A magnetic flower-like hollow vinyl-functionalized covalent organic framework nanocomposite for efficient enrichment of fifteen organophosphate tri-esters in environmental water samples.

Background: Organophosphate tri-esters (tri-OPEs), widely used flame retardants, include alkyl-, halogenated-, and aryl-substituted types with distinct physicochemical properties. They may readily enter the ambient environment through volatilization, mechanical abrasion, and dissolution mechanisms occurring throughout the product lifecycle. To date, a range of monitoring methodologies incorporating sample pretreatment techniques have been developed to characterize the environmental distribution of tri-OPEs.

Ultrasound-assisted deep eutectic solvent extraction of polysaccharides from Cercis chinensis bark: Optimization, kinetics and antioxidant activities.

This study pioneers a green, efficient ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) technique using a deep eutectic solvent (DES) to isolate polysaccharides from Cercis chinensis bark, overcoming limitations of conventional methods. Through systematic screening of 15 DES systems, DES-11 (L-proline:ethylene glycol, 1:2 M ratio) was identified as optimal, achieving a polysaccharide yield of 64.7 mg/g-3.

Dosage and duration of ursodeoxycholic acid therapy Post-Kasai portoenterostomy in biliary atresia: a multicenter cross-sectional study with age stratification.

Purpose: Evaluate clinical efficacy of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) in biliary atresia (BA) infants post-Kasai portoenterostomy (KPE) using real-world data.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of 698 BA patients from eight Chinese pediatric centers (2020-2025). Age-stratified analyses used propensity score matching (PSM) and inverse probability treatment weighting (IPTW) to adjust baseline differences.

A protective role of SRC-1 against aging associated cognitive decline.

Introduction: Research indicates a strong correlation between obesity and the risk of dementia, both are linked to steroid receptor coactivator-1 (SRC-1), a transcriptional coactivator.

Methods: We used RNA sequencing analysis (RNA-Seq) to investigate the transcriptome of SRC-1-KO mice, and identified S100 calcium-binding protein A6 (S100A6), an AD associated gene, as one target of SRC-1. We tested cognitive behaviors in SRC-1-KO mice and mice with a humanized SRC-1 mutation (SRC-1), and performed promoter luciferase assays on S100A6.

The Specificity of Metacognition Questionnaire-30 Subdimensions: Findings From Connectome-Based Predictive Modeling.

The maladaptive metacognition measured by the Metacognition Questionnaire-30 (MCQ-30) is often linked to a wide range of affective disorders. However, few studies have elucidated the neural underpinnings of different metacognition subdimensions. Additionally, the relationship between these functional neural bases and longitudinal changes in individual emotional distresses remains unclear.

Inflammatory factor CCL2 enhances the interaction between monocyte-macrophage cells and liver parenchymal cells to promote liver inflammation and fibrosis in biliary atresia.

Background: Liver fibrosis in biliary atresia (BA) progresses rapidly and has distinct characteristics; however, current studies have not identified effective prevention or treatment strategies to address this issue.

Methods: BA liver tissues with different degrees of liver fibrosis (n = 4), liver tissues of choledochal cyst (n = 2), and liver tissues of the normal control (NC) group (n = 2) were selected. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), spatial transcriptomics (ST), and Mendelian randomization (MR) were integrated for analysis.

Prolonged exposure to food odors suppresses feeding via an olfactory bulb-to-hypothalamus circuit.

Olfactory perception of food odors is a key determinant of eating behavior, including triggering appetite, facilitating food seeking and influencing food choice. While transient food-related olfactory cues stimulate appetite and provoke cravings in states of hunger, emerging evidence implies that prolonged and sustained exposure to food-derived odor (FO) suppresses feeding. However, the mechanisms by which olfaction induces hypophagia remain elusive.

Exploring the complexity of methylphosphonic acid sorption on marine sediments: The influence of organic matter and environmental factors.

This study investigated the sorption characteristics of methylphosphonic acid (MPn) on marine sediments, focusing on the effects of sediment composition and environmental factors. The results indicated that MPn showed good stability on sediment samples and physical process was the main fraction for MPn sorption. Light fraction organic matter (LFOM) significantly enhanced the sorption ability of the sediments.

MPEP ameliorates sepsis-associated delirium by modulating hippocampal mGluR5 signaling and pyramidal neuron excitability in mice.

Background: Delirium is a cerebral manifestation commonly seen in sepsis, known as sepsis-associated delirium (SAD), and is thought to be closely related to excitatory nervous system disorders. Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) is one of the important receptors in the central glutamatergic nervous system, which is widely involved in the regulation of synaptic transmission, synaptic plasticity and excitatory/inhibitory balance. The inhibition of mGluR5 is considered as a potential drug target for reversing excitatory nervous system disorders.

The diagnostic performance of ultrasound features for biliary atresia: a systematic review and updated meta-analysis.

Previous meta-analyses have evaluated the diagnostic performance of various ultrasound (US) features in differentiating biliary atresia (BA) from infantile cholestasis, but none have specifically addressed the accuracy of these features in differentiating cystic biliary atresia (CBA) from infants with jaundice and porta hepatis cysts. We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, China Biology Medicine, Wanfang, and VIP databases for articles that evaluated the US features of BA. We pooled effect estimates and constructed summary receiver operating characteristic curves, along with meta-regression and subgroup analysis.

Development of an embedded system-based automatic timing reminder device for improving autoclave cooling period management.

Purpose: The study was conducted with the aim of developing an automatic timing reminder device based on embedded systems to manage the cooling period of sterilized items autoclave in the Sterile Processing Department (SPD). The primary objective was to reduce the wet packs incidence rate and potential contamination risks by ensuring that sterilized items are allowed to cool for a minimum of 30 minutes before handling.

Materials & Methods: The device, which utilizes the ATMEGA328 as the central control chip, incorporates a diffuse reflection type photoelectric sensor switch and encompasses modules for storage, power supply, speaker, display screen, real-time clock, and working indicator lights.

PD-L1-Targeting Biomimetic Photoresponsive Thermosensitive Liposomes for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.

Peptide-based therapeutic strategies offer considerable potential for tumor immunotherapy but suffer from poor systemic bioavailability, rapid plasma clearance, and limited tumor-targeting efficiency. To address these challenges, a biomimetic, photothermal-responsive liposomal delivery system was developed that enables precise delivery of immunotherapeutic peptides while enhancing the synergistic effects of photothermal therapy. This system enhances peptide stability through fluorination, disrupts post-translational modifications of PD-L1, and promotes its degradation, thereby amplifying the anti-tumor immune response.

Antimicrobial PLGA-based micro/nanoparticles for nanomedicine of pulmonary diseases: From respiratory infections to pulmonary hypertension and fibrosis.

Pulmonary diseases are one of the most important causes of mortality worldwide, and the number of these patients is increasing annually. Therefore, the recent development of nanomedicine approaches holds promise for a bright future in this field, considering the limitations of previous treatments. One of the most important nanoparticles in this field is PLGA, which offers special properties such as tunable disintegration, controlled drug release, biocompatibility, antimicrobial properties and non-inflammatory inhalation, which make it superior to other polymers for biomedical and pulmonary application including positive impact on a variety of pulmonary diseases such as pulmonary fibrosis and hypertension, respiratory infections and lung injury.

Brain-specific expression of cytomegalovirus immediate early protein 1 disrupts neurodevelopment in mice by inducing neuroinflammation and altering astrocytic metabolism.

Congenital human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection is the leading cause of neurodevelopmental disorders in children, including nongenetic sensorineural hearing loss. Previous studies have shown that HCMV immediate early 1 (IE1) protein, also known as IE72, contributes to brain maldevelopment. However, the underlying mechanisms are unclear due to the strict species specificity of cytomegaloviruses (CMVs), limiting animal model study.

Association between dietary inflammatory index and endometriosis in the US population: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Endometriosis is a chronic inflammatory disorder affecting reproductive-aged women. The Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII), a measure of diet-related inflammation, has been implicated in various inflammatory diseases, but its role in endometriosis remains unclear.

Methods: This cross-sectional study analyzed 4149 women from the NHANES 2001-2006, including 287 with endometriosis.

Medication adherence and health empowerment in gout: a cross-sectional survey of patients.

Gout is a prevalent chronic metabolic disorder that significantly impairs the quality of life of affected individuals. Enhancing medication adherence among gout patients is crucial for optimizing clinical outcomes. The present study aims to investigate the levels of health empowerment and medication adherence among gout patients and to identify the factors influencing these outcomes.

Dual-functional ROS-responsive hydrogel alleviates temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis by enhancing cartilage repair and mitigating inflammation.

Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA) is a degenerative disease characterized by variable degrees of inflammatory cartilage degeneration and subchondral bone erosion. Current clinical treatments mainly focus on symptomatic relief, such as pain management, and no disease-modifying osteoarthritis (OA) drugs (DMOADs) have been approved for widespread clinical use by regulatory bodies. Although fibroblast growth factor (FGF18) has shown great potential to be DMOADs in clinical trials for OA treatment by stimulating cartilage regeneration, its efficacy of inducing anabolic responses in articular cartilage is significantly limited by inflammatory conditions.

Enhanced CO Adsorption and Conversion Induced by Surface Oxygen Vacancy on Low-Index (010) Surface of Anatase TiO.

Understanding the CO adsorption and conversion on low-index (010) surface exposed in anatase TiO is vital to improve the catalytic efficiency. Herein, different stable adsorption configurations on (010) surfaces of anatase TiO are studied through density functional theory calculations. It is an interesting finding on perfect surface that the adsorption energies are weak although carbonate-like complex relates to a strong interaction between CO and surfaces.

Hyperspectral Imaging for Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma Differentiation.

This study proposed an intelligent intraoperative diagnostic framework that combines hyperspectral imaging (HSI) with deep reinforcement learning to accurately differentiate hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC), the two main subtypes of primary liver cancer. To address the limitations of conventional imaging techniques and serum biomarkers, the authors constructed the first clinical HSI dataset of liver tumors (n = 131, spectral range 400-1000 nm). The proposed method integrates a 3D residual neural network (3D-ResNet) with a Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO)-based reinforcement learning algorithm, framing spectral band selection as a Markov decision process.

Pretreatment with 'Chachi' Polysaccharide Alleviates Alcohol-Induced Gastric Ulcer by Inhibiting NLRP3/ASC/Caspase-1 and Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling Pathways.

Objectives: This study was designed to investigate the gastroprotective effects of 'Chachi' polysaccharide (CRP) against alcohol-induced gastric ulcers (GUs) and to elucidate its underlying mechanisms.

Methods: CRP was extracted, purified, and structurally characterized. BALB/c mice (50/250 mg/kg CRP) and GES-1 cells (1 mg/mL CRP) were subjected to alcohol-induced injury.

Fermentation Characteristics, Nutrient Content, and Microbial Population of L. Silage Produced with Different Lactic Acid Bacteria Additives.

The aim of this study was to explore the effects of different lactic acid bacteria additives ( or ) on the fermentation quality, chemical composition, in vitro digestibility, bacterial community structure, and predictive function of silage feed. Fresh was wilted overnight, then its moisture content was adjusted between 65 and 70%. The experiment was performed in three groups as follows: (1) the control group (CK group), which lacked a preparation; (2) the () group (LP group), which was inoculated with at 5 × 10 cfu/g FW; and (3) the () group (LB group), which was inoculated with at 5 × 10 cfu/g FW.

An immortalized cochlear spiral ganglion neuronal cell line: a promising tool for hearing loss study.

Mammalian spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) in the cochlear are crucial for auditory signal processing. The degeneration and loss of SGNs leads to irreversible sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) due to their limited regenerative capacity. However, the anatomical complexity and restricted accessibility of SGNs pose challenges for their research.

Comparison of image quality of 40 keV virtual monoenergetic images of vertebral arteries using DLIR and ASIR-V algorithms under a dual-low scanning protocol.

Objective: This study aims to compare the image quality of 40 keV Virtual Monoenergetic Images (VMI) of the vertebral artery (VA) reconstructed using two algorithms, Deep Learning Image Reconstruction (DLIR) and Adaptive Statistical Iterative Reconstruction (ASIR-V), under a dual-low scanning protocol, which simultaneously reduces both the radiation dose and the contrast agent dose during the CT scanning process.

Methods: A total of 88 patients were randomly assigned to an experimental group (n = 44) and a control group (n = 44). Both groups underwent dual-energy carotid CT angiography (DE-CTA) with a contrast agent dose of 0.