIS), has demonstrated definite effects in clinical practice. However, the material basis and mechanism of treatment have not been systematically elucidated. This study employed network pharmacology and molecular docking to analyze the potential targets and mechanisms of blood-and brain-penetrating active components of BYHWD in reducing cell apoptosis in CIS.

Impact of virtual reality-based rehabilitation on poststroke depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Depression is the most common neuropsychiatric sequela of stroke, negatively affecting functional recovery and quality of life. Although virtual reality-based rehabilitation (VRBR) is an effective intervention in stroke rehabilitation, its efficacy in treating poststroke depression (PSD) remains unclear.

Objectives: To evaluate the treatment effect of VRBR on PSD.

A general copper catalytic system for cross-coupling of aryl iodides with chlorosilanes under reductive conditions.

Directly forged linkages between commercially available electrophiles are powerful synthetic tools for chemical bond construction. This strategy could eliminate the pre-synthesis of reactive organometallic reagents in couplings with electrophiles, thus providing efficient, easily-handled and step-economical routes in organic synthesis. Reported approaches are mainly utilized in carbon-carbon bond formations, whereas carbon-silicon bond construction employing halosilanes with carbon electrophiles is still underexplored.

Hydroxysafflor yellow A inhibits neuronal ferroptosis and ferritinophagy in ischemic stroke.

Ischemic stroke is a significant cause of disability and mortality on a global scale, with neuronal dysfunction playing a critical role in its pathogenesis. Conventional treatment approaches for ischemic stroke involve surgical interventions and thrombolytic therapy, yet these methods frequently result in ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Recent studies have underscored the implication of diverse programmed cell death mechanisms, including ferroptosis, in the progression of ischemic stroke.

[CBCT study on the measurement of occlusal plane and molars in adolescent patients with Class Ⅱ subdivision malocclusion].

Purpose: To study the CBCT imaging features of occlusal plane inclination, molar inclination, and molar height in adolescent patients with Class Ⅱ subdivision malocclusion, in order to provide reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Methods: A total of 80 adolescent patients with malocclusion admitted to Suzhou Stomatological Hospital from January 2019 to December 2022 were selected, including 40 cases of Class Ⅱ subdivision malocclusion as the experimental group and 40 cases of Class Ⅰ malocclusion as the control group. The angles of the anterior, posterior and maxillary occlusal planes, as well as the inclination of the upper and lower molars in the mesial and distal direction, the inclination of the buccal and lingual direction, and the height of the molars were analyzed based on CBCT data.

Andrographolide sulfonate alleviates rheumatoid arthritis by inhibiting glycolysis-mediated activation of PI3K/AKT to restrain Th17 cell differentiation.

Andrographolide sulfonate (AS) is a sulfonated derivative of andrographolide extracted from Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Nees, and has been approved for several decades in China.

Area-level socioeconomic inequalities in hypertension care cascade in China: a nationwide population-based study based on the ChinaHEART project.

Background: Socioeconomic status (SES) is one of key social determinants of health. Compared to individual-level SES, the association between area-level SES and hypertension management has been understudied and under-recognised. In this study, we aimed to assess the association between area-level SES and hypertension awareness, treatment, combination therapy and control, and the modification effect of individual characteristics on the associations.

Polysaccharides from Ganoderma lucidum attenuate cognitive impairment in 5xFAD mice by inhibiting oxidative stress and modulating mitochondrial dynamics via the Nrf2/antioxidative axis activation.

Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dynamics imbalance are key contributors to AD pathogenesis. GLPS, an extract from Ganoderma lucidum spores, exhibits anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory properties. However, the roles of GLPS in regulating oxidative stress and mitochondrial dynamics in AD remain poorly understood.

Factors influencing dietary compliance among patients with gestational diabetes mellitus: a retrospective analysis.

Objective: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) poses significant health risks during pregnancy, with dietary adherence being crucial for effective management. This study aims to identify factors influencing dietary compliance to enhance patient outcome.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study analyzed 189 GDM patients from Wuhan Children's Hospital between January 2021 and June 2023.