Isovitexin accelerates diabetic wound repair via coordinated angiogenesis and collagen remodeling: Mechanistic insights from cellular and streptozotocin-induced SD rat models.

Chronic diabetic wounds pose significant clinical challenges due to persistent inflammation, vascular insufficiency, and impaired tissue remodeling, leading to poor healing outcomes. The PI3K/Akt/eNOS signaling pathway is critical for regulating angiogenesis, apoptosis, and extracellular matrix organization-key processes disrupted in diabetic wounds. Isovitexin, a natural flavonoid from plants like passionflower and Cannabis, exhibits well-documented antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.

Imaging characteristics of renal epithelioid angiomyolipoma and its correlation with risk stratification.

Renal epithelioid angiomyolipoma (EAML) is frequently misdiagnosed due to nonspecific imaging findings. This study aimed to explore the radiographic characteristics of EAML, with the goal of enhancing the accuracy of preoperative diagnoses. A total of 27 patients with histopathologically confirmed renal EAML were included in the study.

β-arrestin2 depletion attenuates autoimmune hepatitis in mice via preventing intestinal barrier disruption and inhibiting ERS mediated intestinal epithelial cells apoptosis.

Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a progressive immune-mediated inflammatory liver disease. Recent studies have highlighted the association between intestinal barrier dysfunction and chronic liver diseases, but the specific role of intestinal barrier dysfunction in AIH remains unclear and needs to be elucidated. β-arrestin2, a multifunctional scaffolding protein, has been reported to be involved in various hepatic disorders, such as acute liver injury and liver fibrosis.

[Retrospective Analysis of Venetoclax Combined with Azacitidine Compared with "3+7" or Similar Regimens for Newly Diagnosed Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia].

Objective: To retrospectively analyze the clinical data of newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients treated with venetoclax combined with azacitidine (Ven/Aza) or standard "3+7" regimen and similar regimens, collect real-world study data, compare the treatment response and adverse events between the two regimens, as well as perform survival analysis.

Methods: To retrospectively analyze the efficacy, survival, and adverse reactions of newly diagnosed AML patients treated with Ven/Aza (24 cases) and "3+7" regimens (117 cases ) in our hospital from September 2009 to March 2023, as well as factors influencing outcomes. A propensity score matching (PSM) was performed on age and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG PS) to obtain a 1:1 matched cohort of 20 pairs, and the efficacy and survival before and after the matching were compared.

Advances and challenges in neoantigen prediction for cancer immunotherapy.

Neoantigens, derived from tumor-specific mutations, are promising targets of cancer immunotherapy by eliciting tumor-specific T-cell responses while sparing normal cells. Accurate neoantigen prediction relies on immunogenomics and immunopeptidomics. Immunogenomics identifies tumor-specific mutations via next-generation sequencing.

Breaking down physical barriers: strategies to improve lymphocyte infiltration for effective neoantigen-based therapies.

The cancer genomic instability drives the generation of neoantigens, making them ideal targets for immunotherapy. Neoantigen-specific tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes achieve precise tumor cell killing by recognizing neoantigens on the tumor surface, but their efficacy is limited by complex physical barriers within the tumor microenvironment. These barriers not only directly impede TIL migration and infiltration but also synergize with immunosuppressive signals to weaken antitumor immune responses.

Neoantigen-Based Immunotherapy in Lung Cancer: Advances, Challenges and Prospects.

Lung cancer ranks among the most prevalent malignant tumors, characterized by delayed diagnosis, limited treatment efficacy, and generally poor prognosis. Consequently, there is an urgent demand for effective treatments. Neoantigen-based immunotherapy emerged as a promising strategy in lung cancer treatment as ideal targets for immunotherapy interventions.

Sestrin2 alleviates cognitive impairment via inhibiting hippocampus ferroptosis in cigarette smoke-induced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Cognitive dysfunction is an essential comorbidity that contributing to the whole disease process of the individual of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), yet its specific mechanism remains controversial due to a lack of cellular and molecular evidence. Our clinical data revealed a significant reduction in total hippocampal volume in patients with COPD, with the CA1 subfield notably smaller and associated with lung function. Long-term CS exposure caused hippocampus impairment, leading to spatial and working memory impairments in COPD model mice.

Global, regional, and national burden of inflammatory bowel disease in persons aged 60-89 years from 1992 to 2021.

Background: The global burden of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is increasing, but detailed data on older adults remain scarce.

Objective: This study describes trends in incidence, prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of IBD among individuals aged 60-89 years from 1992 to 2021 at global, regional, and national levels, and forecasts the epidemiological status for 2030.

Methods: We used the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) database, covering 204 countries and territories.

Deficiency of β-arrestin2 ameliorates MASLD in mice by promoting the activation of TAK1/AMPK signaling.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a liver manifestation of metabolic syndrome characterized by excessive hepatic lipid accumulation and lipid metabolism disorders. It has become the most common chronic liver disease worldwide. β-arrestin2 is a multifunctional scaffold protein that is among the most important regulatory molecules, and it exerts key roles in regulating various cellular processes, such as immune response, cellular collagen production, and inflammation.

[The Clinical Characteristics and Prognosis of Patients with Light-Chain Amyloidosis: A Retrospective Analysis].

Objective: To retrospectively analyze the clinical characteristics, prognosis and prognostic factors of patients with light-chain (AL) amyloidosis, so as to provide reference for the diagnosis and treatment of AL amyloidosis.

Methods: Clinical data of 52 patients diagnosed with AL amyloidosis at two hospitals from January 2017 to November 2022 were collected. The clinical characteristics, differences in clinical indexes between the deceased group and the survival group were analyzed.

Distinct Trajectories of Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy in Lymphoma Survivors Treated With R-CHOP.

Objectives: To explore the trajectories of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) in lymphoma survivors and assess subdomains of CIPN in this population.

Sample & Setting: 80 newly diagnosed lymphoma survivors treated with R-CHOP were enrolled.

Methods & Variables: CIPN was assessed before chemotherapy (T1), after the first chemotherapy cycle (T2), after the fourth chemotherapy cycle (T3), after the completion of chemotherapy (T4), and 10 weeks post-treatment (T5).

Microplastics exacerbate ferroptosis via mitochondrial reactive oxygen species-mediated autophagy in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Microplastics (MPs) induce mitochondrial dysfunction and iron accumulation, contributing to mitochondrial macroautophagy/autophagy and ferroptosis, which has increased susceptibility to the exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD); however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. We demonstrated that MPs intensified inflammation in COPD by enhancing autophagy-dependent ferroptosis (ADF) in vitro and in vivo. In the lung tissues of patients with COPD, the concentrations of MPs, especially polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs), were significantly higher than that of the control group, as detected by pyrolysis gas chromatography mass spectrometry (Py-GCMS), with increased iron accumulation.

ADAR1-HNRNPL-Mediated CircCANX Decline Promotes Autophagy in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a characteristic chronic airway inflammatory disease that worsens over time, however, there are currently limited clinical therapeutics to suspend its progression. Circular RNAs (circRNAs), which have emerged as functional regulators in various diseases, including COPD, may server as new pharmacological targets in COPD. Here, it is identified a nuclear circRNA, circCANX, that is preferentially decreased in COPD.

Changes in the Disease Burden of Depressive Disorders Among Middle-Aged and Older Adults (Aged 45-89) in China Over 30 years: Insights From the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

Objectives: In China, depressive disorder (DD) among middle-aged and older adults is a significant public health concern. This research utilized the latest Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) database to evaluate the evolving disease burden of DD in this demographic over the past 3 decades.

Methods: Data on the incidence and disability-adjusted life years (DALY) of DD among people aged 45-89 in China between 1992 and 2021 were collected from the GBD 2021.

Evolution of physician resources in China (2003-2021): quantity, quality, structure, and geographic distribution.

Introduction: Physicians are an indispensable part of the healthcare system, crucial for maintaining public health. Since the issues in market-oriented healthcare reform emerged in 2003, China has implemented a series of healthcare system reforms to improve the equitable distribution of medical resources. The impact of these reform measures on the physician workforce has yet to be systematically assessed.

SOX2 control activation of dormant prostate cancer cells in bone metastases by promoting CCNE2 gene expression.

Background: Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have a powerful tumor initiation ability, which can promote the early dissemination of single disseminated tumor cells (DTCs), leading to tumor progression. SOX2, a pluripotent inducible transcription factor, is key to maintaining self-renewal and pluripotency of prostate cancer stem cells. However, there is a lack of comprehensive understanding of how SOX2 regulates DTCs dormancy and proliferation in the bone marrow microenvironment.

Enhancement of gel characteristics of curdlan thermo-irreversible gels by β-cyclodextrin and its possible mechanisms.

In this study, the influences of various concentrations of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) on the gelation properties of curdlan thermo-irreversible gels were evaluated. The results revealed that water-holding capacity and freeze-thaw stability of the curdlan/β-CD complex gels initially increased but then decreased with increasing β-CD concentration, with the curdlan gel containing 1 % (w/v) β-CD demonstrating the best performance. Moreover, textural characteristics including hardness, gumminess, cohesiveness, and chewiness exhibited similar trends, but springiness showed minor effect.

Fluoxetine treatment reverses chronic stress-induced promotion on Fk506-binding protein 5 expression and multiple effects on glucocorticoid receptor phosphorylation in the paraventricular nucleus of mice.

Background: Fluoxetine is widely used as a first-line antidepressant. However, the molecular mechanisms for its antidepressant effects are still not fully understood. Hyperactivation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is a core pathogenic mechanism contributing to depression, and fluoxetine treatment prevents this dysfunction.

1,8-Cineole alleviates Nrf2-mediated redox imbalance and mitochondrial dysfunction in diabetes mellitus by targeting Sirt1.

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is primarily attributed to impaired insulin secretion caused by β cell dysfunction. 1,8-Cineole is a key bioactive compound in the essential oil extracted from Fructus Alpiniae Zerumbet, which possesses anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Nevertheless, it remains elusive about the protective effect and precise mechanisms of 1,8-Cineole against the β cell deterioration in T2DM.

Insight into the regulatory mechanism of β-arrestin2 and its emerging role in diseases.

β-arrestin2, a member of the arrestin family, mediates the desensitization and internalization of most G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and functions as a scaffold protein in signalling pathways. Previous studies have demonstrated that β-arrestin2 expression is dysregulated in malignant tumours, fibrotic diseases, cardiovascular diseases and metabolic diseases, suggesting its pathological roles. Transcription and post-transcriptional modifications can affect the expression of β-arrestin2.