Efficacy and safety benefits of HR17031, a fixed-ratio combination of INS068 and noiiglutide, versus its components alone in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes uncontrolled on oral antidiabetic drug(s): A phase 2, multicentre, open-label, randomised, parallel three-arm, treat-to-target trial.

Aims: To assess the efficacy and safety of HR17031, a fixed-ratio combination of basal insulin analogue (INS068) and GLP-1 receptor agonist (noiiglutide), versus its components alone in patients with type 2 diabetes uncontrolled on metformin with or without a second oral antidiabetic drug.

Materials And Methods: This phase 2 multicentre trial randomised 455 patients with type 2 diabetes (HbA1c 7.5%-11.

Tolerance of Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine for People Living with HIV: A Real-World Evidence Analysis from a Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: The tolerance of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in people living with HIV (PLWH) remains unclear. We aimed to evaluate the tolerance of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in PLWH.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study recruited 3327 PLWH for questionnaires and laboratory testing.

12-channel LAN wavelength-division multiplexer with low random phase errors.

In this paper, we demonstrate a 12-channel LAN wavelength division multiplexer with low random phase errors on a 300 nm-thick silicon nitride platform, based on Mach-Zehnder interferometers. We conducted a detailed analysis of the phase error contributors in the interferometers and implemented targeted structural optimizations that reduced the random phase error by approximately 70%. Ultimately, our device achieved an average insertion loss of -0.

ALDH1A3 promotes aggressive basal-like pancreatic cancer through an AP-1/RUNX2 enhancer network.

The basal-like transcriptional subtype of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is linked to therapy resistance and poor prognosis. The cancer stem cell marker aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A3 (ALDH1A3) is a critical enzyme in acetaldehyde metabolism, but the interconnection to the basal-like subtype is poorly understood. Here, we identified ALDH1A3 as a key gene, which correlates with reduced survival and increased tumor growth.

SARS-CoV-2 rebound and post-acute mortality and hospitalization among patients admitted with COVID-19: cohort study.

Recent investigations have demonstrated a relationship between the persistence of SARS-CoV-2 and post-COVID-19 conditions. Building upon a potential connection between SARS-CoV-2 persistence and early virologic rebound, we examine the association of early virologic rebound with post-acute mortality and hospitalization due to post-acute sequelae among hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in Hong Kong. Our study includes 13,859, 3959, and 4502 patients in the all-patient, nirmatrelvir/ritonavir, and molnupiravir group, respectively.

Multiomic identification of senescent stem cell populations critical for osteoarthritis progression and therapy in subchondral bones.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a challenging degenerative joint disease with limited treatment options. Subchondral bone plays a critical role in maintaining joint homeostasis and influencing OA progression. Here, we investigated the role of senescence in mesenchyme-derived stem/progenitor cells (MDSPCs) during OA progression, aiming to identify potential therapeutic targets.

Analysis of clinicopathologic characteristics and risk factors for missed diagnosis in synchronous multiple early gastric cancer.

Aims: This study aimed to enhance synchronous multiple early gastric cancer (SMEGC) detection by analyzing clinicopathological features, correlations between main/minor lesions in SMEGC and gastric high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (GHGIN), and identifying risk factors for missed diagnoses.

Method: A cross-sectional analysis included 130 patients with SMEGC or GHGIN undergoing endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) at Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital. Clinicopathological characteristics were evaluated, with lesions classified as main or minor.

Tai Chi's synergistic modulation on autonomic nervous activity and central autonomic networks in functional constipation patients: a randomized controlled trial.

Functional constipation (FCon) is characterized by disrupted brain-gut communication, representing a core pathophysiological mechanism. Physical exercise, a safe and cost-effective intervention, has been proven efficacy in ameliorating constipation symptoms and is a vital self-management strategy. Tai Chi, a traditional Chinese exercise, has been demonstrated to benefit both the gastrointestinal tract and the brain.

Accelerometer-derived concentrated physical activity pattern and mortality in cancer survivors: the UK Biobank accelerometry study.

Although reduced mortality associated with moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) has been reported among cancer survivors, the benefits of a concentrated PA pattern remain unclear. This prospective cohort study included 6,075 cancer survivors from the UK Biobank accelerometry dataset: 2,390 (39.3%) were inactive (< 150 minutes/week), 1,295 (21.

Protocol for adeno-associated virus-mediated gene delivery to accelerate pancreatic carcinogenesis in mice.

Introducing additional genetic modifications or environmental stimuli accelerates early pancreatic carcinogenesis in the p48; LSL-Kras (KC) mouse model. Here, we present a protocol employing adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated gene delivery specifically in the pancreas to facilitate the progression from acinar cells through acinar-to-ductal metaplasia (ADM) to pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN). We describe steps for AAV production, preparing KC mice, intra-pancreatic AAV injection, and analysis.

A tentative exploration for the association between influenza virus infection and SARS-CoV-2 infection in Shihezi, China: A test-negative study.

The outbreak of respiratory diseases, such as COVID-19 and influenza, has drawn global attention. However, it remains unclear whether the risk of influenza A infection may be affected by the history of SARS-CoV-2 infection. In this study, we conducted a test-negative case-control study, and utilized a logistic regression model to analyze the relationship between SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A infections.

Risk factors for recurrence after endoscopic papillectomy in ampullary adenomas: a retrospective case-control study.

Background: Endoscopic papillectomy (EP) has emerged as a preferred treatment modality for ampullary adenomas, offering a less-invasive alternative to surgical resection. However, concerns persist regarding the potential for incomplete resection and subsequent recurrence.

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of EP in treating ampullary adenomas and to identify risk factors associated with recurrence.

Evaluation of dengue fever vulnerability in south and southeast asian countries: A multidimensional approach.

Background: Climate change is raising the risk of dengue fever outbreaks in South and Southeast Asia, where public health challenges persist. Warmer temperatures promote year-round mosquito breeding and pathogen transmission, particularly in crowded urban areas. This underscores the urgent need for a comprehensive assessment to develop effective prevention strategies and improve health outcomes.

Calibration free broadband polarization-insensitive silicon optical switch.

We propose and demonstrate a polarization-insensitive optical switch on a 220 nm silicon-on-insulator (SOI) platform. The device utilizes a Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) structure composed of an ultra-wide waveguide with nearly identical effective indices and thermo-optical coefficients for the transverse electric (TE) modes. A mode rotator based on mode hybridization facilitates the conversion between TM and TE.

Association between inactivated COVID-19 vaccine and semen quality among males recovered from omicron infection: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: The protective effects of inactivated COVID-19 vaccines against SARS-CoV-2-associated semen impairment remain underexplored. We aimed to investigate the association between BBIBP-CorV vaccination and semen quality in males recovering from SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Research Design And Methods: This single-center retrospective cohort study included males recovering from SARS-CoV-2 infection at a tertiary hospital in Urumqi, China (February-May 2023).

Post-pandemic excess mortality of COVID-19 in Hong Kong: a retrospective study.

Background: As the COVID-19 pandemic shifted into the post-pandemic period in early 2023, following the COVID-19 normalization with relaxation of stringent control measures and high vaccination coverage in Hong Kong, its long-term impact on mortality remains challenging with necessary needs of data-driven insights. This study examined the pattern of post-pandemic excess mortality in Hong Kong.

Methods: We analyzed weekly inpatient death data from public hospitals from January 1, 2013, to June 1, 2024, using a mixed model with over-dispersed Poisson regression.

Dome-APIC illumination design for high space-bandwidth product analytic imaging.

Breaking the tradeoff between resolution and field-of-view, while obtaining distortion-free images, can be achieved through computational imaging techniques. A recent approach, Angular Ptychographic Imaging with Close-form method (APIC), has showcased its capability to analytically recover both intricate aberrations and high space-bandwidth product complex optical fields with NA-matching and darkfield illuminations. However, its flat illumination setup limits its ability to efficiently reconstruct a large field-of-view simultaneously with high resolution, owing to the curvature in the wavefront from NA-matching illuminations and the finite beam angle of the Lambertian LED light source.

Visible-light optical phased array on a thin-film lithium niobate platform for high-speed beam steering.

We demonstrate a visible-light optical phased array (OPA) realized on a thin-film lithium niobate (TFLN) platform. The OPA chip integrates 32 channels and independently modulates the phase of each channel through an electro-optic phase shifter for the first time, to our knowledge, exhibiting a rapid response speed. The electro-optic rising edge response time is 12 ns, while the falling edge response time is 14 ns.

Causal association between PM and metabolic syndrome in the Chinese elderly population-insights from a cohort study of CHARLS.

Existing evidence suggests that the components of metabolic syndrome (MS) are sensitive to PM, especially in the elderly population, and related results targeting different regions and populations are inconsistent. This study aims to quantify the risk of association between PM and MS components in the elderly population, as well as the moderating effect of physical exercise (PE) for this association. Biochemical data, demographic data and health behavior data were obtained from CHARLS dataset in 2011 and 2015, and the individual information was matched to obtain the two-wave panel data.

Programming anti-ribozymes to sense trigger RNAs for modulating gene expression in mammalian cells.

Synthetic RNA-based switches provide distinctive merits in modulating gene expression. Simple and flexible RNA-based switches are crucial for advancing the field of gene regulation, paving the way for innovative tools that can sense and manipulate cellular processes. In this research, we have developed programmable ribozymes that are capable of suppressing gene expression in response to specific, endogenously expressed trigger RNAs.

Clinical characteristics of pancreatic cancer presenting with acute pancreatitis: a propensity-matched cohort study.

Background And Aim: The symptoms of pancreatic cancer (PC) are usually nonspecific or absent, and the early diagnosis remains challenging. 7-14% of PC patients present initially with acute pancreatitis (AP). This study aims to distinguish the PC patients initially presenting with AP from simple AP patients, further evaluating the role of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) in the early diagnosis.

Four directional circular optical phased array for uniform two-dimensional beam steering at visible wavelength.

Optical phased arrays (OPAs), owing to their remarkable capacity for rapid and precise beam steering, have emerged as a pivotal technology in various applications such as augmented reality, free-space optical communication, and optical imaging. In this paper, we present a 64-element two-dimensional (2D) circular OPA operating at a visible wavelength of 632.5 nm.

Antifibrotic therapeutic strategies in systemic sclerosis: Critical role of the Wnt/β-catenin and TGF-β signal transduction pathways as potential targets.

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a prototypic fibrosing disorder characterized by widespread fibrosis and immune dysregulation. Current evidence highlights the intricate cross-talk between the canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) signaling, both of which play fundamental roles in the pathogenesis of fibrosis. This review aims to elucidate the central role of the Wnt/β-catenin-TGF-β pathway and TGF-β signal transduction pathway in fibrotic diseases, focusing on SSc.