Injectable multifunctional sponges with rough sieve structure and efficient shape-recoverability for small-sized penetrating wound.

The emergence of special scenarios involving small-sized penetrating wounds has imposed stricter performance requirements on shape-recovery hemostatic materials, particularly regarding their shape fixity and water-triggered shape recovery efficiency. Herein, an efficient shape-recovery sponge dressing with high shape fixity and high-speed liquid absorption, designated as CQT, was developed by integrating a sieve structure with the rough surface coating. The sieve structure, characterized by microporous structures on macroporous walls, enhanced the multi-level and connectivity of the overall pore network, which could improve compressive fixity via enhancing the energy dissipation required for rebound and enabled efficient shape recovery through augmented capillary action during fluid absorption.

Single Te Nanoribbon for Disrupting Conventional Sensitivity-Power Limits of Flexible Strain Sensors.

Flexible strain sensors are pivotal for the advancement of robotics, wearable healthcare, and human-machine interaction in the post-Moore era. However, conventional materials struggle to simultaneously achieve high sensitivity, a broad strain range, and low power consumption for cutting-edge applications. In this work, the issue is addressed through single crystal 1D tellurium nanoribbons (NRs), which are synthesized on SiO/Si substrate by hydrogen-assisted chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method.

Low-Complexity Automorphism Ensemble Decoding of Reed-Muller Codes Using Path Pruning.

The newly developed automorphism ensemble decoder (AED) leverages the rich automorphisms of Reed-Muller (RM) codes to achieve near maximum likelihood (ML) performance at short code lengths. However, the performance gain of AED comes at the cost of high complexity, as the ensemble size required for near ML decoding grows exponentially with the code length. In this work, we address this complexity issue by focusing on the factor graph permutation group (FGPG), a subgroup of the full automorphism group of RM codes, to generate permutations for AED.

Whole exome sequencing analysis of susceptibility loci in transgender individuals.

Background: Genetic factors contributing to sex-associated dimorphic brain development may also underlie gender identity-related anxiety disorders.

Aim: To establish a high-throughput whole-exome sequencing (WES) and bioinformatics pipeline for identifying rare variants in sex-dimorphic neural pathways and explore their association with gender identity-related anxiety.

Methods: Peripheral genomic DNA was collected from 23 patients (13 Assigned male at birth (AMAB), 10 Assigned female at birth (AFAB)) presenting with gender identity-related anxiety at Shanghai Mental Health Centre between March 2020 and February 2022.

Insights on Molecular Interaction between Polymer and Poorly Water-Soluble Loratadine in Solid Dispersion from Molecular Dynamics and Experiments.

This study aims to employ molecular dynamics (MD) methods to predict the miscibility and molecular interactions between loratadine (LOR) and polymers, thereby designing drug formulations with enhanced water solubility. The research seeks to improve formulation design efficiency and accelerate the drug development process. A viable approach to enhance the solubility of poorly soluble drugs involves creating solid dispersions (SDs) with hydrophilic polymers.

Two-Dimensional Polymerase Chain Reaction for Identifying the HLA Alleles Associated with Adverse Drug Reactions.

This study aimed to establish a two-dimensional PCR (2D-PCR) methodology capable of simultaneously identifying HLA-A∗31:01, HLA-B∗15:02, HLA-B∗57:01, and HLA-B∗58:01 alleles to prevent adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and guide safe clinical medication use. To achieve this goal, key nucleotide sites were first selected through multiple sequence alignment for the purpose of identifying HLA alleles: c.243T and c.

Pulsed laser-assisted direct fabrication of MoWS alloy-based flexible strain sensors with superior performance for high-temperature applications.

Flexible strain sensors with high sensitivity and stability at high temperatures are significantly desirable for their accurate and long-term signal detection in wearable devices, environment monitoring, and aerospace electronics. Despite the considerable efforts in materials development and structural design, it remains a challenge to develop highly sensitive, flexible strain sensors operating at high temperatures due to the trade-off between sensitivity and stability for the representative sensing materials. Herein, we develop a high-temperature flexible sensor using MoWS alloy films.

Potential of antibacterial polysaccharides to serve as a promising alternative to conventional antibiotics: challenges and future prospects.

Antibacterial polysaccharides are emerging as viable substitutes for conventional antibiotics by combining a variety of bactericidal mechanisms with their inherent biocompatibility and biodegradability. This study reviewed findings from articles (approximately 110 manuscripts published between 2013 and 2024), reporting sources, extraction and use of polysaccharides (with antibacterial properties) from nature such as microbiological exopolysaccharides, chitosan and alginate. A lot of natural polysaccharides, like chitosan and alginate, possess the ability to break down bacterial cell walls and biofilms, but they don't harm human cells or even commensal microbiota.

Sumoylation-dependent control of Pmk1 phosphorylation during Magnaporthe oryzae infection.

Rice blast disease, caused by Magnaporthe oryzae, significantly threatens global rice yields. The Pmk1-MAPK signaling pathway is crucial for the infection process, but the precise regulatory mechanisms of Pmk1 remain unclear. Our research reveals that sumoylation of Pmk1 is vital for its infectious function.

A new strategy of laparoscopic anatomical right hemihepatectomy via a hepatic parenchymal transection-first approach guided by the middle hepatic vein.

Laparoscopic anatomical right hemihepatectomy (LARH) is a highly challenging procedure due to the lack of an appropriate surgical approach. This study aimed to investigate the safety and efficacy of LARH via a hepatic parenchymal transection-first approach (HPF) guided by the middle hepatic vein (MHV) (HPFM) to treat hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by comparison with the extrahepatic Glissonian approach (EG). Between January 2017 and December 2019, a total of 105 HCC patients who underwent LARH, of whom 48 underwent HPFM, were included in this study.

Highly customizable, ultrawide-temperature free-form flexible sensing electronic systems based on medium-entropy alloy paintings.

High-performance flexible sensing electronics on complex surfaces operating across broad temperatures are critical for aerospace and industrial applications. However, existing flexible sensors and materials face limitations in sensitivity and thermal stability. Here, we report an ink-engineering strategy to directly print single-face MoWNb medium entropy alloy paints on arbitrary surfaces without complicated post-processing.

Finotonlimab (PD-1 inhibitor) plus bevacizumab (bevacizumab biosimilar) as first-tier therapy for late-stage hepatocellular carcinoma: a randomized phase 2/3 trial.

We aimed to assess the tolerability and efficacy of finotonlimab (an anti-programmed cell death protein-1 antibody) in combination with SCT510, a bevacizumab biosimilar, versus sorafenib in unresectable advanced HCC. This randomized phase 2 and 3 study (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04560894; Chinadrugtrials.

Associations of breastfeeding with maternal and child health outcomes: umbrella review.

Background: Breastfeeding (BF) has been reported to be beneficial for both mothers and their offspring, but the evidence for these associations has not been systematically evaluated.

Objectives: This umbrella review aims to assess the credibility of existing evidence regarding the associations between BF and health outcomes in mothers and offspring.

Methods: For each health outcome, evidence levels were determined using reanalyzed random-effects estimates, between-study heterogeneity, 95% predictive intervals, publication bias, small-study effects, and excess significance bias.

Wnt6 and Wnt10 regulate spot marking formation in Bombyx mori larvae.

Insect pigmentation patterns are critical for ecological adaptation and serve as an excellent model for studying the genetic basis of phenotypic diversity. The Wnt family is a conserved group of genes that play crucial roles in various biological processes across species. While Wnt1 and WntA have been extensively characterized for their roles in insect coloration, particularly in Drosophila and butterflies, the functions of other Wnt family members, such as Wnt6 and Wnt10, remain poorly understood.

[Distribution of virulence genes of foodborne Bacillus cereus in Beijing from 2021 to 2023].

Objective: To investigate the pollution level and the carrying and distribution of virulence genes of foodborne Bacillus cereus in Beijing.

Methods: The contamination levels of B. cereus in 805 food items sold in Beijing from 2021 to 2023 was examined and analyzed, and the 10 virulence genes of B.

Cell-free DNA testing for the detection and prognosis prediction of pancreatic cancer.

Pancreatic cancer is known for its lethal condition, with most cases being diagnosed at advanced stage. Recently, liquid biopsy has emerged as a promising tool in cancer detection. Here we develop both an early detection model and a prognostic model for pancreatic cancer using cell-free DNA (cfDNA) end motif, fragmentation, nucleosome footprint (NF), and copy number alteration (CNA) features from plasma cfDNA.

Regulation of plant immunity through histone H3 β-hydroxybutyrylation-mediated transcriptional control.

Histone lysine β-hydroxybutyrylation (Kbhb) is a novel type of histone acylation whose prevalence and function remain unclear in plants. Here, we systematically characterized H3K9bhb in rice (Oryza sativa) and found that it is enriched at transcription start site (TSS) regions and serves as an active mark for gene expression. We demonstrated functional differences between H3K9bhb and the well-studied H3K9ac histone modification, particularly in regulating genes involved in the rice immune response.

Evaluation of the acute toxicity of oilfield-produced water using a recombinant luminescent sensor.

Oilfield-produced water, a byproduct of oil and gas extraction, contains organic contaminants and inorganic metals that can pose a risk to the human health and environmental safety. Luminescent bacteria are frequently utilized as bioassay species in toxicity assessments, particularly in the context of wastewater, water streams, contaminated sites, and chemical substances. Given the disadvantages associated with the reliance of marine luminescent bacteria on high salinity, herein, the recombinant strains were employed as the bioassay species for toxicity assessment.

Duodenal varices and evaluation of endoscopic cyanoacrylate injection for treatment of duodenal variceal bleeding.

Background And Aims: Duodenal varices (DVs) are a rare complication of portal hypertension. This study analyzed the clinical characteristics of DVs and examined the efficacy of endoscopic cyanoacrylate injection for duodenal variceal bleeding.

Methods: The clinical data of patients with DVs treated in our hospital from March 2013 to May 2024 were retrospectively analyzed.

Compliant buffer layer achieves native-like cartilage stress in talar prosthesis: a finite element analysis study.

Background: Avascular necrosis (AVN) of the talus presents considerable clinical challenges and is frequently associated with poor treatment outcomes. While 3D-printed customized talar prosthesis has shown promising potential in total talar replacement (TTR), current materials create a hard-soft mismatch with native cartilage, increasing local stress, accelerating wear, and causing complications. The objective of this study was to identify the most suitable combination of buffering layer material and thickness for talar prosthesis.

Rational design of deep eutectic solvents with low viscosities and multiple active sites for efficient recognition and selective capture of NH.

Efficient recognition and selective capture of NH is not only beneficial for increasing the productivity of the synthetic NH industry but also for reducing air pollution. For this purpose, a group of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) consisting of glycolic acid (GA) and phenol (PhOH) with low viscosities and multiple active sites was rationally designed in this work. Experimental results show that the GA + PhOH DESs display extremely fast NH absorption rates (within 51 s for equilibrium) and high NH solubility.

Polymer-linked growth wafer-sized Ruddlesden-Popper perovskite single-crystal films.

Wafer-sized two-dimensional Ruddlesden-Popper perovskite single-crystal thin films (SCTFs) hold immense potential as alternatives for fabricating large-scale optoelectronic devices and are anticipated to achieve commercial application in technologies such as high-performance micro-PeLEDs and integrated panels for advanced displays of the future. However, wafer-sized growth of perovskite single-crystal films remains challenging, primarily attributed to the inherent difficulties in controlling the nucleation process and managing the anisotropic growth behavior. These factors lead to rapid nucleation rate and high nucleation density, which impede crystal wafer-sized growth.

H2S-mediated protein S-sulfhydration modulates infectivity and autophagy in the rice blast fungus.

Hydrogen sulfide (HS) regulates cellular activities in plants and mammals through S-sulfhydration, a post-translational modification of proteins. The role of HS and its molecular targets in fungi, however, remains unclear. Here we show that HS, synthesized by cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE1) in the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae, is essential for optimal fungal infection.