Exercise ameliorates hepatic lipid accumulation via upregulating serum PRL and activating hepatic PRLR-mediated JAK2/STAT5 signaling pathway in NAFLD mice.

Objective: Non alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common chronic liver diseases, closely related to overnutrition, obesity, and metabolic syndrome. This study used exercise intervention on NAFLD mice to investigate the effect of aerobic exercise on NAFLD.

Method: After one week of acclimatization, the mice were randomly divided into two groups: a control group (C group, n = 14) fed a standard diet and a model group (M group, n = 24) fed a high-fat diet.

Visible-Light-Driven C-3 Selenocyanation of Indoles with Elemental Selenium and TMSCN.

We develop a photocatalyst-free, visible-light-driven three-component reaction of indole, elemental selenium, and TMSCN in air at room temperature to synthesize indole 3-selenocyanoates. This protocol features eco-friendly, photocatalyst-free, elemental selenium, and TMSCN serves as the source of "SeCN". Notably, the gram-scale reaction and product derivatizations demonstrated the practicality and effectiveness of this synergistic protocol.

SUSD2 hypersialylation promotes early lung adenocarcinoma progression by driving ECM remodeling and pro-tumorigenic fibroblast activation.

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play a crucial role in promoting the invasion and metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). The mechanism by which CAFs promote this process remains unclear. We employed glycoproteomics to investigate the dynamic changes in glycosylation between normal and early-stage LUAD tissues, and explore the roles of related glycoproteins and site-specific polysaccharides through in vitro and in vivo experiments.

Optimizing Aortic Arch Stent-Graft Performance Through Material Science: An Exploratory Study.

Thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) for cardiovascular diseases often encounters complications that are closely linked to the mechanical properties of stent-grafts. Both the design and material properties influence device performance, but the specific impacts of material properties remain underexplored and poorly understood. This study aims to fill this gap by systematically investigating how material science can modulate stent-graft mechanics.

Therapeutic mitochondrial transfer via mesenchymal stem cell-derived microvesicles for macrophage modulation in myocardial infarction complicated by diabetes.

Diabetes is closely associated with the onset and prognosis of myocardial infarction (MI). However, current treatment strategies primarily focus on addressing MI, often neglecting the detrimental effects of hyperglycemia, a hallmark of diabetes. Hyperglycemia disrupts the crucial transition of macrophages from the M1 to M2 phenotype, thereby exacerbating MI-induced tissue damage and impeding myocardial repair.

Pressure-Modulated Quantum Melting of Spin Order in the Kondo Lattice MnTaS.

Controlling and understanding the quantum phase transitions (QPTs) of the magnetically ordered phases of strongly correlated systems, such as heavy-Fermion materials, cuprate superconductors, is essential for uncovering the new physical phenomena in condensed matter physics. This study reports the observation of pressure-modulated magnetic QPTs (MQPTs) and heavy-Fermion-like behavior in a manually constructed Kondo lattice─MnTaS. At low temperatures, pressure application induces quantum melting of magnetic order within the helical magnetic configuration of MnTaS.

Warming-induced unstable microbial community metabolically lowers straw-carbon sequestration in paddy soils.

Introduction: Growing academic attention has been given to the crucial role of soil microorganisms in the net loss of soil organic carbon (SOC) under climate warming and the effectiveness of straw-C sequestration to replenish the SOC stock. However, the lack of empirical investigations in anaerobic paddy soils hinders accurate estimation of the global soil C-climate feedback and development of countermeasures.

Objectives: This study aimed to unravel the impact of warming on the complexity of the microbial community network of the paddy soil in response to warming, and correspondent changes of microbial metabolic functions relevant to the transformation of straw-C in SOC pools.

Functional remodeling of tissue-resident macrophages leads to distinct immune microenvironment evolution and clinical manifestations in lung adenocarcinoma.

Given the indispensable role in extracellular matrix remodeling and immunosuppressive microenvironment formation, the importance of tissue-resident macrophages (TRM) in the occurrence of early-stage cancer has been constantly mentioned. And it is noteworthy that the widespread application of low-dose CT (LDCT) has resulted in a marked increase in the proportion of early-stage patients for lung cancer in recent years, including plenty adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) patients with ground-glass nodule (GGN) feature on imaging. The group of GGN-like AIS (AIS with ground-glass nodule feature) patients have gradually become a clinical challenge for thoracic surgeons, as surgically removed considered justified only when there is evident malignant progression risk.

Highly Efficient Circularly Polarized Phosphorescence from Isolated Molecules Through Intermolecular Interactions.

Organic room-temperature phosphorescence with circularly polarization feature attracts considerable attentions owing to its unique exciton and photon properties. However, achieving high-efficiency circularly polarized phosphorescence (CPP) under ambient conditions remains a major challenge. Herein, we report a series of CPP films by doping heterocyclic molecules with a chiral propionic acid group into polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrix, achieving a maximum phosphorescence efficiency of 68.

Rattling-Induced Ultralow Thermal Conductivity in Black Phosphorus Through Organic-Molecule Intercalation.

Layered materials have attracted significant interest in the thermoelectric community due to their unique anisotropic crystal structures and exceptional planar electrical conductivity. However, their high intralayer lattice thermal conductivity presents an obstacle for thermoelectric applications. This work proposes a rattling-scatter strategy to reduce intralayer lattice thermal conductivity through the intercalation of organic molecules, as demonstrated with ethylenediamine (EDA) intercalated into black phosphorus (BP).

PIN1 serves as a prognostic and therapeutic biomarker in lung adenocarcinoma.

Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, with limited response rates and resistance to targeted therapies and immunotherapies. Pin1, a phosphorylation-specific peptidyl-prolyl isomerase, has been implicated in multiple oncogenic pathways; however, its role in LUAD is not fully understood. We conducted an integrative analysis using public datasets (TCGA, GEO, HPA), LUAD tissue microarrays, malignant pulmonary nodule specimens, and cell line models to investigate the expression and function of PIN1 in LUAD.

Microbial C/N metabolic capabilities contribute to the fate of crop residue N in plant-soil-microbe continuum over multiple seasons.

The mineralization of crop residue-nitrogen (N) is important for sustainable N supply to subsequent crops. However, the microbial mechanisms regarding residue-N mineralization over growth seasons are still unclear. We amended N-labelled maize and soybean residues to a Mollisol soil and found that, after three growth seasons, soybean plants utilized 43% and 37% of soybean and maize residue-N, respectively.

Diamane Facilitated the Stability of Sodium Metal Anodes.

Sodium metal anodes hold great promise for next-generation batteries due to their high theoretical capacity and low working potential, yet notorious Na dendrites impose tremendous safety concerns. Here, diamane (two-dimensional diamond) nanoflakes modulating the polypropylene (PP) separator are implemented to address this issue. The diamane physically exfoliated from commercially available diamond exhibits its superiority in suppressing the Na dendrites formation by stable sp carbon surface.

Inhibition and Rescue of Hyperglycemia-Induced Cellular Senescence by Mitochondrial Transfer from Enucleated Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Microvesicles for Chronic Wound Healing.

The aberrant cellular senescence in chronic wounds presents a significant barrier to healing. Mitochondrial dysfunction is critical in initiating and maintaining cellular senescence, underscoring therapeutic potential in restoring mitochondrial function by delivering healthy mitochondria to wound cells. However, approaches for delivering mitochondria to achieve optimized wound repair remain lacking.

Integrating single-cell sequencing and transcriptome analysis to unravel the mechanistic role of sialylation-related genes in sepsis-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Background: Studies have shown that sialylation of C1 esterase inhibitors is crucial for their interaction with histones, and histone-C1 esterase inhibitor complexes are detected in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), suggesting a potential role of sialylation in ARDS. However, the specific function of sialylation in ARDS remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the mechanism of sialylation-related genes (SRGs) in sepsis-induced ARDS.

The Prospective, Multiple Center Study of a Novel Embedded Modular Single-Branched Stent-Graft for Type B Aortic Dissection Involving the Left Subclavian Artery.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the midterm outcomes of a novel embedded modular single-branched stent-graft (EMSBSG) designed to preserve the left subclavian artery (LSA) of type B aortic dissection (TBAD).

Methods: From December 2020 to November 2021, a total of 120 patients with TBAD treated with an EMSBSG were enrolled in a multicenter prospective clinical trial at 18 Chinese tertiary hospitals. Follow-up computed tomography angiography scanning was conducted at 1, 6, and 12 months postprocedure.

Glycated hemoglobin levels and abdominal aortic aneurysm incidence in primary prevention populations.

Objective: Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a life-threatening condition characterized by the pathological dilation of the abdominal aorta. Diabetes mellitus is a well-established risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, yet its relationship with AAA remains debated. We aimed to identify longitudinal associations between glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level and the risk of AAA development.

Cellulose/Aminated Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube Nanocomposite Aerogels for Oil Adsorption.

At present, the oil extraction and chemical industry and other industries produce a large amount of oily wastewater and organic sewage, and the world is suffering from oil spills and organic wastewater pollution. As a porous material, aerogels are promising in the field of oil adsorption. In this work, the nanocellulose/aminated multi-walled carbon nanotube (NC-MWCNT-NH) nanocomposite aerogel with a high porosity of up to 97.

Resveratrol-mediated NRF2/HO-1 signaling pathway to improve postoperative cognitive dysfunction in elderly rats.

To investigate the effects of resveratrol (RES) on cognitive function and its modulation of the NRF2/HO-1 signaling pathway in a rodent model of postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD). A POCD model was established in aged Sprague-Dawley rats using sevoflurane anesthesia and laparotomy. Rats were divided into four groups: control, POCD, RES, and POCD + RES.

Mesoporous polydopamine nanoparticles coated with metal-polyphenol networks for demethylation therapy of lung cancer.

The treatment of lung cancer with azacitidine (AZA) is urgently in need of a novel delivery material due to its limitations, including a short half-life, high cytotoxicity, and poor tumor targeting. To overcome these limitations, the coordination of Gallic acid-catechin-gallate with Fe and its encapsulation on the surface of mPDA loaded with AZA (mA@EF) was prepared. mA@EF exhibited a uniform distribution of regular spherical particles with good stability and drug release properties.

Gut microbiota community and metabolic profiles in direct total cavopulmonary connection and Fontan circulation: a cross-sectional study in the single center.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of the direct total cavopulmonary connection (dTCPC) procedure on the gut microbiome and metabolome. It also sought to elucidate the features of the gut microbiota community and metabolic profiles in Fontan circulation.

Methods: We randomly recruited 45 participants above 14 years old undergoing Fontan procedure by typical extracardiac conduit (TCPC group,  = 15), direct total cavopulmonary connection (dTCPC group,  = 16) procedure and healthy control (control group,  = 14) in our institution between May 2023 and October 2023.

Multiomics approach reveals the comprehensive interactions between nutrition and children's gut microbiota, and microbial and host metabolomes.

The gut microbiome can modulate nutrient metabolism to produce many metabolites interacting with the host. However, the intricate interactions among dietary intake, the gut microbiome and metabolites, and host metabolites need to be further explored although some studies have been devoted to it. Here, in a cross-sectional studies, 88 children aged 2-12 years were enrolled from northwestern China.