Application of deep learning reconstruction at prone position chest scanning of early interstitial lung disease.

Aim: Timely intervention of interstitial lung disease (ILD) was promising for attenuating the lung function decline and improving clinical outcomes. The prone position HRCT is essential for early diagnosis of ILD, but limited by its high radiation exposure. This study was aimed to explore whether deep learning reconstruction (DLR) could keep the image quality and reduce the radiation dose compared with hybrid iterative reconstruction (HIR) in prone position scanning for patients of early-stage ILD.

SQ-2 and Biochar: A Promising Combination for Enhancing Rice Growth in Pb/Al-Contaminated Acidic Soils.

In this study, SQ-2, previously isolated from a commercial watercress paste, was investigated for its potential in promoting rice growth in Pb/Al-contaminated acidic soil, especially when used in conjunction with corn straw biochar. Firstly, the physiological properties of rice were enhanced, with the activities of catalase and superoxide dismutase increasing by 162.5% and 162.

The Influence of Air Pollution on Cognitive Function in Middle-aged and Older Population: The Role of Healthy Lifestyle and Socioeconomic Factors.

Background: Air pollution is a potentially modifiable risk factor for Cognitive impairment (CoI). Therefore, it is necessary to explore factors that can mitigate the impact of air pollution on the cognitive function of middle-aged and older population (MAOP).

Methods: To investigate the impact of single and combined exposure to air pollutants on the cognitive abilities of MAOP, and to explore the role of healthy lifestyle (HL) and socioeconomic factors, the Generalized Linear Model, Weighted Quantile Sum Regression model, and Restricted Cubic Splines model were jointly applied to explore the impact of air pollutant exposure on the cognitive abilities of the MAOP.

Stereotactic radiosurgery versus observation for intracranial low-grade dural arteriovenous fistulas.

Background: Given the low haemorrhagic risk of intracranial low-grade dural arteriovenous fistulas (dAVFs), the benefits of routine intervention remain controversial. This study compares patient outcomes treated with stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) versus conservative management.

Method: Multicentre retrospective analysis of the Consortium for Dural Arteriovenous Fistula Outcomes Research and the International Radiosurgery Research Foundation data.

A strain of Paenibacillus polysaccharolyticus XY5 promotes fiber component degradation in a co-fermentation system of mulberry leaves and distillers' grains.

With the increasing emphasis on environment and the concept of sustainable development, the wasted distillers' grains (DG) and mulberry leaves (ML), via mixed fermentation, are further developed into new feed resources. However, addressing the high cellulose content in the products of fermentation presents a substantial challenge for effectively harnessing their vast potential. This study identified a cellulose-degrading bacterium named Paenibacillus polysaccharolyticus XY5 through 16S rDNA sequencing technology.

Automated 3D Quantitative Analysis of Intrapulmonary Vessel Volume on Noncontrast CT in Healthy Individuals.

Objective: This study aimed to compare automated three-dimensional Intrapulmonary Vessel Volume (IPVV) differences between lung and mediastinal windows in healthy individuals using quantitative measurements obtained from chest Computed Tomography (CT) plain scans.

Methods: A total of 258 participants (aged 21-83 years) with negative chest CT scans from routine physical examinations conducted between January to November 2023 were retrospectively enrolled. For each healthy participant, an algorithm was used to automatically extract total lung IPVVs as well as IPVVs for vessels of specific diameter.

Biohybrid Nanosystem Fabricated with Marine Diatom for Uric Acid Detection.

Due to the intense demand for low-cost, environmentally friendly, and stable uric acid (UA) detection methods, a novel biosensing nanosystem made with marine diatom was studied. Reduced by live diatom (), metallic nanoparticles (Cu) were hybridized with the heteronanostructure (Diatom frustule, DF), showing peroxidase activity 2.66-fold over horseradish peroxidase (HRP).

Isolation, structural characterization and multiple activity of a novel exopolysaccharide produced by Gelidibacter sp. PG-2.

Microbial exopolysaccharides have been extensively explored due to their distinctive structural features and physiological activities, making them suitable for diverse applications in the food and environmental applications. Current studies mainly focus on the structural and functional characterization of exopolysaccharides from known strains, with limited exploration of novel strains. In this study, a novel exopolysaccharide was produced by Gelidibacter sp.

Withdrawal to: Assessing Pulmonary Embolisms on Unenhanced CT Images Using Electron Density Images Derived from Dual-Layer Spectral Detector CT: A Single-centre Prospective Study Conducted at the Emergency Department.

Unlabelled: Since the authors are not responding to the editor’s requests to fulfill the editorial requirement, the article has been withdrawn. Bentham Science apologizes to the readers of the journal for any inconvenience this may have caused. The Bentham Editorial Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://benthamscience.

Kidney function mediates the effects of four per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) on atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.

Background: PFAS pose a significant threat to cardiovascular health and increase the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). However, there is limited research evidence regarding the mechanisms by which PFAS affect the risk of ASCVD and the exposure-risk (E-R) relationship. The effect of kidney function in the relationship between PFAS and ASCVD risk has not been adequately validated.

Biocontrol Ability of Strain SQ-2 against Table Grape Rot Caused by .

strain SQ-2, isolated from a cured product, has been demonstrated to exhibit a highly efficacious performance against phytopathogens, including , , , and . In particular, with regard to , which causes summer bunch rot, SQ-2 has been observed to suppress the mycelial growth of all tested grape cultivars by over 40%. Especially on Kyoho grapes, it has the highest inhibition rate of 53%.

Effects of Fermented Oil on Proliferation of Human Dermal Papilla Cells and Hair Growth.

The hair follicle is the basis of hair regeneration, and the dermal papilla is one of the most important structures in hair regeneration. New intervention and reversal strategies for hair loss may arise due to the prevention of oxidative stress. GC/MS analysis was used to determine the compounds contained in NSO.

Correlation of meniscus tear type with synovial inflammation and the therapeutic potential of docosapentaenoic acid.

Background: Synovitis, characterized by inflammation of the synovial membrane, is commonly induced by meniscus tears. However, significant differences in inflammatory responses and the key inflammatory mediators of synovium induced by different types of meniscal tears remain unclear.

Methods: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was employed to identify the type of meniscus tear, and the quantification of synovial inflammation was assessed through H&E staining assay.

Genome-scale acting catabolite-responsive element editing confers LG3145 plant-beneficial functions.

Rhizosphere dwelling microorganism such as spp. are helpful for crop growth. However, these functions are adversely affected by long-term synthetic fertilizer application.

Water-soluble intracellular extract of Desmodesmus sp. YT enhanced the antioxidant capacity of human skin fibroblast to protect the skin from UV damage.

Background: The oxidative stress induced by ultraviolet (UV) radiation is a pivotal factor in skin aging and can even contribute to the development of skin cancer.

Aim: This study explored the antioxidant effect and mechanism of water-soluble intracellular extract (WIE) of Desmodesmus sp.YT (YT), aiming to develop a natural antioxidant suitable for incorporation into cosmetics.

A Functional Connectivity-Based Model With a Lightweight Attention Mechanism for Depression Recognition Using EEG Signals.

Numerous studies on depression recognition utilize attention mechanisms as tools for feature extraction. Applying the standard multi-head self-attention mechanism to the spatial domain of EEG data is a feasible approach for extracting spatial features. However, there are challenges in the practical implementation.

Entanglement enhancement and EPR steering based on a PT-symmetric-like cavity-opto-magnomechanical hybrid system.

We investigate the enhancement of entanglement and EPR steering in a parity-time(PT-) symmetric-like cavity-opto-magnomechanical system. The system consists of an optical cavity, a magnon mode in a ferromagnetic crystal, a phonon mode, and a microwave cavity. Our findings demonstrate that microwave-cavity gain significantly boosts distant quantum entanglement and greatly improves the robustness of bipartite entanglement against environment temperature.

Entanglement generation and steering implementation in a double-cavity-magnon hybrid system.

We demonstrate a scheme for the generation of bipartite and tripartite entanglement, as well as he implementation of stable and controllable long-distance one-way and asymmetric two-way steering in a cavity-magnon hybrid system. This system consists of a magnon mode and two coupled microwave cavities. The first cavity is driven by a flux-driven Josephson parametric amplifier, which generates squeezed vacuum fields, and is coupled to the other cavity through optical tunneling interaction.

sp. Extracted Lipids Prevent Alopecia by Enhancing Antioxidation and Inhibiting Ferroptosis of Dermal Papilla Cells.

Alopecia has gradually become a problem that puzzles an increasing number of people. Dermal papilla cells (DPCs) play an important role in hair follicle (HF) growth; thus, exploring the effective chemicals or natural extracts that can remediate the growth of DPCs is vital. Our results showed that sp.

Radiomics and Ki-67 index predict survival in clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Objective: To develop and validate predictive models based on Ki-67 index, radiomics, and Ki-67 index combined with radiomics for survival analysis of patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Methods: This study enrolled 148 patients who were pathologically diagnosed as ccRCC between March 2010 and December 2018 at our institute. All tissue sections were collected and immunohistochemical staining was performed to calculate Ki-67 index.

Comparative metabolomic profiling reveals molecular mechanisms underlying growth promotion and disease resistance in wheat conferred by in the field.

, a plant root-colonizing basidiomycete fungus, exhibits strong growth-promoting activity in symbiosis with a broad range of plants. Here, we report the potential of to improve growth, yield, and disease resistance in wheat in the field. In the present study, successfully colonized wheat through chlamydospores and formed dense mycelial networks that covered roots.

Long-term trajectories of BMI and cumulative incident metabolic syndrome: A cohort study.

Background: Body mass index (BMI) has been widely recognized as a risk factor for metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, the relationship between the trajectory of BMI and cumulative incident MetS is still unclear. We investigate the associations of long-term measurements of BMI with MetS among young adults in the China Health and Nutrition Survey.