All-In-One Iontronic Sensing Aligner for High-Precision 3D Orthodontic Force Monitoring.

Clear aligners offer aesthetic and comfort advantages in orthodontics, yet their ability to deliver effective forces relies heavily on empirical judgment or large-scale optical scanning, lacking real-time quantitative evaluation. Integrating pressure sensors into aligners is a promising solution, but challenges in miniaturization, multi-dimensional sensing, measurement accuracy, and biocompatibility hinder clinical application. Here, an all-in-one Orthodontic Force Acquisition System (OFAS) is presented that enables real-time, 3D force monitoring using a cross-shaped iontronic sensing array and an origami-inspired, wireless battery-free readout circuit miniaturized for single-tooth placement.

CuCo-Layered Double Hydroxide Nanosheets Grown on Hierarchical Carbonized Wood as Bifunctional Electrode for Supercapacitor and Hydrogen Evolution Reaction.

Carbonized wood has great potential as a self-supported electrode for energy storage/conversion applications. However, developing efficient and economical bifunctional electrodes by customizing the surface structure remains a challenge. This study proposes a novel multifunctional electrode design strategy, using N/P co-doped carbonized wood (NPCW) as carriers and in situ grows copper nanoparticles (Cu NPs) as nucleation centers to induce vertical growth of CuCo-layered double hydroxid (LDH) nanosheets along the substrate.

Nebulized Lipid Nanoparticles Deliver mRNA to the Liver for Treatment of Metabolic Diseases.

An optimal administration approach is critical for effective mRNA delivery and treatment. Nebulizer inhalation offers a mild, convenient, and noninvasive strategy with high translational potential but primarily focused on lung delivery. In this study, we found that surface charges influence tissue targeting of mRNA lipid nanoparticle (mRNA-LNP) postnebulization.

Constructing Aggregation-Induced Emission Luminogens With Significantly Improved Performance Through Local Chemical Modification From Thiophene to Thiophene Sulfone.

A novel aggregation-induced emission (AIE) system with superior performance was successfully developed through local chemical modification from thiophene to thiophene sulfone. This approach, leveraging easily accessible tetraphenylthiophene precursors, dramatically enhances the photophysical properties in a simple oxidation step. Notably, the representative 2,3,4,5-tetraphenylthiophene sulfone (3c) demonstrates remarkable solid-state emission characteristics with a fluorescence quantum yield of 72% and an AIE factor of 240, substantially outperforming its thiophene analog.

Self-Propelled Magnetic Micromotor-Functionalized DNA Tile System for Autonomous Capture of Circulating Tumor Cells in Clinical Diagnostics.

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) carry intact tumor molecular information, making them invaluable for personalized cancer monitoring. However, conventional capture methods, relying on passive diffusion, suffer from low efficiency due to insufficient collision frequency, severely limiting clinical utility. Herein, a magnetic micromotor-functionalized DNA-array hunter (MMDA hunter) is developed by integrating enzyme-propelled micromotors, magnetic nanoparticles, and nucleic acid aptamers into distinct functional partitions of a DNA tile self-assembly structure.

Dissecting the Molecular Determinants of α-synuclein Phase Separation and Condensate Aging: The Pivotal Role of β-Sheet-Rich Motifs.

Emerging evidence indicates that liquid-liquid phase separation of α-synuclein occurs during the nucleation step of its aggregation, a pivotal step in the onset of Parkinson's disease. Elucidating the molecular determinants governing this process is essential for understanding the pathological mechanisms of diseases and developing therapeutic strategies that target early-stage aggregation. While previous studies have identified residues critical for α-synuclein amyloid formation, the key residues and molecular drivers of its phase separation remain largely unexplored.

Maturational Changes in Action-Effect Integration Processes Are Reflected by Changes in the Directed Cortical Network Communication.

Acting intentionally is a major aspect of human cognitive development and depends on the ability to link actions with their consequences. Action-effect binding (AEB) is a fundamental mechanism enabling this. While AEB has been well-characterized in adults, its neurophysiological underpinnings during adolescence remain unclear.

Tailoring butane-1,2,3,4-tetraol-based maltosides (BTMs) group-swapping and detergent unsymmetry: new detergent design strategies for membrane protein studies.

Membrane proteins are essential bio-macromolecules involved in numerous critical biological processes and serve as therapeutic targets for a wide range of modern pharmaceuticals. Small amphipathic molecules, called detergents or surfactants, are widely used for the isolation and structural characterization of these proteins. A key requirement for such studies is their ability to maintain membrane protein stability in aqueous solution, a task where conventional detergents often fall short.

Unraveling the crucial role of CCL3 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: bioinformatics and immunohistochemical insights.

Background: C-C motif chemokine ligand 3 (CCL3) is a crucial chemokine that plays a fundamental role in the immune microenvironment and is closely linked to the development of various cancers. Despite its importance, there is limited research regarding the expression and function of CCL3 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Therefore, this study seeks to examine the expression of CCL3 and assess its clinical significance in NPC using bioinformatics analysis and experiments.

Enantioselective Synthesis of Spirooxindole Derivatives through Lewis Acid-Catalyzed Michael Addition/Cyclization Cascade.

A Mg(OTf)-catalyzed asymmetric Michael addition/cyclization cascade reaction between 3-isothiocyanato oxindoles and 2-arylidene-1,3-indanediones has been developed. This transformation provides an efficient and concise approach to biologically important bispiro[indanedione-oxindole-pyrrolidinyl]s under mild conditions in good to excellent yields (70-99% yields) with moderate to good stereoselectivities (up to 99% and >95:5 d.r.

Morphology of Taylor Cone in Stable Regime: Experimental and Numerical Insights.

In the stable cone-jet regime, liquid usually presents the shape of a cone extended by a jet at its apex, with jet breakup yielding fine drops. The dynamics of the Taylor cone critically affect the stability of the jet and further determine the jet and/or drop size. In the present work, the morphology of the Taylor cone, cone length, and cone angle were studied through experimental and numerical means, where the operating parameters and liquid properties are considered.

Charge-State-Dependent Structural Transitions and Aromatic Stabilization in Anionic and Neutral RuSi( = 7-11) Clusters.

Transition metal (TM)-doped silicon clusters represent critical model systems for understanding nanoscale hybridization and stability mechanisms. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of structural evolution, electronic properties, and thermodynamic stability in ruthenium-doped silicon clusters (RuSi̅, = 7-11) through integrated experimental and computational approaches. Anion photoelectron spectroscopy combined with density functional theory (DFT/B3LYP), coupled-cluster theory [CCSD(T)], and bonding analyses (AdNDP, NICS, ACID) reveals charge-state-dependent structural transitions, with full Ru encapsulation emerging at = 10 for anions and = 11 for neutrals.

An electrochemical biosensor for detection of copper(II) based on FeO@Au magnetic nanoparticles and Cu-dependent DNAzyme assisted nicking endonuclease signal amplification.

Copper ions are essential elements in the human body and participate in various physiological activities in the bodies of organisms. Herein, an ultrasensitive electrochemical biosensor was developed for detection of copper ions (Cu) based on FeO@Au magnetic nanoparticles (FeO@Au MNPs) and a Cu-dependent DNAzyme assisted nicking endonuclease signal amplification (NESA) strategy. dsDNA is formed by a hybridization reaction between DNA S2 and S1 immobilized on the surface of FeO@Au MNPs.

Self-Transformation of 2D SnSe Nanosheets into SnO/Se Nanocomposites for Efficient Photodetection.

The rapid development of liquid exfoliation technology has boosted fundamental research and applications of ultrathin two-dimensional (2D) materials. However, the small-sized exfoliated 2D materials with a high specific surface area may exhibit poor chemical stability. Understanding the stability of 2D crystals will be significant for their preservation and service and for the development of new stable phases via the spontaneous transition from unstable structures.

Proteomics Uncovers Enrichment Bias of Common Extracellular Vesicle Isolation Methods in HEK293T Cells.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membranous structures consisting of lipid bilayers that are released by most cell types and serve as important mediators of intercellular communication. The HEK293T cell line model has gained considerable attention from the scientific community, particularly in the fields of engineering and drug delivery. Nevertheless, there is a dearth of systematic comparisons of the most prevalent EV isolation methodologies for HEK293T in terms of recovery and specificity.

Is high specific surface area essential for anode catalyst supports in proton exchange membrane water electrolysis?

Dispersing iridium onto high-specific-surface-area supports is a widely adopted strategy to maximize iridium utilization in anode catalysts of proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE). However, here we demonstrate that the overall cell performance, including initial efficiency and long-term stability, does not benefit from the typical high specific surface area of catalyst supports. The conventional understanding that high iridium utilization on high-specific-surface-area supports increases activity holds only in aqueous electrolytes, while under the typical working conditions of PEMWE, the mass transport within the anode catalyst layers plays a more significant role in the overall performance.

Belief in a Just World Promotes Youth Intergenerational Altruism by Increasing Subjective Well-Being: Authenticity Makes a Difference.

Promoting intergenerational altruism among the current youth generation is crucial, and belief in a just world (BJW) may be a protective factor for intergenerational altruism. Inspired by the broaden-and-build theory of positive emotion, our research aims to investigate the relationship between BJW and intergenerational altruism among youths as well as to explore the mediating role of subjective well-being and the moderating role of authenticity in the focal relationship. Three empirical sub-studies with cross-sectional, experimental, and longitudinal designs were performed.

Knockdown of UBD Ameliorates Experimental Rheumatoid Arthritis by Suppressing TLR4/Myd88/NF-κB and P38/MAPK Pathway.

Background/aims: Ubiquitin D (UBD), a member of the ubiquitin-like modifier (UBL) family, is significantly overexpressed in various cancers and is positively correlated with tumor progression. However, the role and underlying mechanisms of UBD in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) remain poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the effects of UBD knockdown on the progression of RA.

Efficacy of Intense Pulsed Light AOPT-LTL Technique in the Treatment of Melasma: An In Vivo and Clinical Study.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and underlying mechanism of advanced optimal pulse technology intense pulsed light (AOPT) in low-energy triple-pulse long-width mode (AOPT-LTL) for melasma treatment.

Methods: An in vivo guinea pig model of melasma was established through progesterone injection and ultraviolet B radiation. Three sessions of AOPT-LTL treatment were performed weekly.

Oligochitosan-Ameliorated Gut Microbiome and Metabolic Homeostasis in Hybrid Groupers (Epinephelus lanceolatu ♂ × Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ♀) Infected With Vibrio harveyi.

Vibrio infections cause enteritis in grouper fish, leading to high mortality and stunted growth, which is a major challenge for aquaculture. Oligochitosans, marine prebiotics with bioactive properties, have proven their potential for growth promotion and immune regulation. However, the impacts of Vibrio harveyi on the gut microbiome of grouper fish and the potential of oligochitosans to modulate these effects remain poorly understood.

A vegetarian diet improves hepatic steatosis in MASLD patients through weight loss: a randomized controlled trial in China.

: The therapeutic potential of vegetarian diets in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) remains understudied in Asian populations. This randomized controlled trial aimed to evaluate the effects of a culturally adapted 6-month lacto-ovo-vegetarian diet (LOV-D) on hepatic steatosis and cardiometabolic risk factors through weight loss. : In this randomized trial, 220 Chinese adults with MASLD were assigned to LOV-D ( = 110) or an omnivore diet ( = 110) for 6 months.

Correction: Dual drug-loaded metal-phenolic networks for targeted magnetic resonance imaging and synergistic chemo-chemodynamic therapy of breast cancer.

Correction for 'Dual drug-loaded metal-phenolic networks for targeted magnetic resonance imaging and synergistic chemo-chemodynamic therapy of breast cancer' by Li Xia , , 2024, , 6480-6491, https://doi.org/10.1039/D4TB00462K.

Bioinformatics analysis of a geneframeshift mutation in a patient with Dent disease.

Dent disease is a rare X-linked recessive inherited renal tubular disorder characterized by low molecular weight proteinuria (LMWP), hypercalciuria, nephrocalcinosis, and other clinical features, and can lead to progressive renal failure. It is primarily caused by mutations in the gene. This article reports the case of a 10-year-old male patient of Chinese descent who was incidentally found to have asymptomatic proteinuria during a routine health examination.

Research progress on bioactive peptides in the treatment of oral diseases.

Peptide-based drugs possess several advantages, including high specificity, low immunogenicity, minimal accumulation, and fewer drug-drug interactions, making them a novel and efficient therapeutic class for various diseases. In recent years, peptide-based drugs have shown great potential and broad application prospects in the treatment of oral infectious diseases, tissue injury and repair, tumors, and complex oral mucosal disorders, acting either through direct mechanisms or indirect modulation. Oral administration remains the preferred route due to its non-invasive, painless nature and ease of management; however, gastrointestinal pH can inactivate or even degrade peptide drugs.

Impact of muscle strength decline and exercise intervention on multimorbidity of chronic diseases in older adults.

Multimorbidity of chronic diseases is one of the most common health issues among older adults, and the resulting demand for long-term medical care and management imposes a considerable burden on healthcare systems. Muscle strength, a core indicator of overall health status, is closely associated with the risk of developing multimorbidity of chronic diseases in older adults. Decline in muscle strength not only increases the risk of multimorbidity of chronic diseases but also interacts with it to exacerbate disease burden.