ColorAssist: Perception-Based Recoloring for Color Vision Deficiency Compensation.

Image enhancement methods have been widely studied to improve the visual quality of diverse images, implicitly assuming that all human observers have normal vision. However, a large population around the world suffers from Color Vision Deficiency (CVD). Enhancing images to compensate for their perceptions remains a challenging issue.

Comparative plastome analysis reveals evolutionary dynamics and codon usage patterns in Bidens (Asteraceae).

Plastome evolution in species-rich angiosperm lineages remains poorly understood despite recent advances in phylogenomics, particularly regarding the mechanistic drivers of codon usage bias (CUB) and their relationship to adaptive evolution. The genus Bidens (Asteraceae), comprising approximately 280 species, represents a morphologically diverse lineage with significant medicinal and economic value. Here, we assembled the complete plastid genome (plastome) of Bidens alba and conducted comprehensive comparative analyses across 31 Bidens species, integrating structural characterization, simple sequence repeat (SSR) distribution, codon usage bias assessment, and selection pressure analysis through Ka/Ks ratios and phylogenomic reconstruction.

Impact of antidiabetic therapy on cognitive function in patients with type 2 diabetes and Alzheimer's disease: A comprehensive analysis.

BackgroundSeveral hypotheses suggest that type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD), and antidiabetic medications may influence cognitive function in these patients.ObjectiveThis study aims to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the impact of single and combination antidiabetic therapies on cognitive function in patients with both AD and T2DM.MethodsWe analyzed data from the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center (NACC), covering a 17-year period from June 2005 to August 2022.

Dual-Functional GeSe-Se Coselenization Enabling Synergistic Defect-Interface Engineering for High-Efficiency Electrodeposited Flexible CZTSe Solar Cells.

Flexible CuZnSnSe (CZTSe) solar cells hold great potential for low-cost green fabrication and portable applications, yet electrodeposited devices suffer from low efficiency (∼6% vs 12.84% for solution-processed ones), primarily due to defect-induced nonradiative recombination and carrier loss at back interfaces. Herein, a dual-functional GeSe-Se coselenization strategy is proposed to simultaneously achieve defect regulation and back-interface engineering.

Viscosity-responsive NIR AIE fluorescent probe for lysosome-targeted tumor imaging.

Lysosomal viscosity alterations are critical indicators in cancer progression, yet their precise visualization in vivo remains challenging. We report YL-134, a novel near-infrared (NIR) aggregation-induced emission (AIE) fluorescent probe for targeted lysosomal viscosity sensing and tumor imaging. YL-134, based on a D-π-a quinoline-malononitrile core, features a morpholine for lysosomal targeting (Pearson's r = 0.

Study on the astringent mechanism of .

(CF) is commonly used to make juice, porridge, and also as dietary supplements owing to anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. However, astringency affects the palatability and compliance. During taste masking, it is essential to identify astringent mechanism to balance masking needs and efficacy maintenance.

A near-infrared AIE probe targeting COX-2 for imaging of Cancer cells.

High expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in the inflammatory tumor microenvironment is a critical target for early cancer diagnosis. We designed and synthesized a series of near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent probes based on the aggregation-induced emission (AIE) mechanism for targeted COX-2 imaging. Leveraging a D-π-A quinoline-malononitrile core, we developed probes YL-180 (non-targeted control), YL-181 (celecoxib conjugate), and YL-186 (indomethacin conjugate).

A male-essential miRNA is key for avian sex chromosome dosage compensation.

Birds have a sex chromosome system in which females are heterogametic (ZW) and males are homogametic (ZZ). The differentiation of avian sex chromosomes from ancestral autosomes entails the loss of most genes from the W chromosome during evolution. However, the extent to which mechanisms evolved that counterbalance this substantial reduction in female gene dosage remains unclear.

Chitosan-based nanomaterials: Pioneering a review in veterinary medicine applications.

With the rapid development of nanotechnology, chitosan (CS)-based materials have attracted great attention in the field of veterinary medicine. CS, a natural biopolymer with a modifiable structure and abundant functional groups, is widely utilized in biomedicine, pharmaceuticals, and food applications due to its nontoxic, biocompatible, antibacterial, and biodegradable properties. In this paper, the research and application of CS-based materials in veterinary medicine field in recent years are analyzed and summarized.

Ischemia - Reperfusion injury: A roadmap to precision therapies.

Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is prevalent in the medical field and significantly limits the therapeutic outcomes of various ischemic diseases, adversely affecting patient prognosis. The pathogenesis of I/R injury is highly complex, involving intricate interactions among oxidative stress, inflammatory responses, mitochondrial dysfunction, and multiple cell death pathways. Once the mitochondrial respiratory chain is impaired, it triggers oxidative stress responses, leading to the excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS).

Development and multicenter validation of an AI driven model for quantitative meibomian gland evaluation.

This multicenter retrospective study developed and validated an AI driven model for automated segmentation and quantitative evaluation of meibomian glands using infrared meibography images acquired by the Keratograph 5M device. A total of 1350 infrared meibography images were collected and annotated for model training and validation. The model demonstrated high segmentation performance, with an Intersection over Union of 81.

Distribution of resources in the coastal waters of Qingdao and its relationship with environmental factors.

, with strong reproductive capacity and rapid growth, is an important nearshore fishing target in Qingdao. The distribution characteristics of resources in Qingdao and their influencing factors are largely unknown, which is detrimental to the protection and utilization of these resources. Based on the bottom trawl survey data of fishery resources carried out in the coastal waters of Qingdao during the summer and autumn seasons from 2018 to 2022, in combination with the data of environmental and spatial factors such as bottom seawater temperature, bottom seawater salinity, water depth, longitude and latitude, we analyzed the spatio-temporal variations of resources in this sea area, and the relationship between the distribution of resources and related factors using the random forest model.

AntiBMPNN: Structure-Guided Graph Neural Networks for Precision Antibody Engineering.

Antibodies are crucial for medical applications, yet traditional methods for designing sequences are inefficient. This study introduces AntiBMPNN, an advanced deep-learning framework that leverages an antibody-specific 3D dataset, a fine-tuned message-passing neural network (MPNN), a frequency-based scoring function, and AlphaFold 3 to achieve highly accurate antibody sequence design. AntiBMPNN surpasses ProteinMPNN with a perplexity of 1.

Neoantigen-Based Immunotherapy in Lung Cancer: Advances, Challenges and Prospects.

Lung cancer ranks among the most prevalent malignant tumors, characterized by delayed diagnosis, limited treatment efficacy, and generally poor prognosis. Consequently, there is an urgent demand for effective treatments. Neoantigen-based immunotherapy emerged as a promising strategy in lung cancer treatment as ideal targets for immunotherapy interventions.

Machine Learning Model for Predicting Sertraline-like Activities and Its Impact on Cancer Chemosensitization.

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) like sertraline are crucial in treating depression and anxiety disorders, and studies indicate their potential as chemosensitizers in cancer therapy. This research develops a machine-learning predictive model to identify novel compounds with sertraline-like antidepressant activity. We constructed and validated a customized machine-learning model to predict SSRI activity in new compounds.

DC-SIGN (CD209)-mediated interactions between bacteria, lung cancer tissues, and macrophages promote cancer metastasis.

One of the hallmarks of lung cancers is the earlier metastasis resulting from the dissemination of cancer cells. Although accumulating evidence suggests that bacterial infection may be involved in the development of the metastasis of lung cancer, few studies have explored the molecular mechanisms of bacterial infection in the dissemination of lung cancer cells. A series of studies have indicated that certain Gram-negative bacteria are able to hijack antigen-presenting cells (APCs) via interaction with DC-SIGN (CD209) receptors to facilitate the dissemination of pathogens, including viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites.

755 nm InP/GaAsP quantum dot laser with polarization-dependent emission from type-I and type-II band alignments.

InP/GaAsP quantum dot (QD) lasers with variable polarization are demonstrated through the tailoring of band alignment. Different band alignments of type-I and type-II are realized during QD growth with varied parameters. The energy shift of type-I structure is observed to be much lower than that of type-II.

Evolutionary dynamics of Tn916 in Streptococcus oralis: Fitness cost and persistent metabolic shifts post-acquisition.

Objectives: The acquisition and transfer of mobile genetic elements (MGEs) are major drivers of antibiotic resistance in bacterial populations. Despite the fitness cost associated with the acquisition of MGEs, the mechanisms underlying their persistence remain poorly understood. This study investigates the evolutionary dynamics of the integrative conjugative element (ICE) Tn916 in a naïve Streptococcus oralis host, focusing on growth rates and metabolic activity.

Specific distinguishing between miRNA and pre-miRNA by blocker displacement SMOS-qPCR.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play crucial roles in various biological processes, and their dysregulation is associated with numerous diseases. Accurate quantification of mature miRNAs is essential for their use as biomarkers. However, distinguishing between mature miRNAs and pre-miRNAs remains challenging.

Reproducibility and accuracy of corneal curvature measurements in patients with and without dry eye: a device-based study.

Purpose: To evaluate the reproducibility and accuracy of corneal curvature measurements using five different devices in patients with and without dry eye, and to identify the most reliable device for clinical use in dry eye patients.

Methods: This study included 68 eyes from dry eye patients (dry eye group) and 48 eyes from non- dry eye patients (non- dry eye group). Corneal curvature was measured with five devices: Corneal topography, ARK-1a, IOL Master 700, OPD-Scan III, Pentacam.

Novel Resolvin D1-Loaded Biologics as an Advanced Approach for Inflammation Control and Tissue Regeneration: Preparation and Characterization.

Constant inflammation can be a detrimental response in bone regeneration. To regulate of the inflammatory response and synchronically promote rapid tissue regeneration is a vital clinical challenge. The urinary bladder matrix (UBM) and small intestinal submucosa (SIS) composite are commonly used extracellular matrix (ECM) materials.

Dual-modal biosensor based on proton-modulated mechanism integrated nanozyme for acetylcholinesterase analysis.

Background: Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) not only serves as an important biomarker for nervous system diseases, but also facilitates the discovery of related drugs. Therefore, the sensitive and accurate detection of AChE is of great significance for the diagnosis of relevant diseases and drug screening. Moreover, despite the great leaps in nanozyme-based sensing technology, it is still one of the challenges in the biomimetic field to design felicitous approaches to realize in-situ modulation of nanozyme activity.

Mapping and gene cloning of a wheat mutant with dwarf and compacted spikes.

Plant height and spikelet density are two important traits for wheat ( L.) yield. The development of wheat mutants not only provides new genetic resources for wheat improvement but also facilitates our understanding of the molecular regulation of these traits.

Spatio-temporal variations in functional redundancy of fish communities in the Haizhou Bay and its adjacent waters.

To explore the functional redundancy and better understand the stability of fish community in the Haizhou Bay and its adjacent waters, we examined the temporal and spatial variations in functional redundancy of fish community and the influencing factors using functional redundancy index (FR) and correlation analysis based on fish resource survey data in spring and autumn from 2013 to 2023. The results showed that the average value of FR was 9.39 in autumn and was 8.