FedCoSR: Personalized Federated Learning With Contrastive Shareable Representations for Label Heterogeneity in Non-IID Data.

Heterogeneity arising from label distribution skew and data scarcity can cause inaccuracy and unfairness in IC applications that heavily rely on distributed computing. To deal with it, this article proposes a novel PFL algorithm, named federated contrastive shareable representations (FedCoSRs), to facilitate knowledge sharing among clients while maintaining data privacy. Specifically, the parameters of local models' shallow layers and typical local representations are both considered as shareable information for the server and are aggregated globally.

 (Balsaminaceae), a new species from Sichuan, China.

K.Huang & Z.X.

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus induces PANoptosis in piglet intestinal cells via Z-RNA/ZBP1/ROS pathway-mediated oxidative stress activation.

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is a type of coronavirus that infects pigs, resulting in high mortality rates in piglets and posing a significant threat to the swine industry. However, the biological mechanisms underlying PEDV-induced intestinal damage and the role of oxidative stress in this context remain poorly understood. In the present study, quantitative proteomics was employed to identify key genes associated with PEDV infection.

Cross-sectional Study of Resident Physician Knowledge and Perceptions Regarding MASLD in Canada.

Background: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) affects approximately 25% of Canadians. As its prevalence grows, it is crucial for future primary care physicians to have a thorough understanding of MASLD to improve patient care.

Methods: We conducted a nationwide cross-sectional survey among resident physicians in primary care specialties to assess their knowledge and perceptions of MASLD.

A small molecular fluorescence probe capable of real-time monitoring the open and closed states of TRPA1 channel.

Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) channel serves as a critical mediator of nociceptive signaling across neural circuits, modulating pathophysiological processes from asthma to neurogenic inflammation through its unique ability to integrate chemical, thermal, and mechanical stimuli. Real-time monitoring conformational dynamics of TRPA1 is of significance for dissecting the roles of TRPA1 channel. Here, we present a small molecular fluorescence probe FPTRP-1 featuring a state-dependent fluorescence signature that directly correlates with TRPA1 gating status.

Checklist and analysis of the vascular flora in river valleys of Altay region Xinjiang China.

The checklist of the vascular flora in the river valleys of the Altay region (Xinjiang, China) was painstakingly compiled. We synthesized data from a variety of sources, including relevant literature, online databases, herbarium collections, and three years of dedicated floristic field surveys. In total, we observed and collated information on 213 species, which belong to 45 families and 124 genera.

Fate, mobility and pathogenicity of antibiotic resistome in a full-scale drinking water treatment plant: Highlighting the chlorination risks.

Drinking water treatment plants (DWTPs) serve as the last barrier in preventing the spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) into tap water, yet the distribution and dissemination mechanisms of ARGs in DWTPs remain unclear. In this study, the antibiotic resistome of a full-scale DWTP using Nansi Lake (an important node of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project's eastern route, China) as water source was investigated based on metagenomic analysis. The results showed that coagulation and chlorination were the two crucial processes increasing the relative abundance of ARGs in the DWTP, and the former predominantly enhanced that of sulfonamide RGs, while the latter increased that of bacitracin, aminoglycoside and multidrug RGs.

Systematics and floral micromorphology of core and its related groups (Asteraceae, Astereae): Taxonomic significance and phylogenetic insights.

Four floral microcharacters were examined within 40 species of core and its related groups in the genus L. (Asteraceae, Astereae). These microcharacters included corolla lobe, style base, endothecium cell wall thickening, and the relative length of the stigmatic line to sterile tip appendage of style branch.

Multifunctional applications and research advances of low-molecular-weight heparin.

Low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) is a class of anticoagulant drugs derived from the controlled depolymerization of heparin. LMWH possesses a lower molecular weight and a shorter glycan chain length than unfractionated heparin (UFH), resulting in higher bioavailability, a more predictable pharmacokinetic profile, and consequently, a more convenient administration route. These characteristics make LMWH a primary choice for thromboprophylaxis of deep vein thrombosis.

Reconfiguration/Immobilization "Dual-Free" Self-Powered Multiplex Photoelectrochemical Strategy for Dual Magnetic Bead-Mediated Dimension Differentiate Type Complex Sample Assay.

Despite significant advances in single-interface multiplex photoelectrochemical (PEC) sensors, their potential in high-throughput complex sample analysis is still limited by time-consuming immobilization and cumbersome surface reconfiguration procedures. Particularly for the rapidly growing demand for point-of-care testing, there is an urgent need to explore fast, low-consumption, and sustainable multisignal differentiation approaches ready for implantation into a portable sensor. Herein, a dual magnetic bead-mediated reconfiguration/immobilization "dual-free" strategy is proposed for self-powered PEC sensing of multiple targets on a single electrode.

Development and Application of a Modified Biochar-Calcium Alginate Composite (MB-CA) for In Situ Remediation of Cadmium-Contaminated Soil.

Agricultural monitoring reveals cadmium (Cd) as the most prevalent heavy metal pollutant in Chinese agricultural soils, with 7.0% of sampled sites exceeding the national soil environmental quality standard (GB 15618-2018), creating substantial risks for crop safety. In situ remediation is a cost-effective method that can modify the speciation and migration properties of Cd in soil.

Inhibitior of Bcl6 by FX1 protects DSS induced colitis mice through anti-inflammatory effects.

Introduction: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a complex immune-mediated condition, and biologics are the most commonly used drugs for its treatment. However, there are still cases of ineffective treatment. B-cell lymphoma 6 (Bcl6), a transcriptional suppressor, is known to have regulatory effects on multiple immune-associated cell subsets.

Visualizing Kv7 channels in living cells using a novel fluorescent probe.

Kv7 (KCNQ) channels are widely expressed on the membrane of excitable cells in central nervous system and play dominant roles in controlling membrane excitability. Abnormal of their surface abundance and activity can cause central nervous system disorders such as epilepsy and painful schizophrenia. Thus, it is important to find a simple and effective molecular tool for detecting the expression of Kv7 channels and further studying their roles in physiology.

Magnesium depletion scores as a risk factor for prevalence and mortality rates of urinary incontinence: a national survey analysis.

Background: Magnesium regulates vascular smooth muscle contraction, with implications for cardiovascular diseases. However, the population-level relevance of magnesium homeostasis to urinary incontinence (UI) subtypes and associated mortality remains unexamined.

Methods: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were utilized to investigate the association between magnesium depletion score (MDS) and urinary incontinence (UI) from 2005 to 2018.

Genomic evolution reshapes cell-type diversification in the amniote brain.

Over 320 million years of evolution, amniotes have developed complex brains and cognition through largely unexplored genetic and gene expression mechanisms. We created a comprehensive single-cell atlas of over 1.3 million cells from the telencephalon and cerebellum of turtles, zebra finches, pigeons, mice, and macaques, employing single-cell resolution spatial transcriptomics to validate gene expression patterns across species.

Iridium-Catalyzed Hydrocarboxylation of Olefins with CO and H.

CO is a greenhouse gas and a nontoxic, easily available and renewable C feedstock. H is a clean and cheap reductant that can be obtained from renewable energy. Olefins are platform chemicals that can be produced from a variety of raw materials such as petroleum, coal and renewable biomass.

Identification of S100A9 as a target for diagnosis and treatment of Crohn's Disease after Vedolizumab treatment failure.

The vedolizumab medication is the treatment that precisely targets the gut for Crohn's Disease (CD). It can inhibit the migration of lymphocytes to the intestinal site despite the fact that a significant portion of the population continues to be ineffectively treated. In this study, peripheral blood leukocytes sampled from the CD patients who are nonresponsive or responsive to vedolizumab treatment were used for transcriptome sequencing.

Systematic analysis of some Astereae (Asteraceae) species by Integrating pollen morphology and molecular evidence.

Astereae, the second-largest tribe within Asteraceae, includes numerous species of economic and medicinal importance. While comprehensive systematic studies have been conducted on Astereae classification, certain controversies remain unresolved. The taxonomic boundaries between alpine and are uncertain due to their morphological similarity, and the systematic placement of remains debated.

A simple monocular depth estimation network for balancing complexity and accuracy.

Monocular depth estimation plays a crucial role in many downstream visual tasks. Although research on monocular depth estimation is relatively mature, it commonly involves strategies that entail increasing both the computational complexity and the number of parameters to achieve superior performance. Particularly in practical applications, enhancing the accuracy of depth prediction while ensuring computational efficiency remains a challenging issue.

Biogas production enhancement from anaerobic digestion with magnetic biochar: Insights into the functional microbes and DIET.

The application of magnetic biochar in anaerobic digestion (AD) has gained increasing attention. However, the underlying mechanisms remain insufficiently understood. This study systematically investigated the effects of magnetic biochar on functional microbial communities involved in methanogenesis and elucidated its role in promoting direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET) within AD systems.

Investigation of an outbreak of carbapenem resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in an intensive care unit during the COVID-19 epidemic.

Background: During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic, the strain on intensive care units (ICUs) has increased, which made them more vulnerable to the threat of multidrug-resistant organism (MDRO).

Aim: This study aims to investigate an outbreak of carbapenem resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) infection in a general adult ICU of a tertiary hospital in China during the COVID-19 epidemic and evaluate the effectiveness of intervention measures.

Methods: Demographic and clinical data of 37 patients were collected, and 230 environmental samples were collected.

Discovery of non-electrophilic TRPA1 channel agonists with anti-nociceptive effects via rapid current desensitization.

Desensitizing transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) cation channel through agonists emerges as an effective strategy for developing analgesics. Many TRPA1 agonists are electrophilic irritants, including BITC and iodoacetamide (IA), which covalently bind to cysteine residues in the cytoplasmic region of the channel. The electrophile JT010 is also recognized as a potent TRPA1 agonist via covalent modification of Cys621, whose irritant effects have been confirmed in humans, highlighting a commonly undesirable property of these electrophilic agonists.

Photochemical control of cold-sensitive TRPA1 ion channel gating for modulation of pain sensation.

Background And Purpose: As a polymodal biosensor, the TRPA1 ion channel undergoes rapid opening and closing, a dynamic process known as gating that defines the fundamental function and modulation of ion channels. TRPA1 gating is primarily regulated by chemical and mechanical stimuli. However, whether and how TRPA1 gating transduces the biological function of pain sensation is poorly understood.