Comparative Analysis of Chloroplast Genome Between Widely Distributed and Locally Distributed (Gesneriaceae) Related Members.

The genus belongs to the family Gesneriaceae and includes plants with both ornamental and medicinal value. However, genomic-level data on the genus remains scarce. Previous investigations of have predominantly centered on morphological classification, with only limited exploration of molecular phylogenetics.

Study on the synthesis of nano-hydroxyapatite assisted by sodium dodecyl sulfate significantly enhances the adsorption performance of rhodamine B.

In this study, we synthesized sodium dodecyl sulfate modified hydroxyapatite (SDS-HAP) to enhance the removal efficiency of rhodamine B (RhB) dye. The SDS-HAP prepared using the sol-gel method exhibited a significantly higher adsorption capacity compared to pristine HAP. Various characterization techniques, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), N adsorption-desorption isotherms, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), were utilized to systematically investigate the morphological and structural changes.

Comparison of efficacy between Kirschner wire and cannulated screw internal fixation after pediatric supracondylar humeral fracture osteotomy.

Background: In post-traumatic cubitus varus osteotomy, conventional internal fixation methods typically involve the use of Kirschner wires (K-wires). Nevertheless, with advancements in medical technology and a growing demand for robust internal fixation, surgeons are increasingly opting for cannulated screws. Despite this trend, controversy remains regarding whether cannulated screws are superior to K-wires, particularly in pediatric patients with open epiphyses.

Associations between prenatal exposure to air pollution and infant growth trajectories in the first two years: Exploring potential sexual dimorphism and sensitive windows.

Background: The exposure-response association between prenatal air pollution and infant growth trajectories is unknown.

Objectives: This study aims to assess how single and mixed exposure to prenatal air pollutants influence early-life growth trajectories and to explore the potential for sexual dimorphism and sensitive windows.

Methods: This study conducted a longitudinal analysis of 2278 mother-infant pairs from Ma' anshan birth cohort in China.

Heel kicking exercise rapidly improves pain and function in patients with acute lateral ankle sprain: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Ankle sprain is one of the common traumatic injuries in daily life, and PRICE (protection, rest, ice, compression pressure bandaging, elevation of the affected limb) principle is routinely recommended at its early stage. In traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), bone-setting technique (BST) can quickly relieve ankle pain and improve walking function, but physicians require high skills and physical strength. In this study, we designed an exercise-heel kicking exercise (HKE) based on the principles and methods of BST.

Phosphodiesterase 12 facilitates the growth and metastatic capabilities of gastric cancer cells by activating the TCAF2/JAK2/STAT3 axis.

Phosphodiesterase 12 (PDE12), also known as 2'-PDE, is a key molecule in the 2-5A antiviral system and a member of the endonuclease-exonuclease-phosphatase (EEP) superfamily of deadenylases. Current research on PDE12 mainly focuses on mitochondrial mRNA degradation, mitochondrial protein translation, and the related human diseases caused by mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation disruption. However, the biological role and molecular mechanisms of PDE12 in human cancers remains unclear.

PRIMA1 participates in the inhibition of inflammation and acetylcholinesterase activity in goose fatty liver formation.

Goose fatty liver, a product of short-term overfeeding, is notable for its high nutritional value and unique tolerance to severe steatosis without inflammation, in contrast to human nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). It is known that choline can alleviate nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and liver cirrhosis, inhibit cell apoptosis, promote lecithin synthesis and fat transportation out of the liver, and relieve cardiovascular disease-related symptoms (e.g.

Functional characterization of promiscuous 2-ODD enzymes sheds light on the molecular basis for flavone and flavonol biosynthesis in ferns.

Flavone synthase I (FNS I), flavanone 3-hydroxylase (F3H), and flavonol synthase (FLS) are essential enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of flavones and flavonols. Notably, while FNS I and F3H have been extensively studied in early land plants, FLS has predominantly been characterized in seed plants, and there is a lack of functional studies on FLS in ferns. This research identified four 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase (2ODD) enzymes from four fern species: Pteris vittata, Cibotium barometz, Dicksonia antarctica, and Platycerium bifurcatum.

Myeloid but not hepatocytic CD38 is a key driver for hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury.

Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (HIRI) is a critical condition that often occurs during liver transplantation and surgical liver resection. However, its mechanism has not been fully elucidated. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), functioning as a coenzyme or cofactor, is crucial for both redox and non-redox processes.

Adverse associations of pre-pregnancy exposure to PM and its components with fetal growth alleviated by residential greenness: a prospective cohort study.

Maternal exposure to fine particulate matter (PM) and residential greenness both influence fetal growth. No previous studies have examined their sex-specific and interaction effects. We aim to evaluate the sex-specific effects in these associations and exposure interactions.

Enhancing speech intelligibility in optical microphone systems through physics-informed data augmentation.

Laser doppler vibrometers (LDVs) facilitate noncontact speech acquisition; however, they are prone to material-dependent spectral distortions and speckle noise, which degrade intelligibility in noisy environments. This study proposes a data augmentation method that incorporates material-specific and impulse noises to simulate LDV-induced distortions. The proposed approach utilizes a gated convolutional neural network with HiFi-GAN to enhance speech intelligibility across various material and low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) conditions, achieving a short-time objective intelligibility score of 0.

Orbital Matching Mechanism-Guided Synthesis of Cu-Based Single Atom Alloys for Acidic CO Electroreduction.

Recent advancements in alloy catalysis have yield novel materials with tailored functionalities. Among these, Cu-based single-atom alloy (SAA) catalysts have attracted significant attention in catalytic applications for their unique electronic structure and geometric ensemble effects. However, selecting alloying atoms with robust dispersion stability on the Cu substrate is challenging, and has mostly been practiced empirically.

Leveraging Deep Learning to Enhance Optical Microphone System Performance with Unknown Speakers for Cochlear Implants.

Cochlear implants (CI) play a crucial role in restoring hearing for individuals with profound-to-severe hearing loss. However, challenges persist, particularly in low signal-to-noise ratios and distant talk scenarios. This study introduces an innovative solution by integrating a Laser Doppler vibrometer (LDV) with deep learning to reconstruct clean speech from unknown speakers in noisy conditions.

Long-term exposure to PM and its constituents and visual impairment in schoolchildren: A population-based survey in Guangdong province, China.

Background: Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM) has been linked to visual impairment. Nevertheless, evidence associating PM constituents with visual impairment in schoolchildren is sparse.

Objectives: To explore the effects of long-term exposure to PM and its constituents on visual impairment.

TOE1 deadenylase inhibits gastric cancer cell proliferation by regulating cell cycle progression.

TOE1, also known as hCaf1z, belongs to the DEDD superfamily of deadenylases and a newly identified isoenzyme of hCaf1 deadenylases. Previous research has demonstrated that TOE1 has deadenylase activity, which can catalyze the degradation of poly(A) substrates and interact with hCcr4d to form the unconventional human Ccr4-Caf1 deadenylase complex. Our recent research indicates that hCaf1a and hCaf1b isoenzymes, highly expressed in gastric cancer, promote gastric cancer cell proliferation and tumorigenicity via modulating cell cycle progression.

Circular RNA circ_0061183 regulates microglial polarization induced by airborne ultrafine particles in HMC3 cells via sponging miR-98-5p.

Airborne ultrafine particulate matter (PM) can enter the brain, induce microglia activation, and promote the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are also involved in AD pathogenesis. However, the role of AD-related circRNAs in PM-induced microglia activation remains unclear.

The emerging roles of particulate matter-changed non-coding RNAs in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease: A comprehensive in silico analysis and review.

Research on epigenetic‒environmental interactions in the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD) has accelerated rapidly in recent decades. Numerous studies have demonstrated the contribution of ambient particulate matter (PM) to the onset of AD. Emerging evidence indicates that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including long non-coding RNAs, circular RNAs, and microRNAs, play a role in the pathophysiology of AD.

The combined application of pulsed electromagnetic fields and platelet-rich plasma in the treatment of early-stage knee osteoarthritis: A randomized clinical trial.

Background: This study aims to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of combined treatment with pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injection in improving pain and functional mobility among patients with early-stage knee osteoarthritis (KOA). We hypothesize that this combined therapy can yield superior treatment outcomes.

Methods: Based on the different treatment regimens, we divided 48 patients diagnosed with Kellgren-Lawrence grades I-III KOA into 3 groups: the PRP group, the PEMFs group, and the PRP + PEMFs group.

CD38 deficiency prevents diabetic nephropathy by inhibiting lipid accumulation and oxidative stress through activation of the SIRT3 pathway.

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most common complications of diabetes. Our previous study showed that CD38 knockout (CD38KO) mice had protective effects on many diseases. However, the roles and mechanisms of CD38 in DN remain unknown.

Salivary metabolites are promising noninvasive biomarkers of drug-induced liver injury.

Background: Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is one of the most common adverse events of medication use, and its incidence is increasing. However, early detection of DILI is a crucial challenge due to a lack of biomarkers and noninvasive tests.

Aim: To identify salivary metabolic biomarkers of DILI for the future development of noninvasive diagnostic tools.

Reducing Overpotential of Lithium-Oxygen Batteries by Diatomic Metal Catalyst Orbital Matching Strategy.

Aprotic Li-O batteries have sparked attention in recent years due to their ultrahigh theoretical energy density. Nevertheless, their practical implementation is impeded by the sluggish reaction kinetics at the cathode. Comprehending the catalytic mechanisms is pivotal to developing efficient cathode catalysts for high-performance Li-O batteries.

Membrane to cortex attachment determines different mechanical phenotypes in LGR5+ and LGR5- colorectal cancer cells.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) tumors are composed of heterogeneous and plastic cell populations, including a pool of cancer stem cells that express LGR5. Whether these distinct cell populations display different mechanical properties, and how these properties might contribute to metastasis is poorly understood. Using CRC patient derived organoids (PDOs), we find that compared to LGR5- cells, LGR5+ cancer stem cells are stiffer, adhere better to the extracellular matrix (ECM), move slower both as single cells and clusters, display higher nuclear YAP, show a higher survival rate in response to mechanical confinement, and form larger transendothelial gaps.