Cu-Catalyzed Desaturation-Relay Imidation of 2-Piperidones.

We demonstrate a copper-catalyzed regioselective cascade oxidative desaturation and imidation of saturated heterocycles using -fluorobenzenesulfonimide (NFSI) as both an oxidant and an imidating reagent. A broad range of substituted piperidones, lactams, and cyclic ketones with high functional group tolerance could be successfully utilized in this transformation. TEMPO-trap experiments, control experiments, and DFT calculations provided supporting evidence for the possible desaturation process.

Genome-Wide Identification, Characterization, and Comparison of Family Genes in Salt Tolerance Between Barley and Rice.

Soil salinization constitutes a major constraint on global agricultural production, with marked divergence in salt adaptation strategies between salt-tolerant barley () and salt-sensitive rice (). This study systematically investigated the evolution and functional specialization of the C3HC4-type RING zinc finger gene family, known to mediate abiotic stress responses through E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, in these contrasting cereal species. Through comparative genomics, we identified 123 genes and 90 genes, phylogenetically classified into four conserved subgroups.

Patient journey and Quality of Life for Patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPFLife) in China: a sequential exploratory mixed methods research protocol.

Introduction: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a rare, chronic and progressive lung disease with a significant impact on patients' quality of life. While much research has focused on disease mechanisms and treatment efficacy, limited attention has been paid to the landscape, unmet needs, patient experiences and quality of life. Understanding these aspects through the patient journey is essential for developing patient-centred therapeutic strategies.

Bibliometrics and Visualization Analysis of Three Obligate Organohalide Respiring Bacteria Genera: A Systematic Review.

Organohalide-respiring bacteria (OHRB) facilitate the reductive dehalogenation of toxic halogenated compounds in the environment, which supports their growth and proliferation. Research conducted on OHRB has achieved notable advancements. However, given the intricacy of the ecosystem and the methodologies employed for microbial isolation, numerous constraints persist.

Extracellular vesicles from ovarian cancer cells induce senescent lipid-laden macrophages to facilitate omental metastasis.

Background: Ovarian cancer exhibits striking metastatic tropism for the omentum, where lipid-laden macrophages are key mediators that fuel disease progression. However, the mechanisms governing their formation and pro-metastatic functions remain poorly understood. As extracellular vesicles (EVs) have as critical regulators of tumor-stroma crosstalk in metastatic niches, we sought to define how ovarian cancer-derived EVs orchestrate macrophages and adipocytes, and their impact on omental metastasis, aiming to explore potential therapeutic interventions.

Risk factors and management strategies for periprocedural cardiac tamponade during percutaneous cardiac interventions: an 11-year single-center case-control study.

Background: Cardiac tamponade, a life-threatening complication of cardiac intervention procedures, presents challenges in determining the optimal treatment approach. This investigation aimed to elucidate the clinical presentations of cardiac tamponade following cardiac interventions and to discern predictors favoring a non-operative management approach.

Methods: A retrospective analysis encompassed 95,858 individuals undergoing cardiac interventions, within which 106 encountered cardiac tamponade, was conducted.

: Single-cell immune repertoire trajectory analysis in R.

Integration of single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) and adaptive immune receptor (AIR) sequencing (scVDJ-seq) is extremely powerful in studying lymphocyte development. A python-based package, , introduced the VDJ-feature space method, which addresses the challenge of integrating single-cell AIR data with gene expression data and enhances trajectory analysis results. However, no R-based equivalent or similar methods currently exist.

Determination of Intermolecular Distances in Dilute Solutions of Macroions and Their Direct Correlations with Self-Assembly and Macrophase Transitions.

This work demonstrates new attempts to determine the intermolecular distances between charged macroionic solutes in their dilute solutions, which regulate the solute's microphase (self-assembly) and macrophase transitions. Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and analytical ultracentrifuge (AUC) techniques were applied to determine the intermolecular distances for the 2.42 nm-sized, spherical uranyl peroxide molecular cluster {U} in their self-assembled states in dilute aqueous solution and concentrated phases, respectively.

Astilbin Alleviates IL-17-Induced Hyperproliferation and Inflammation in HaCaT Cells via Inhibiting Ferroptosis Through the cGAS-STING Pathway.

Psoriasis, a chronic inflammatory skin disorder, is driven by dysregulated immune responses and keratinocyte dysfunction. Here, we explore the therapeutic potential of Astilbin (AST), a flavonoid with potent anti-inflammatory properties, in modulating ferroptosis and the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway in IL-17-stimulated HaCaT keratinocytes. Our psoriatic cell model recapitulated key pathological features, including hyperproliferation, membrane integrity loss, mitochondrial dysfunction, and heightened oxidative stress, alongside elevated proinflammatory cytokine levels.

Prediction of retinopathy risk: A prospective cohort study in China.

Aim: To identify risk factors for retinopathy and to develop a nomogram for individualised risk prediction in a multi-ethnic Chinese cohort.

Methods: Data were derived from the SENSIBLE-Cohort, excluding participants with retinopathy at baseline. Two nomograms were constructed: one using baseline data only (Baseline), and one incorporating baseline and follow-up data (Combination).

Dimerization of the BAR domain-containing protein FAM92A modulates lipid binding and interaction with CBY1.

BAR (Bin/Amphiphysin/Rvs) domain proteins drive membrane remodeling critical for cellular processes like ciliogenesis and organelle morphology. FAM92A (family with sequence similarity 92A), a classical BAR protein, regulates ciliary assembly, mitochondrial ultrastructure, and neuronal membrane dynamics, yet its molecular mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we determined the 2.

Proteomic and transcriptomic analysis of the effects of SRBSDV infection on saliva secretion in WBPH.

Most plant viruses rely on insect vectors for transmission, with insect saliva serving as a critical interface in tripartite virus-vector-host interactions. Southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus (SRBSDV), a destructive pathogen transmitted by the white-backed planthopper (Sogatella furcifera, WBPH), severely threatens rice production, yet the mechanisms by which SRBSDV manipulates WBPH salivary secretion to enhance viral spread remain poorly understood. Here, integrated proteomic and transcriptomic analyses revealed that SRBSDV infection significantly reduces salivary protein diversity and abundance in WBPH, including digestive enzymes, redox regulators, and effector proteins critical for suppressing plant defenses.

Therapeutic hypothermia for acute ischemic stroke: from preclinical studies to clinical trials.

Therapeutic hypothermia (TH) is acknowledged as a promising neuroprotective strategy in clinical settings. However, its application in managing acute ischemic stroke (AIS) remains unclear due to variable clinical outcomes in bench and bedsides. A comprehensive review of original studies concerning hypothermia in ischemic stroke was conducted, sourcing data from PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Ovid Medicine databases covering the period from January 1, 1990 to October 31, 2023.

Characterization of immune features and discovery of potential biomarkers for ankylosing spondylitis using deep plasma proteomics.

Introduction: Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a systemic inflammatory disorder that predominantly involves the axial skeleton, often leading to irreversible structural damage and disability. Although several therapeutic measurements are available, limitations in efficacy and long-term outcomes remain significant. Therefore, identifying novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets is of critical importance for optimizing clinical management and prognostic evaluation in AS patients.

A new method for dealing with collider bias in the PWP model for recurrent events in randomized controlled trials.

Background: Evaluating recurrent events within a time-to-event analysis framework effectively utilizes all relevant information to address the clinical question of interest fully and has certain advantages in randomized controlled trials (RCTs). However, the Prentice, Williams, and Peterson (PWP) model disrupts the randomness of the risk set for subsequent recurrent events other than the first and consequently introduces bias in estimating effects. This study aimed to propose a weighted PWP model, evaluate its statistical performance, and assess the potential consequences of using common practices when each recurrence has different baseline hazard functions.

Data standards for single-cell RNA-sequencing of paediatric cancer.

Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) is a powerful tool for investigating paediatric cancers, but individual studies often profile a small number of individuals. It is now the standard practice to upload the scRNA-seq data to data repositories to support scientific reproducibility. Public data deposition is a cost-effective and sustainability-conscious solution that allows any researcher to download and analyse existing scRNA-seq data to develop new ideas.

High internal phase Pickering emulsions stabilized by tea residue protein: Application in β-carotene encapsulation.

The increasing production and consumption of tea drinks has led to the generation of large amounts of discarded extracted tea residues. As a result, researchers have attempted to extract tea water-insoluble protein (TP) from discarded tea residues to produce food emulsifiers. Thus, in this study, high-internal-phase Pickering emulsions (HIPPEs) stabilized by TP were developed and characterized.

Endogenous Enzyme-Activated Spatial Confinement DNA Nanowire with a Tumor Cell-Specific Response for High-Precision Imaging of the Tumor/Normal Cells Boundary.

Developing tumor cell-specific imaging approaches is essential for the clear delineation of tumor margins. However, traditional imaging approaches suffered from low reaction kinetics as well as limited tumor specificity resulting from their "always active" sensing mode, making it difficult to accurately depict tumor boundary. To address these limitations, we developed an endogenous enzyme-activated spatial confinement DNA nanowire probe (E-SCNW) with an enhanced tumor/normal cell discrimination ratio for high precision imaging of the tumor/normal cells boundary.

Differential Expression Profile of miRNA in Urine Exosomes of Patients with Calcium Oxalate Stones and Its Bioinformatics Analysis.

Background: Extracellular microRNA (miRNA) (exosomal miRNA) embedded in exosomes plays a vital role in the progression of calcium oxalate disease. This study aimed to identify dysregulated miRNA expression profiles and their biological functions in the urinary exosomes of patients with calcium oxalate.

Methods: Ultrahigh-speed centrifugation and Illumina high-throughput sequencing were used to isolate and detect the expression levels of exocrine miRNAs in urine samples from 10 patients with calcium oxalate stones and 10 matched normal persons, and construct their differential expression profiles.

Prediction model for psychological disorders in ankylosing spondylitis patients based on multi-label classification.

Objective: This study aims to develop a predictive model to assess the likelihood of psychological disorders in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and to explore the relationships between different factors and psychological disorders.

Methods: Patients were randomly divided into training and test sets in an 8:2 ratio. The Boruta algorithm was applied to select predictive factors, and a multi-label classification learning algorithm based on association rules (AR) was developed.

Patient Education on Exercise Prehabilitation Among Patients Receiving Neoadjuvant Therapy for Cancer Surgery in China: A Mixed-Methods Study.

: Patients undergoing neoadjuvant therapy have ample time to engage in exercise prehabilitation. This study aimed to describe the current status, facilitators, and barriers of exercise prehabilitation among this population. : This sequential explanatory mixed-methods evaluation was conducted at a general tertiary hospital in Beijing.

Advances in nanoplatform-based multimodal combination therapy activating STING pathway for enhanced anti-tumor immunotherapy.

Activation of the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase(cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) has great potential to promote antitumor immunity. As a major effector of the cell to sense and respond to the aberrant presence of cytoplasmic double-stranded DNA (dsDNA), inducing the expression and secretion of type I interferons (IFN) and STING, cGAS-STING signaling pathway establishes an effective natural immune response, which is one of the fundamental mechanisms of host defense in organisms. In addition to the release of heterologous DNA due to pathogen invasion and replication, mitochondrial damage and massive cell death can also cause abnormal leakage of the body's own dsDNA, which is then recognized by the DNA receptor cGAS and activates the cGAS-STING signaling pathway.

A weighted predictive modeling method for estimating thresholds of meaningful within-individual change for patient-reported outcomes.

Purpose: Calculating the threshold for meaningful within-individual change (MWIC) is essential for interpreting patient-reported outcomes (PRO). However, traditional methods of determining MWIC threshold yield varying estimates and lack a standardized approach. We aim to propose a novel method for more accurate MWIC threshold estimation.

Self-Advocacy Among Women With Uterine Malignancies.

Background: Self-advocacy plays a crucial role in the mental health and treatment outcomes of oncology patients, particularly those with uterine malignancies. Despite its significance, research on the self-advocacy levels and influencing factors among Chinese patients with uterine malignancies remains limited.

Objectives: To assess the self-advocacy levels among Chinese patients with uterine malignancies and identify the demographic, psychological resilience, and decision self-efficacy factors that influence self-advocacy.

Phage Cocktail Alleviates Bacterial Canker of Kiwifruit by Modulating Bacterial Community Structure in Field Trial.

Bacterial canker of kiwifruit is the most destructive bacterial disease caused by pv. . Bacteriophages are regarded as promising biocontrol agents against kiwifruit bacterial pathogens due to their exceptional host specificity and environmentally friendly nature.