Integrating CO electroreduction with phenol hydrogenation on an oxygen-affinity tailored catalyst.

Electrocatalytic CO reduction (ECR) to formic acid faces challenges in separating and purifying a formate-electrolyte mixture. In situ utilization of this mixture presents a promising yet underexplored solution. Here, we report the synthesis of BiPdTe nanocrystals (NCs) via a microwave-assisted cation topological exchange approach, enabling the precise tuning of surface oxygen affinities to simultaneously optimize the ECR and catalytic transfer hydrogenation (CTH) of phenol.

Tunnel-structured IrO unlocks catalytic efficiency in proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers.

Proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers face challenges due to high iridium loading and sluggish oxygen evolution reaction kinetics when using conventional rutile-structured iridium oxide nanocatalysts. Here we find that iridium oxide catalysts with a specific tunnel-type crystal structure exhibit highly localized reactivity, where regions at tunnel mouths drive oxygen evolution far more efficiently than tunnel-wall regions. The intrinsic activity of tunnel mouths is 25-fold higher than that of tunnel walls, with shorter nanorods achieving a better balance between active site exposure and electron/mass transport efficiency.

Preparation and characterization of biomineralizing dentin bonding primer based on bioactive amphiphilic raspberry-like nanoparticles.

Background: Incomplete resin coverage of demineralized collagen can compromise dentin bond durability. This study developed a biomineralizing dentin bonding primer incorporating bioactive amphiphilic raspberry-like nanoparticles (BRPs) to enhance biomineralization and dentin bond strength.

Methods: BRPs were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and nitrogen (N) adsorption experiments.

The effect of molecular interactions on strong coupling spectra in a molecule-nanocavity system.

The nanoparticle-on-mirror (NPoM) structure is an excellent platform for light-matter interaction studies. However, in previous theoretical studies of strong coupling, aggregates are typically treated either as a whole entity using the Drude model or by considering individual molecule-plasmon interactions while neglecting molecular interactions. In this study, we employ the continuum model to obtain the optical response of the NPoM structure, extracting single-mode plasmons.

Hydroxyethyl Cellulose-Intercalated Vanadium Oxide Cathodes with Lattice Defect Engineering for High-Performance Aqueous Zinc-Ion Batteries.

To address the structural instability and rapid capacity fading of the cathodes for aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs), a composite cathode material noted as VO-i-HEC is fabricated in this work by the intercalation of hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) into layered vanadium pentoxide (VO). The electrostatic interactions from the polar functional groups of HEC expand the interlayer spacing of VO from 4.3 to 12.

Inflammatory Proteins Mediate the Effect of Gut Microbiota on Graves' Ophthalmopathy: A Mendelian Randomization Study.

Purpose: This study investigates the causal relationship between gut microbiota (GM) and Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO) and explores the mediating role of circulating inflammatory proteins (IPs) in this association.

Methods: A two-step, two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was performed using GM data from MiBioGen (N = 18,340), GO data from the FinnGen Research Project (691 cases, 411,490 controls), and IP data from a genome-wide association study (N = 14,824). The primary MR analysis utilized the inverse variance-weighted approach, supplemented by MR Egger, weighted median, maximum likelihood, and MR robust adjusted profile score methods.

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on the Safety and Efficacy of Rosuvastatin as an Adjunctive Therapy in Acute Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

Purpose: Acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) severely impact patient health, and current treatments often fail to adequately control inflammation and lung function decline. Statins have shown potential in managing AECOPD. This study conducts a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the effects of rosuvastatin, aiming to provide precise treatment recommendations.

Alleviation of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease by silymarin is associated with maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis via regulation of optic atrophy 1.

Silibinin (silybin) is the major active compound of silymarin used to treat several chronic liver diseases including metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). However, the molecular mechanism of hepatic protection offered by silibinin remains still incompletely understood. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether silibinin could ameliorate hepatic steatosis by regulating mitochondrial function in Western diet (WD)-fed MASLD mice and free fatty acid-treated HepG2 cells.

Treatment of large pancreatic radiolucent stone.

Background: Previous studies have not clarified the treatment of large pancreatic radiolucent stones (≥ 5 mm). The primary objective of this study was to assess the clinical features and therapeutic efficacy in patients with chronic pancreatitis who have large radiolucent stones, and to propose a treatment strategy.

Methods: This analysis examined the data of patients with large pancreatic ductal stones (≥ 5 mm) from March 2011 to June 2018.

Morphological, physiological, and transcriptomic insights into response the of Lycium barbarum L. ('Ningqi No.1') seedlings to low-nitrogen stress.

Nitrogen is one of the essential elements for plant growth and development. In this study, we assessed the effects of low-nitrogen (LN) on Lycium barbarum L. seedlings, finding that LN stress caused a notable decrease in plant height, fresh and dry weights, and leaf nitrate nitrogen levels.

Calculation of COVID-19 disease burden using Monte Carlo simulation with dynamic disability weights and analysis of transmission characteristics.

Background: Disability Weights (DWs) are crucial for assessing disease burden guiding public health decision-making. For emerging health threats such as COVID-19, the absence of relevant survey data from China has led to reliance on established DW values for specific symptoms in calculating the COVID-19 disease burden. However, these values have not been updated in real-time to reflect the ongoing mutations of the virus, potentially skewing the longitudinal estimation of COVID-19's burden and compromising the accuracy of public health interventions.

Dual Flame-Retardant and Curing-Agent Effects of Phytic Acid-Guanazole as an Additive in Fire-Protective Coatings for Wood.

Recent research has focused on developing environmentally friendly flame-retardant coatings to improve the fire resistance of wood. In this study, phytic acid-guanazole (PG), a dual-functional compound synthesized through an ionic reaction between phytic acid and guanazole, was added to KH550-modified urea-formaldehyde resin (KUF) as both a curing agent and flame retardant. The -PO43- groups from phytic acid act as an acid source to accelerate char formation during combustion, while the -NH groups introduced by guanazole release non-combustible gases to dilute oxygen in the air, synergistically enhancing flame retardancy.

Co-initiating-system dual-mechanism drives the design of printable entangled polymer multinetworks.

Entanglement significantly enhances the mechanical performance and functionality of both natural and synthetic materials. However, developing straightforward, versatile strategies for creating high-performance entangled polymer materials remains a challenge. Here, a co-initiating-system dual-mechanism strategy is designed for fabricating printable entangled polymer multinetworks.

Risk factors for surgical site infections after orthopaedic surgery: A meta-analysis and systematic review.

The objective of this meta-analysis was to investigate the occurrence and determinants of surgical site infections (SSIs) in individuals following orthopaedic surgical procedures. A systematic exploration of articles concerning factors predisposing individuals to SSIs after orthopaedic surgery was conducted across multiple databases, including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and Web of Science, up to March 20, 2024. The Stata 15.

Characterization of lactylation-based phenotypes and molecular biomarkers in sepsis-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Sepsis-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a heterogeneous disease with high morbidity and mortality. Lactylation plays a crucial role in sepsis and sepsis-induced lung injury. This study aimed to identify distinct lactylation-based phenotypes in patients with sepsis-associated ARDS and determine relevant molecular biomarkers.

The Diagnostic Value of Artificial Intelligence in C-TIRADS 4-5 Nodules, Real-Time Dynamic Ultrasound and Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound to Enhance the Difference Between Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma and Nodular Goiter.

Background: Differentiating papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) from nodular goiter (NG) in thyroid nodules is challenging. Advanced tools such as contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted diagnostics may improve diagnostic accuracy for Chinese Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (C-TIRADS) 4-5 nodules.

Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of conventional ultrasound (CUS), CEUS, and AI dynamic ultrasound in distinguishing PTC from NG in C-TIRADS 4-5 nodules.

Population immunity enhances the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 in Beijing revealed by wastewater genomic surveillance.

This study aims to elucidate the impact of population immunity on the regional evolution of SARS-CoV-2. A total of 3701 wastewater SARS-CoV-2 concentration values and 168 wastewater whole genomes of SARS-CoV-2 were obtained in Beijing over 11 months following the implementation of the "dynamic zero-COVID" policy adjustments in December 2022. The findings indicate that the number of variant strains identified through wastewater surveillance was 2.

Sonographic manifestations of multiple medullary carcinoma coexisting with papillary carcinoma of the thyroid: A case report.

This case report presents a rare coexistence of multiple medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) and papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) in a 43-year-old woman with a 6-month history of a thyroid mass. Physical examination revealed a firm, irregular isthmus nodule without signs of inflammation. Laboratory tests showed elevated serum calcitonin, carcinoembryonic antigen and gastrin-releasing peptide precursor.

Heteroatom decorated C2N monolayer for gas-sensing application: Insight from first-principles.

Development of novel gas-sensing materials is essential to high-performance gas sensors for monitoring target gases in industrial production and environmental protection. Herein, we investigate two types of the heteroatom-decorated C2N monolayer, denoted as M@C2N (M = Mn and Ni) and B-C2N, for their gas-sensing functionality toward seven small gaseous molecules (H2, O2, N2, CO, CO2, NH3, and H2O). The key gas-sensing characteristics concerning chemiresistive (CR) and field-effect transistor (FET) gas sensing have been thoroughly explored.

SUCNR1 Deficiency Alleviates Liver Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Regulating Kupffer Cell Activation and Polarization Through the ERK/NF-κB Pathway in Mice.

Succinate regulates inflammation through its receptor, succinate receptor 1 (SUCNR1). However, the effects of this interaction on Kupffer cell (KC)-driven inflammation during liver ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) remain unclear. Herein, we investigated the succinate/SUCNR1 axis in the progression of liver IRI.

A model based on Chinese thyroid imaging reporting and data systems for predicting Bethesda III/IV thyroid nodules.

Objectives: This study aimed to explore the performance of a model based on Chinese Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data Systems (C-TIRADS), clinical characteristics, and other ultrasound characteristics for the prediction of Bethesda III/IV thyroid nodules before fine needle aspiration (FNA).

Materials And Methods: A total of 855 thyroid nodules from 810 patients were included. All nodules underwent ultrasound examination before FNA.

Biodetoxification of both AFB1 and ZEN by Bacillus subtilis ZJ-2019-1 in gastrointestinal environment and in mice.

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and zearalenone (ZEN) are the most prevalent mycotoxins in production, posing a serious threat to human and animal health. Therefore, it is very urgent to find a safe and efficient method for the biodegradation of these mycotoxins. Our previous study demonstrated that Bacillus subtilis ZJ-2019-1 moderately degrades both mycotoxins in vitro and ZEN in female gilts.

Nationwide prediction of pesticide residual levels in soil: Implications on the resulting risk and prioritization framework.

Pesticides are widely accumulated in agricultural soils in China under successive applications, causing negative impacts on non-target species and environmental qualities. However, a nationwide overview of the residual levels of pesticides in soil, and the ecological risks to non-target soil species are lacking. In this study, we calculated geographically gridded concentrations of 107 pesticide active ingredients (AIs) in soils in China based on the Computational Pesticide Input (CPI) model and further assessed the ecological risks to soil biota.