Engineering resistance genes against tomato brown rugose fruit virus.

Tomato brown rugose fruit virus (ToBRFV) overcomes all known tomato resistance genes, including the durable Tm-2, posing a serious threat to global tomato production. Here, we employed in vitro random mutagenesis to evolve the Tm-2 leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domain and screened ∼8,000 variants for gain-of-function mutants capable of recognizing the ToBRFV movement protein (MP) and triggering hypersensitive cell death. We identified five such mutants.

Ticagrelor increases peripheral 5-HT content by up-regulating the tryptophan hydroxylase 1 and down-regulating the serotonin transporter.

Ticagrelor, a reversible P2Y12 receptor antagonist, is the first-line recommended antiplatelet agent for acute coronary syndrome. Despite its widespread use, 13.8 % of patients report dyspnea, a side effect not fully understood but potentially linked to elevated levels of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT, or serotonin) associated with tracheal constriction.

Establishment of efficient Trichosanthes mottle mosaic virus-derived gene silencing in cucurbit plants.

The Cucurbitaceae family includes a wide range of economically important fruits and vegetables; however, the laborious and highly inefficient genetic transformation efficacy of cucurbits has hindered the exploration of their gene functions. Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) technology, employed from the antiviral RNA silencing defense, has emerged as a viable alternative for high-throughput study of plant gene function. In this study, we successfully established a VIGS system utilizing Trichosanthes mottle mosaic virus (TrMMV), a new member of the genus Tobamovirus.

Mechanisms Leading to Sedentary Behaviors among Older Adults in Chinese Residential Care Homes: The Capability, Opportunity, Motivation-Behavior Model Guided Structural Equation Modeling.

Objective: To evaluate sedentary behaviors among older adults in residential care homes and explore potential mechanisms leading to sedentary behaviors based on the Capability, Opportunity, and Motivation to Behavior (COM-B) model.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting And Participants: We collected data from 329 residents who lived in 11 residential care homes in China.

PPARγ is a potential therapeutic target for radiation enteritis via suppressing ferroptosis, mediated by the GAPDH/glycosylation axis.

Background And Purpose: Radiation enteritis (RE) is a severe complication after radiotherapy with no specific therapeutic agents. Here, we have attempted to identify the key therapeutic targets for RE, to advance drug development.

Experimental Approach: Therapeutic targets were screened and identified using RE patients' intestinal samples, bioinformatics, and mouse models.

Identification of Interaction Between Geminivirus and Plant Proteins by Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation (BiFC).

Geminiviruses rely heavily on complicated protein-protein interactions between viral proteins and between virus and host plant proteins to establish successful infection. The bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) assay is based on the in vivo complementation of nonfluorescent component parts of a fluorescent protein through the interaction of proximity target proteins, each fused to a different part of the fluorescent protein. Here, we describe a protocol for the BiFC-based method for the identification of the interaction between geminivirus and plant proteins, which allows for the visualization of protein-protein interactions and the subcellular localization of protein interaction complexes in living systems.

Electrospun anisotropic fiber reinforced composites for artificial heart valves.

Anisotropic composite valves that approximate natural heart valves are essential for the successful construction of tissue-engineered heart valves. In this work, anisotropic nylon (polyamides, PA) fiber membranes were prepared electrospinning and further composited with thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) by the impregnation method to obtain anisotropic PA/TPU composite valves. Young's modulus of the PA/TPU composite valves in the axial and radial directions along the fibers was 85.

Association of body roundness index with cardiovascular disease in patients with cardiometabolic syndrome: a cross-sectional study based on NHANES 2009-2018.

Background: Cardiometabolic syndrome (CMS), marked by abdominal obesity and metabolic dysregulation, is associated with a heightened risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Compared to the traditional anthropometric predictors represented by body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC), body roundness index (BRI) appears to provide a more accurate reflection of the abdominal fat distribution associated with metabolic diseases. Therefore, this study intends to investigate the association of BRI with the risk of CVD and its components including congestive heart failure (CHF), coronary heart disease (CHD), angina, heart attack, and stroke in patients with CMS.

Assessment of the impact of different SARS-CoV-2 inactivation operations on colistin sulfate plasma concentration results.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of different SARS-CoV-2 inactivation methods on the blood concentration of colistin sulfate.

Methods: A colistin sulfate reference substance, a quality control plasma sample, and a clinically measured sample were transferred and heated in a 56 °C water batch for 30 min or irradiated under an ultraviolet (UV) lamp for 60 min to examine the stability of the reference solution and quality control plasma sample. Statistical analysis was conducted for the concentration of the clinically measured sample before and after inactivation with the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) method, the Passing-Bablok regression, and the Bland-Altman analysis.

Factors influencing pregnant women's intention toward bed-sharing with infant in China: a cross-sectional study.

Bed-sharing can have a negative impact on infant sleep safety. In order to reduce the occurrence of bed-sharing with infants, it's necessary to shift the research lens from newborn parents to the antenatal stage before infant birth. Our study aimed to assess the attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and intentions of pregnant women about bed-sharing based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB).

Clinical Effectiveness and Safety of Colistin Sulphate in Treating Infections Caused by Carbapenem-Resistant Organisms and Analysis of Influencing Factors.

Objective: To assess the efficacy and safety of colistin sulfate in treating infections caused by carbapenem-resistant organisms (CRO) and to analyze potential factors impacting its effectiveness.

Methods: In this retrospective study, medical records of CRO-infected patients from June 2020 to June 2023 were analyzed, divided into effective and ineffective treatment groups, and compared for clinical outcomes and adverse reactions. Multifactorial logistic regression and ROC curve analysis were used to identify influencing factors.

A review of advanced helical fibers: formation mechanism, preparation, properties, and applications.

As a unique structural form, helical structures have a wide range of application prospects. In the field of biology, helical structures are essential for the function of biological macromolecules such as proteins, so the study of helical structures can help to deeply understand life phenomena and develop new biotechnology. In materials science, helical structures can give rise to special physical and chemical properties, such as in the case of spiral nanotubes, helical fibers, , which are expected to be used in energy, environment, medical and other fields.

Coordination-driven in-situ controlled synthesis of cellulose-based fluorescent composite with tunable color for decoration, anti-counterfeiting, and accurate color recognition.

Fluorescent composites have widespread applications in many aspects. Wood-derived cellulose is a renewable, easily processed and biodegradable, and cellulose-based fluorescent composites are highly favored for in different fields. However, the existing cellulose-based fluorescent composites still have many urgent problems to be solved, such as unstable luminescence properties and easy shedding of luminescent substances, and the development of their practical applications is still a formidable challenge.

Effectiveness of Virtual Reality in the Management of Anxiety and Pain Peri-Treatment for Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Breast cancer is the second most common cancer in humans. Its therapy procedures such as breast biopsy can cause anxiety and persistent pain in patients. Virtual reality (VR) has been applied to promote comfort in various populations.

Antibiotics affect the pharmacokinetics of n-butylphthalide in vivo by altering the intestinal microbiota.

Objective: N-butylphthalide (NBP) is a monomeric compound extracted from natural plant celery seeds, whether intestinal microbiota alteration can modify its pharmacokinetics is still unclear. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of intestinal microbiota alteration on the pharmacokinetics of NBP and its related mechanisms.

Methods: After treatment with antibiotics and probiotics, plasma NBP concentrations in SD rats were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS).

Identification and genomic insights into a strain of Bacillus velezensis with phytopathogen-inhibiting and plant growth-promoting properties.

The use of biological agents offers a sustainable alternative to chemical control in managing plant diseases. In this study, Bacillus velezensis IFST-221 was isolated from the rhizosphere of a healthy maize plant amidst a population showing severe disease symptoms. The investigation demonstrated a broad-spectrum antagonistic activity of IFST-221 against eight species of pathogenic ascomycetes and oomycetes, suggesting its potential utility in combating plant diseases like maize ear rot and cotton Verticillium wilt.

Mechanism of salt tolerance in the endangered semi-mangrove plant : anatomical structure and photosynthetic and fluorescence characteristics.

To elucidate the mechanisms governing the salt tolerance of the endangered semi-mangrove plant , the biomass, photosynthetic and fluorescent characteristics, and anatomical structure of were studied under low, medium and high salt stress. The results showed that the stem dry weight, net photosynthetic rate, intercellular CO concentration, Fv/Fm, and ΦPSI of decreased under high salt stress, which led to a significant reduction in total dry weight. Stem dry weight was significantly positively correlated with the thickness of palisade tissue and significantly negatively correlated with the thickness of the epidermis of roots and xylem of stems.

Simultaneous determination of colistin sulfate and tigecycline in human plasma by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method.

Objective: To establish a high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method (HPLC-MS/MS) to simultaneously determine colistin sulfate and tigecycline in human plasma.

Methods: Polymyxin B internal standard (20 µL) was added into 200 µL of plasma sample. The samples were treated with methanol-5% trichloroacetic acid (50:50, V/V) solution, and the protein precipitation method was adopted for post-injection analysis.

Two viral proteins translated from one open reading frame target different layers of plant defense.

Multilayered defense responses are activated upon pathogen attack. Viruses utilize a number of strategies to maximize the coding capacity of their small genomes and produce viral proteins for infection, including suppression of host defense. Here, we reveal translation leakage as one of these strategies: two viral effectors encoded by tomato golden mosaic virus, chloroplast-localized C4 (cC4) and membrane-associated C4 (mC4), are translated from two in-frame start codons and function cooperatively to suppress defense.

Molecular characterization and pathogenicity of an infectious clone of tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus isolate infecting Cucumis melo.

Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV) is a member of the genus Begomovirus, and causes devastating disease in the world. In recent years, ToLCNDV was rapidly spreading in China and induces severe economic losses in agriculture. In this study, we sequenced and characterized the complete genome of ToLCNDV isolates from melon plants showing leaf curling and stunting symptoms in Jiangsu Province of China.

Development and application of monoclonal antibody-based dot-ELISA and colloidal gold immunochromatographic strip for rapid, specific, and sensitive detection of tomato brown rugose fruit virus.

Tomato brown rugose fruit virus (ToBRFV) is an emerging tobamovirus that has become a great concern to tomato production industry. Due to the lack of resistant cultivars, precise detection of ToBRFV is essential to prevent the spread of ToBRFV. In this study, we produced highly sensitive and specific monoclonal antibodies against ToBRFV and established dot-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (dot-ELISA) and colloidal gold immunochromatographic strip (CGICS)-based methods for ToBRFV detection.