kmmDE: a Non-parametric Method for Differential Expression Analysis of Time-course RNA-seq Data Using Maximum Mean Discrepancy.

Accurately identifying differentially expressed genes from time-course RNA-Seq data is essential for understanding the dynamics of transcriptome changes during biological processes. Although various methods for differential expression analysis of time-course RNA-seq data were developed, they are limited by their reliance on specific distribution assumptions, and their performance is restricted in datasets without replicates or in short time-series datasets. To address these challenges, we propose a non-parametric method called kmmDE for differential expression analysis based on maximum mean discrepancy.

Neuroprotective effect of Urolithin A via downregulating VDAC1-mediated autophagy in Alzheimer's disease.

Background: Amyloid β (Aβ) accumulation in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) contributes to cognitive impairment and neuronal damage. Urolithin A (UA), a gut microbiota-derived metabolite of ellagic acid, has been reported to cross the blood-brain barrier to exert anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidation effects in the brain. However, the molecular mechanisms of UA in AD were still unclear.

A biophysical and molecular characterization of the interaction between the Alzheimer risk factor BIN1 and the neuronal scaffold protein p140Cap.

Bridging Integrator 1 (BIN1) is a genetic risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer disease. BIN1's participation in endocytosis, membrane remodeling, and modulation of actin dynamics is well-characterized in non-neuronal cells. In neurons, BIN1 is enriched at presynaptic sites, where it facilitates excitatory neurotransmitter vesicle release.

An efficient swarm evolution algorithm with probability learning for the black and white coloring problem.

There is a graph G = (V, E), which has n vertices and l edges. Color the vertices of G black or white, ensuring no black vertex is adjacent to any white vertex, thus partitioning them into disjoint black and white sets. The optimal solution of the black and white coloring (BWC) problem is defined as the coloring scheme that maximizes the number of white vertices in the corresponding set, given a fixed number of black vertices.

Associations between prenatal exposure to air pollution and infant growth trajectories in the first two years: Exploring potential sexual dimorphism and sensitive windows.

Background: The exposure-response association between prenatal air pollution and infant growth trajectories is unknown.

Objectives: This study aims to assess how single and mixed exposure to prenatal air pollutants influence early-life growth trajectories and to explore the potential for sexual dimorphism and sensitive windows.

Methods: This study conducted a longitudinal analysis of 2278 mother-infant pairs from Ma' anshan birth cohort in China.

Topological information entropy and spectral energy analysis in aminal-linked covalent organic frameworks.

The development of novel topologies in covalent organic frameworks (COFs) enhances reticular chemistry and materials science, offering a systematic approach to constructing COFs and uncovering intricate relationships between their structures and properties. The inclusion of aminal derived linkages enables COFs with greater structural diversity and exceptional functionalities. This study examines the graph-structural properties of aminal-linked COFs using entropy information and hybrid topological descriptors, determining their topological complexity.

Point-based method for measuring the phenotypic data of channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus).

In industrial societies, most fishery research institutes collect the phenotypic data of fish manually, which is time-consuming, labor-intensive, error-prone, and results in incomplete data. Considering their stress reaction and the natural body extension to collect the phenotypic data of fish quickly and accurately, channel catfish was used as the research subject and a deep-learning-based method was developed to explore their phenotypic data, i.e.

Practical AI application in psychiatry: historical review and future directions.

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in mental healthcare holds promise for enhancing diagnostic precision, treatment efficacy, and personalized care. Despite AI's potential to analyze vast datasets and identify subtle patterns, its clinical adoption in psychiatry remains limited. This review critically examines the emerging role of AI in psychiatry, elucidating its utility, challenges, and implications for clinical practice.

Cellulose Nanofibril-Based Triboelectric Nanogenerators Enhanced by Isoreticular Metal-Organic Frameworks for Long-Term Motion Monitoring.

Cellulose nanofibril (CNF) is a sort of novel nanomaterial directly extracted from plant resources, inheriting the advantages of cellulose as a cheap, green and renewable material for the development of new-generation eco-friendly electronics. In recent years, CNF-based triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) has attracted increasing research interests, as the unique chemical, morphological, and electrical properties of CNF render the device with considerable flexibility, mechanical strength, and triboelectric output. In this study, we explore the use of isoreticular metal-organic frameworks (IRMOF) as functional filler to improve the performance of CNF based TENGs.

Evolution of Core Symptoms of Depression Disorders Among Chinese Adolescents Across Different Grades.

Adolescence is a high-risk period for depression, especially after the COVID-19 pandemic, when adolescent depression has become increasingly severe. This study employs network analysis to identify core symptoms at various stages. It explores the differences in depression symptom characteristics among Chinese adolescents of different genders during elementary, middle, and high school periods.

High-fat diet and chronic restraint stress exacerbate anxiety-depressive behaviors via astrocytic A1 phenotype transformation.

Obesity and depression are likely to co-occur. However, there are few reports on the relationship between obesity and depression. We aimed to investigate the effect of high-fat diet combined with chronic restraint stress on depressive-like behaviors, focusing on the phenotypic transformation of astrocytes.

Rinsenoside Rg1 and its involvement in Hippo-YAP signaling pathway alleviating symptoms of depressive-like behavior.

Ginsenoside Rg1 (G-Rg1) has potential antidepressant effects, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Presently, sixty 6-8 week-old male C57BL/6 mice were selected and randomly allocated to control, chronic restraint stress (CRS), CRS and low G-Rg1 administration (CRS + L-Rg1), CRS and high G-Rg1 administration (CRS + H-Rg1), and CRS and fluoxetine administration (CRS + FLX) groups. The component of anxiety in psychic processes and neuropathological changes occurring in dentate gyrus (DG) neurons were evaluated, where PC12 cells were assessed for the expression of G-Rg1.

Exploring the Biodiversity and Antibacterial Potential of the Culturable Soil Fungi in Nyingchi, Tibet.

The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, known as "the third pole" of the Earth, boasts unique climatic conditions with abundant sunlight, low temperature, and significant annual temperature variations, nurturing a diverse array of soil microorganisms with rich metabolic products. In this study, 132 fungal isolates were isolated and identified from the soil samples collected in Nyingchi, Tibet, belonging to 32 genera and 59 species, while Ascomycota, Mucoromycota, and Basidiomycota accounted for 91.7%, 7.

Efficient human activity recognition on edge devices using DeepConv LSTM architectures.

Driven by the rapid development of the Internet of Things (IoT), deploying deep learning models on resource-constrained hardware has become an increasingly critical challenge, which has propelled the emergence of TinyML as a viable solution. This study aims to deploy lightweight deep learning models for human activity recognition (HAR) using TinyML on edge devices. We designed and evaluated three models: a 2D Convolutional Neural Network (2D CNN), a 1D Convolutional Neural Network (1D CNN), and a DeepConv LSTM.

Joint association between tobacco smoke exposure and periodontitis and glycemic status.

Objective: Both tobacco smoke exposure (TSE) and periodontitis were independently associated with glycemic status. However, studies focusing on the co-exposure and relative contributions of TSE and periodontitis to glycemic status are rare. This study intended to examine the joint and mutual associations between TSE and periodontitis and glycemic status among American adults.

Adverse associations of pre-pregnancy exposure to PM and its components with fetal growth alleviated by residential greenness: a prospective cohort study.

Maternal exposure to fine particulate matter (PM) and residential greenness both influence fetal growth. No previous studies have examined their sex-specific and interaction effects. We aim to evaluate the sex-specific effects in these associations and exposure interactions.

A negative correlation of low estimated glucose disposal rate with significant liver fibrosis in adults with NAFLD and obesity: results from NHANES 2017-2020.

Background And Aim: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) with liver fibrosis is associated with liver-related mortality and cardiovascular disease. Estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR), which is an insulin resistance-related index, is related to the mortality caused by NAFLD. This study aimed to investigate the predictive value of eGDR for liver fibrosis in patients with NAFLD.

2,3,4-Trihydroxybenzophenone-induced cardiac and neurological toxicity: Heart-brain interaction mediated by regulation of pgam1a and pgk1 involved in glycolysis and gluconeogenesis in zebrafish.

2,3,4-trihydroxybenzophenone (2,3,4-THBP) is a benzophenone-type UV filter commonly used in sunscreens. However, the widespread application of BP-UV filters has led to an appearance of this chemical in the environment and living organisms. Despite of this, there is poor understanding of the bio-toxicity of 2,3,4-THBP.

Exploring the impact of gut microbiota-mediated regulation of exosomal miRNAs from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on the regulation of bone metabolism.

Background: Osteoporosis, which is a prevalent metabolic bone disease, is closely associated with imbalances in the gut microbiota.

Methods: The ovaries of female 6-month-old Sprague-Dawley rats were surgically removed to induce osteoporosis. Subsequently, 16S rRNA sequencing was employed to characterize the gut microbiota in the osteoporotic rats.

An experimental study of a novel high-precision iliac vein pressure measuring device to evaluate iliac vein compression syndrome.

ObjectiveThis study aims to assess the clinical value of a novel high-precision iliac vein pressure measuring device to diagnose and treat iliac vein compression syndrome.MethodsA total of 38 patients with clinically confirmed iliac vein compression syndrome (all lesions on the left side) were selected. The iliac vein pressure and pressure recovery time (time taken for pressure to return to resting levels) were measured in four states: rest, affected limb elevation, ankle extension and flexion, and gastrocnemius muscle compression.

Thyroid hormone, immunoglobin and complements for predicting hepatocellular carcinoma development in patients with hepatitis B virus-related liver cirrhosis.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) surveillance is crucial for patients with compensated cirrhosis (CC) and decompensated cirrhosis (DC). Increasing evidence has revealed a connection between thyroid hormone (TH) and HCC, although this relationship remains contentious. Complements and immunoglobulin (Ig), which serve as surrogates of cirrhosis-associated immune dysfunction, are associated with the severity and outcomes of liver cirrhosis (LC).

Exploring the Efficacy and Target Genes of Against Alzheimer's Disease Based on Multi-Omics, Computational Chemistry, and Experimental Verification.

Objective: To unveil the efficacy and ferroptosis-related mechanisms of (AMK) against Alzheimer's disease (AD), which is the most widespread neurodegenerative disease.

Methods: Gene set variation analysis (GSVA) scores were used to investigate the relationship between ferroptosis and AD. Logistic regression with seven feature selections and a deep learning model were utilized to identify potential targets of AMK based on transcriptomic data from multiple tissues.

Cognitive shifts in pain perception under moral enhancement conditions: Evidence from an EEG study.

In social life, empathy and morality are often viewed as inseparable and mutually reinforcing. Pain empathy is a key form of empathy, and understanding how social moral factors affect pain empathy is an important challenge. This study uses various EEG analysis methods to explore the cognitive and neural mechanisms by which moral enhancement affects pain empathy.

Quorum sensing of Bifidobacteria: Research and progress.

Quorum sensing (QS) is a common method of communication among bacteria. While previous studies have discovered the mechanisms of QS in a variety of pathogenic bacteria, relatively little research has focused on probiotics, such as Bifidobacteria. Recent studies have detected QS signalling molecules in Bifidobacteria, but it remains unclear whether the probiotic properties of Bifidobacteria are mediated by QS.