Efficacy and safety of efgartigimod versus intravenous immunoglobulin in early intervention of acetylcholine receptor antibody-positive impending myasthenic crisis: A retrospective cohort study.

Early intervention in impending myasthenic crisis (IMC) is critical to avert life-threatening progression. This study compared the clinical effectiveness and safety of the novel FcRn antagonist efgartigimod versus intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) in IMC management. In this retrospective cohort study, we analyzed 51 acetylcholine receptor antibody-positive (AChR-Ab+) IMC patients who received either efgartigimod (n ​= ​30) or IVIg (n ​= ​21) from June 2023 to November 2024.

Spin Frustration and Unconventional Surface Spin Canting State in Van der Waals Ferromagnet/Antiferromagnet Heterostructures.

Atomically flat surfaces of van der Waals (vdW) materials pave an avenue for addressing a long-standing fundamental issue of how a compensated antiferromagnet (AFM) surface frustrates a ferromagnetic (FM) overlayer in FM/AFM heterostructures. We investigate FeGeTe/NiPS vdW heterostructures by characterizing AFM and FM spins separately. We find that in-plane zig-zag AFM NiPS develops three equivalent AFM domains, which are robust against external magnetic field and magnetic coupling with FeGeTe.

Spin-filter tunneling detection of antiferromagnetic resonance with electrically tunable damping.

Antiferromagnetic spintronics offers the potential for higher-frequency operations and improved insensitivity to magnetic fields compared to ferromagnetic spintronics. However, previous electrical techniques to detect antiferromagnetic dynamics have utilized large, millimeter-scale bulk crystals. In this work, we demonstrate direct electrical detection of antiferromagnetic resonance in structures on the few-micrometer scale using spin-filter tunneling in platinum ditelluride (PtTe)/bilayer chromium sulfide bromide (CrSBr)/graphite junctions in which the tunnel barrier is the van der Waals antiferromagnet CrSBr.

CoHMGR2 as a Critical Regulator of Squalene Biosynthesis Key Period in Camellia oleifera Seed Kernels.

Squalene is an extremely valuable medicinal substance. In addition to being valued for its high content of unsaturated fatty acids, Camellia oleifera is also highly regarded for its rich squalene content in the seed kernels. Comparing the squalene contents within Camellia species, it was found that the content in the seed oil of C.

Pulsed Electrolysis Promotes CO Reduction on Tin Oxide Catalyst.

The performance of electrochemical CO reduction reaction (CORR) is determined by multiple factors, including the optimization of catalysts and electrolyser, along with the electrolysis technique. Recently, pulsed electrolysis has been found to tailor the selectivity and prolong the stability of CORR on a variety of catalysts, with the most focus on Cu-based materials. The investigation of pulsed electrolysis on Sn-based materials remains at early stage.

Highly Tunable Relaxors Developed from Antiferroelectrics.

Highly responsive, voltage-tunable dielectrics are essential for microwave-telecommunication electronics. Ferroelectric/relaxor materials have been leading candidates for such functionality and have exhibited agile dielectric responses. Here, it is demonstrated that relaxor materials developed from antiferroelectrics can achieve both ultrahigh dielectric response and tunability.

VPS9D1-AS1 antisense therapy via lipid nanoparticles reprograms cold tumors and enhances immunotherapy in colorectal cancer.

Advanced colorectal cancer (CRC) is characterized by a highly suppressive immune tumor microenvironment (TME) and is insensitive to immunotherapy. The induction of cancer immunogenic cell death (ICD) has been acknowledged as a promising immunotherapeutic strategy. Here, we demonstrate that the long noncoding RNA VPS9D1-AS1 is expressed predominantly in consensus molecular subtype (CMS)-2 CRC, and that its overexpression is associated with immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) sensitivity.

Room-temperature multiferroicity in sliding van der Waals semiconductors with sub-0.3 V switching.

The search for van der Waals (vdW) multiferroic materials has been challenging but also holds great potential for the next-generation multifunctional nanoelectronics. The group-IV monochalcogenide, with an anisotropic puckered structure and an intrinsic in-plane polarization at room temperature, manifests itself as a promising candidate with coupled ferroelectric and ferroelastic order as the basis for multiferroic behavior. Unlike the intrinsic centrosymmetric AB stacking, we demonstrate a multiferroic phase of tin selenide (SnSe), where the inversion symmetry breaking is maintained in AA-stacked multilayers over a wide range of thicknesses.

Efficacy and Safety of Efgartigimod for Patients With Myasthenia Gravis in a Real-World Cohort of 77 Patients.

Aims: Efgartigimod, a first-in-class neonatal Fc receptor antagonist, is approved for generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG). Its safety and efficacy across MG subtypes remain unclear.

Methods: This single-center real-world study (September 2023-July 2024) analyzed patients from an MG registry study in China.

Distinct inflammatory patterns and nasal bacterial dysbiosis in uncontrolled chronic rhinosinusitis.

Objective: The concept of disease control is increasingly gaining importance in the long-term management of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). Eosinophilic inflammation has been identified as a high-risk factor for uncontrolled CRS. Although evidence suggests that dysbacteriosis is involved in the pathogenesis of eosinophilic CRS, its association with disease control has not been explored.

Development and validation of a Nomogram to predict postoperative flap necrosis risk in breast cancer patients undergoing modified radical mastectomy.

Background: Flap necrosis is a critical complication following modified radical mastectomy (MRM) for breast cancer (BC). It not only impairs wound healing but also delays postoperative treatment, adversely affecting patient survival rate and the overall quality of life. Thus, developing an accurate prediction model is crucial for early intervention and improving patient prognosis.

Low-Field Regime of Magnon Transport in PLD-Grown YIG Films.

The diffusive propagation of magnons in the archetypal magnetic insulator yttrium iron garnet (YIG) is being actively explored for low-power and low-loss data communication. However, operation under external magnetic fields reduces the magnon diffusion length and attenuates the voltage amplitude at measurement terminals of magnonic devices. Here, we explore the low-field and field-free regime of diffusive magnon transport in YIG films, demonstrating that the field-induced suppression of magnon diffusion length can be fully inhibited only at the zero-field limit.

Small extracellular vesicles from adipose derived stem cells alleviate microglia activation and improve motor deficit of Parkinson's disease via miR-100-5p/DTX3L/STAT1 signaling axis.

Dopaminergic neuron loss caused by microglia activation is an important pathological factor of Parkinson's disease (PD). Previously, we reported that small extracellular vesicle from adipose derived stem cells (ADSC-sEVs) could inhibit the activation of microglia and protect neuron apoptosis from microglia activation. However, whether ADSC-sEVs have protective effect on the motor deficit of PD mouse and the exact mechanism remains unknown.

Crystallographic Spin Torque Conductivity Tensor of Epitaxial IrO Thin Films for Oxide Spintronics.

Unconventional spin-orbit torques arising from electric-field-generated spin currents in anisotropic materials have promising potential for spintronic applications, including for perpendicular magnetic switching in high-density memory applications. Here, all the independent elements of the spin torque conductivity tensor allowed by bulk crystal symmetries for the tetragonal conductor IrO are determined via measurements of conventional (in-plane) anti-damping torques for IrO thin films in the high-symmetry (001) and (100) orientations. It is then tested whether rotational transformations of this same tensor can predict both the conventional and unconventional anti-damping torques for IrO thin films in the lower-symmetry (101), (110), and (111) orientations, finding good agreement.

Rare constituents of the nasal microbiome contribute to the acute exacerbation of chronic rhinosinusitis.

Background: Dysbiosis of the nasal microbiome is considered to be related to the acute exacerbation of chronic rhinosinusitis (AECRS). The microbiota in the nasal cavity of AECRS patients and its association with disease severity has rarely been studied. This study aimed to characterize nasal dysbiosis in a prospective cohort of patients with AECRS.

Highly Responsive Polar Vortices in All-Ferroelectric Heterostructures.

The discovery of polar vortices and skyrmions in ferroelectric-dielectric superlattices [such as (PbTiO)/(SrTiO)] has ushered in an era of novel dipolar topologies and corresponding emergent phenomena. The key to creating such emergent features has generally been considered to be related to counterpoising strongly polar and non-polar materials thus creating the appropriate boundary conditions. This limits the utility these materials can have, however, by rendering (effectively) half of the structure unresponsive to applied stimuli.

Evaluating the features of breast lesions identified by bimodal breast examination: a real-world study.

Background: Several image-based diagnostic methods have been developed to examine the features of breast lesions among women, while the value of combining palpation imaging and ultrasound by a bimodal breast examination system is still unknown.

Methods: A real-world study was conducted among 424 patients who visited Fujian Maternal and Child Health Hospital and Fujian Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, and used the Bimodal Breast Exam (BBE) systems which combines palpation imaging and ultrasound imaging. Among them, 97 patients had additional ultrasound, mammogram, or pathological examination.

Development and validation of a prediction model for hypoproteinemia after traumatic spinal cord injury: A multicenter retrospective clinical study.

A multicenter retrospective analysis of conventionally collected data. To identify the potential causes of hypoproteinemia after traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) and provide a diagnostic model for predicting an individual likelihood of developing hypoproteinemia. Hypoproteinemia is a complication of spinal cord injury (SCI), an independent risk factor for respiratory failure in elderly patients with SCI, and a predictor of outcomes in patients with cervical SCI.

Efficacy and safety of tocilizumab in patients with refractory generalized myasthenia gravis.

Background: We aimed to compare the efficacy of tocilizumab with conventional immunotherapy in refractory patients with acetylcholine receptor antibody-positive (AChR-Ab+) generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG).

Methods: This single-center prospective cohort study was based on patients from an MG registry study in China and conducted from February 10, 2021 to March 31, 2022. Adult refractory patients with AChR-Ab+ gMG were assigned to tocilizumab or conventional immunotherapy groups.

Clamping enables enhanced electromechanical responses in antiferroelectric thin films.

Thin-film materials with large electromechanical responses are fundamental enablers of next-generation micro-/nano-electromechanical applications. Conventional electromechanical materials (for example, ferroelectrics and relaxors), however, exhibit severely degraded responses when scaled down to submicrometre-thick films due to substrate constraints (clamping). This limitation is overcome, and substantial electromechanical responses in antiferroelectric thin films are achieved through an unconventional coupling of the field-induced antiferroelectric-to-ferroelectric phase transition and the substrate constraints.

Spin disorder control of topological spin texture.

Stabilization of topological spin textures in layered magnets has the potential to drive the development of advanced low-dimensional spintronics devices. However, achieving reliable and flexible manipulation of the topological spin textures beyond skyrmion in a two-dimensional magnet system remains challenging. Here, we demonstrate the introduction of magnetic iron atoms between the van der Waals gap of a layered magnet, FeGaTe, to modify local anisotropic magnetic interactions.

Manipulating chiral spin transport with ferroelectric polarization.

A magnon is a collective excitation of the spin structure in a magnetic insulator and can transmit spin angular momentum with negligible dissipation. This quantum of a spin wave has always been manipulated through magnetic dipoles (that is, by breaking time-reversal symmetry). Here we report the experimental observation of chiral spin transport in multiferroic BiFeO and its control by reversing the ferroelectric polarization (that is, by breaking spatial inversion symmetry).