Application of deep learning reconstruction at prone position chest scanning of early interstitial lung disease.

Aim: Timely intervention of interstitial lung disease (ILD) was promising for attenuating the lung function decline and improving clinical outcomes. The prone position HRCT is essential for early diagnosis of ILD, but limited by its high radiation exposure. This study was aimed to explore whether deep learning reconstruction (DLR) could keep the image quality and reduce the radiation dose compared with hybrid iterative reconstruction (HIR) in prone position scanning for patients of early-stage ILD.

Absolute Configuration Control in Covalent Organic Frameworks.

Reticular materials constructed from chiral building blocks have garnered significant attention; however, the influence of their absolute configurations on framework structures and properties has yet to be elucidated. Herein, we report the stereoselective synthesis of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) through precise manipulation of the absolute configurations of chiral precursors. By selectively linking axially chiral binaphthalene-functionalized precursors with defined stereochemistry, we synthesized four ultrastable, highly crystalline isomeric three-dimensional COFs.

Preparation and resolution performances of chiral stationary phases based on spherical covalent organic frameworks with various zeta potentials.

The development of novel chiral stationary phases (CSPs) based on spherical covalent organic frameworks (SCOFs) holds great importance in the field of chiral chromatographic separation. Herein, SCOF-1∼SCOF-4 were synthesized using 1,3,5-tris(4-aminophenyl)benzene (TAPB) as the connecting node and 2,5-dihydroxyterephthalaldehyde (DHTA) with 2,5-dimethoxyterephthalaldehyde (DMTA) as linkers, while controlling the ratio of two linkers. Subsequently, SCOF-3 containing phenolic hydroxyl groups was post-modified by 10-camphorsulfonyl chloride, yielding a derivative SCOF-5 with camphorsulfonyl groups.

2D-Supported Vertical MXenes for Ultrafast Filtering with Ultralow Inductance.

Filtering supercapacitors (SCs) are promising for miniaturized power filter electronics due to their high capacitance and robust high-power performance. However, their adoption is limited by a poor low-frequency response in planar porous electrodes, causing mismatched operating frequencies and overheating risks. To address this, we develop MXene-based SCs using a novel vitamin C-assisted solution-thermal method to assemble TiCT MXenes into 2D-supported vertical structures, enhancing the dynamic response for linear filtering.

Hypomagnesemia in lymphoma patients receiving CAR T therapy correlates with immune dysfunction and decreased survival.

Background: Hypomagnesemia has been correlated with inferior outcomes in patients with large B cell lymphoma (LBCL) undergoing stem cell transplants. As T-cell and myeloid cell dysfunction have been associated with low magnesium conditions, we investigated whether serum magnesium (Mg) levels could predict clinical outcomes in LBCL patients who received chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy.

Methods: Patients with LBCL who received axi-cel under the ZUMA-1 trial or as FDA approved therapy at Mayo Clinic were examined.

Robot-assisted partial nephrectomy and robot-assisted radical prostatectomy using the Chinese surgical systems KangDuo-SR-2000 and EDGE MP1000 versus the Da Vinci Xi system: a prospective, single-center, non-randomized clinical trial.

Purpose: This study aims to compare the safety and efficacy of robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) and robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) using the Chinese surgical systems KangDuo-SR-2000 (KD-SR-2000) and EDGE MP1000 (MP1000) versus the Da Vinci Xi (DV-Xi) system, to explore viable alternative options to DV-Xi.

Methods: This prospective, single-center, non-randomized clinical trial enrolled 261 patients who underwent RAPN or RARP from August 2023 to June 2024. All surgeries were performed by 3 surgeons.

Age, frequency, and strategy optimization for organized colorectal cancer screening: a decision analysis conducted in China for the years 2023-2038.

Background: The colorectal cancer mortality rate in China has exceeded that in many developing countries and is expected to further increase owing to multiple factors, including the aging population. However, the optimal policy for colorectal cancer screening is unknown.

Methods: We synthesized the most up-to-date data using a 12-state Markov model populated with a cohort of Chinese men and women born during 1949-1988, and evaluated 16 conventional and 40 risk-tailored schemes for colorectal cancer screening, considering possible combinations of age (starting at 40 + years and ending at 75 years), frequency, and strategy (standard colonoscopy, fecal immunochemical testing with colonoscopy if positive, or risk-tailored).

Bioinformatics-assisted mining and design of novel pullulanase suitable for starch cold hydrolysis.

Cold-active pullulanases with good catalytic performance possess promising applications in cold hydrolysis of starch. Adopting bioinformatics-assisted mining strategies, 7 candidate cold-active pullulanases were initially screened out from IMG/MER database. Among the candidates, PulBs exhibited good thermostability and the highest specific activity of 147.

Tracking the Helicobacter pylori Epidemic in Adults and Children in China.

Background: The Helicobacter pylori epidemic in China accounts for up to a third of gastric cancers worldwide. We aim to monitor the temporal and spatial dynamics of H. pylori infection in both adults and children across China.

Essential aspects of the CFD software modelling of biomass gasification processes in downdraft reactors.

Mathematical modelling and simulation of gasification processes are increasingly used in the scientific field. This review explores the application of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) in modeling biomass gasification processes in downdraft gasifiers. It discusses the different types of gasification agents used, the composition of syngas, and key operational parameters influencing the process.

Integrative and comprehensive pan-cancer analysis of ubiquitin specific peptidase 11 () as a prognostic and immunological biomarker.

The significance of as a critical regulator in cancer has garnered substantial attention, primarily due to its catalytic activity as a deubiquitinating enzyme. Nonetheless, a thorough evaluation of across various cancer types in pan-cancer studies remains absent. Our analysis integrates data from a variety of sources, including five immunotherapy cohorts, thirty-three cohorts from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and sixteen cohorts from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), two of which involve single-cell transcriptomic data.

Synergistically Engineering Grains and Grain Boundaries toward Li Dendrite-Free LiLaZrO.

Cation-doped cubic LiLaZrO is regarded as a promising solid electrolyte for safe and energy-dense solid-state lithium batteries. However, it suffers from the formation of LiCO and high electronic conductivity, which give rise to an unconformable Li/LiLaZrO interface and lithium dendrites. Herein, composite AlF-LiLaZrTaO solid electrolytes were created based on thermal AlF decomposition and F/O displacement reactions under a high-temperature sintering process.

Targeting tumour surface collage with hydrogel probe: a new strategy to enhance intraoperative imaging sensitivity and stability of bladder cancer.

Purpose: The incomplete resection of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) augments the risk of disease recurrence. Imaging-guided surgery by molecular probes represents a pivotal strategy for mitigating postoperative recurrence. Traditional optical molecular probes, primarily composed of antibodies/peptides targeting tumour cells and fluorescent groups, are challenged by the high heterogeneity of NMIBC cells, leading to inadequate probe sensitivity.

High Power Factor Flexible AgTe Film on Nylon by a Wet Chemical Method for Power Generator.

Herein, we develop a facile wet chemical method for the synthesis of AgTe powders at room temperature and flexible AgTe/nylon thermoelectric (TE) films are prepared by vacuum-assisted filtration of the synthesized AgTe powders and then hot pressing. Because of the good crystallinity of AgTe grains and continuous grain boundaries, an optimized film exhibits a power factor of 513 μW m K at 300 K, which stands among the highest values reported for AgTe-based films to date. In addition, the film also has good flexibility.

Reinforcement learning for individualized lung cancer screening schedules: A nested case-control study.

Background: The current guidelines for managing screen-detected pulmonary nodules offer rule-based recommendations for immediate diagnostic work-up or follow-up at intervals of 3, 6, or 12 months. Customized visit plans are lacking.

Purpose: To develop individualized screening schedules using reinforcement learning (RL) and evaluate the effectiveness of RL-based policy models.

Greatly Enhanced Thermoelectric Performance of Flexible CuS Composite Film on Nylon by Se Doping.

In this work, flexible CuS films on nylon membranes are prepared by combining a simple hydrothermal synthesis and vacuum filtration followed by hot pressing. The films consist of CuS and CuS two phases with grain sizes from nano to submicron. Doping Se on the S site not only increases the CuS content in the CuS to increase carrier concentration but also modifies electronic structure, thereby greatly improves the electrical properties of the CuS.

Prognostic and predictive value of interstitial lung abnormalities and EGFR mutation status in patients with non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: To determine the predictive value of interstitial lung abnormalities (ILA) for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation status and assess the prognostic significance of EGFR and ILA in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods: We reviewed 797 consecutive patients with a histologically proven diagnosis of primary NSCLC from January 2013 to October 2018. Of these, 109 patients with NSCLC were found to have concomitant ILA.

Largely Enhanced Thermoelectric Performance of Flexible AgSe Film by Cationic Doping and Dual-Phase Engineering.

Recent studies have shown that silver selenide is a promising thermoelectric material at room temperature. Herein, flexible films with a nominal composition of (AgCu)Se are prepared by a simple and efficient one-pot method combined with vacuum-assisted filtration and hot pressing. The thermoelectric properties of the films are regulated by both cationic doping and a dual-phase strategy via a wet chemical method.

Sample size calculation for mixture model based on geometric average hazard ratio and its applications to nonproportional hazard.

With the advent of cancer immunotherapy, some special features including delayed treatment effect, cure rate, diminishing treatment effect and crossing survival are often observed in survival analysis. They violate the proportional hazard model assumption and pose a unique challenge for the conventional trial design and analysis strategies. Many methods like cure rate model have been developed based on mixture model to incorporate some of these features.

Prevalence and patterns of multimorbidity in China during 2002-2022: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Multimorbidity is common, particularly among elderly people. Restructuring health service systems to better manage this public health issue requires knowledge regarding disease prevalence and patterns. We quantified the epidemiology characteristics of multimorbidity among adults in China to inform policy-making and resource allocation.

Largely Enhanced Thermoelectric Power Factor of Flexible CuS Film by Doping Mn.

Copper-sulfide-based materials have attracted noteworthy attention as thermoelectric materials due to rich elemental reserves, non-toxicity, low thermal conductivity, and adjustable electrical properties. However, research on the flexible thermoelectrics of copper sulfide has not yet been reported. In this work, we developed a facile method to prepare flexible Mn-doped CuS films on nylon membranes.

Product Attributes of CAR T-cell Therapy Differentially Associate with Efficacy and Toxicity in Second-line Large B-cell Lymphoma (ZUMA-7).

Unlabelled: Treatment resistance and toxicities remain a risk following chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy. Herein, we report pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and product and apheresis attributes associated with outcomes among patients with relapsed/refractory large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL) treated with axicabtagene ciloleucel (axi-cel) in ZUMA-7. Axi-cel peak expansion associated with clinical response and toxicity, but not response durability.

High-Performance AgSe Film by a Microwave-Assisted Synthesis Method for Flexible Thermoelectric Generators.

Flexible AgSe thermoelectric (TE) films are promising for wearable applications near room temperature (RT). Herein, a AgSe film on a nylon membrane with high TE performance was fabricated by a facile method. First, AgSe powders were prepared by a microwave-assisted synthesis method using Ag nanowires as a template.