Dietary supplementation of Priestia sp. PPB30 attenuates intestinal colonization and inflammatory response induced by Aeromonas veronii in loach through interfering with the LuxS/AI-2 quorum sensing system.

Aeromonas veronii, a zoonotic opportunistic pathogen, has posed serious threats to both the aquaculture industry and human health. The quorum sensing (QS) system plays a crucial regulatory role in the expression of virulence factors in A. veronii.

H2S-mediated protein S-sulfhydration modulates infectivity and autophagy in the rice blast fungus.

Hydrogen sulfide (HS) regulates cellular activities in plants and mammals through S-sulfhydration, a post-translational modification of proteins. The role of HS and its molecular targets in fungi, however, remains unclear. Here we show that HS, synthesized by cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE1) in the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae, is essential for optimal fungal infection.

Effects of autoinducer-2 mediated quorum sensing on gonadal colonization and reproductive toxicity caused by Aeromonas veronii in loach (Misgurnus anguillicaudatus).

Aeromonas veronii is one of the most common major pathogens in aquaculture, which can infect aquatic animals and cause significant economic losses. Quorum sensing (QS) of A. veronii promotes its intestinal colonization through regulating the production of virulence factors, but little is known about the effects of QS systems on the gonadal colonization of A.

Adolescents' academic achievement and meaning in life: the role of self-concept clarity.

Sense of meaning in life is closely related to adolescents' well-being. While prior research has largely examined the effects of individual traits and environmental influences, adolescents' personal experiences (e.g.

Dual-Site Catalysis in Ni-Fe Phosphides: Understanding the Bifunctional Mechanism for Water Splitting.

Nickel-iron phosphides, as promising bifunctional catalysts for both hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER), are still under debate due to their thermodynamic instability and unclear reaction mechanisms at multiple active sites. Here, highly exposed NiP-FeP heterostructures are synthesized, achieving rapid HER and OER with remarkably low and stable overpotentials of 86 (157) and 140 (251) mV at 10 (100) mA cm, respectively. The systematic analyses revealed two key beneficial mechanisms for the surface stability and kinetics: the self-adaptive hydrogenation (oxidation) of NiP-FeP surface under HER (OER) potentials and the cooperation between FeP and NiP.

Topical application of Cap-loaded hydrogels inhibits corneal neovascularization.

Corneal neovascularization (CNV) is a significant risk factor for visual impairment. The efficiency and side effects of current CNV treatments, such as steroids and antivascular endothelial growth factor agents, are still debated. In addition, the bioavailability of topical drugs is usually hindered by tears, blinking, and the corneal anatomy.

Autoinducer-2 signaling promotes intestinal colonization of and induces cell apoptosis in loach ().

Quorum sensing systems, particularly autoinducer-2 (AI-2) signaling, have significant effects on bacterial colonization and virulence. However, how they affect intestinal colonization by pathogens and subsequent host immune responses remains unclear. Here, we investigated the influence of AI-2 signaling on the intestinal colonization ability of Z12 and the host's immune response.

Microplastics colonized by Hafnia paralvei through biofilm formation regulated by c-di-GMP and cAMP promote its spread in water.

Microplastics (MPs) colonized by pathogens pose significant risks to the environment and health of animals and humans, however, the strategies for pathogens colonization in MPs and the effects of its colonization on spread of pathogens have not been fully characterized. Here, we investigated the biofilm formation mechanism regulated by c-di-GMP in Hafnia paralvei Z11, and determined the effect of MPs colonized by H. paralvei Z11 on the spread of strain Z11.

De-nitrosylation Coordinates Appressorium Function for Infection of the Rice Blast Fungus.

As a signaling molecule, nitric oxide (NO) regulates the development and stress response in different organisms. The major biological activity of NO is protein S-nitrosylation, whose function in fungi remains largely unclear. Here, it is found in the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae, de-nitrosylation process is essential for functional appressorium formation during infection.

Polystyrene microplastics promote intestinal colonization of Aeromonas veronii through inducing intestinal microbiota dysbiosis.

The premise that pathogen colonized microplastics (MPs) can promote the spread of pathogens has been widely recognized, however, their role in the colonization of pathogens in a host intestine has not been fully elucidated. Here, we investigated the effect of polystyrene MPs (PS-MPs) on the colonization levels of Aeromonas veronii, a typical aquatic pathogen, in the loach (Misgurnus anguillicaudatus) intestine. Multiple types of MPs were observed to promote the intestinal colonization of A.

Risk factors and a nomogram for predicting cognitive frailty in Chinese patients with lung cancer receiving drug therapy: A single-center cross-sectional study.

Background: To identify independent factors of cognitive frailty (CF) and construct a nomogram to predict cognitive frailty risk in patients with lung cancer receiving drug therapy.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, patients with lung cancer undergoing drug therapy from October 2022 to July 2023 were enrolled. The data collected includes general demographic characteristics, clinical data characteristics and assessment of tools for cognitive frailty and other factors.

Biofilm formation of Hafnia paralvei induced by c-di-GMP through facilitating bcsB gene expression promotes spoilage of Yellow River carp (Cyprinus carpio).

Hafnia paralvei, a Gram-negative foodborne pathogen, is found ubiquitously in various aquatic animals and seafoods, which can form biofilm as a dominant virulence factor that contributes to its pathogenesis. However, the biofilm formation mechanism of H. paralvei and its effect on food spoilage has not been fully characterized.

Herb pair of Rhubarb-Astragalus mitigates renal interstitial fibrosis through downregulation of autophagy via p38-MAPK/TGF-β1 and p38-MAPK/smad2/3 pathways.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has a high incidence and poor prognosis; however, no effective treatment is currently available. Our previous study found that the improvement effect of the herb pair of Rhubarb-Astragalus on CKD is likely related to the inhibition of the TGF-β1/p38-MAPK pathway. In the present study, a p38-MAPK inhibitor was used to further investigate the inhibitory effect of Rhubarb-Astragalus on the TGF-β1/p38-MAPK pathway and its relationship with autophagy.

Occurrence characteristics and influencing factors of antibiotic resistance genes in rural groundwater in Henan Province.

This study determined the antibiotic-resistant gene (ARG) contents of 34 groundwater samples in Henan Province collected from September to October 2022, then assessed the roles of both water quality parameters and intI1 in ARG propagation in groundwater. The results show that there existed universal ARG pollution in groundwater, and sulfonamides-, β-lactem-, and tetracycline-resistance genes were the most prevalent gene types during the time. Sul1 contributed the majority proportion of the total resistance genes (TARGs).

Quorum sensing signal autoinducer-2 promotes hydrogen peroxide degradation in water by Gram-positive bacteria.

Hydrogen peroxide is widely used to remedy bacterial and parasitic infections, but its excessive use will cause severe damage to aquatic animals. Moreover, there is no safe, efficient and low-cost method to degrade residual hydrogen peroxide in water. Here we developed a hydrogen peroxide removal mechanism by which autoinducer-2 (AI-2), a quorum sensing signal molecule that can promote the hydrogen peroxide degradation by Gram-positive bacteria.

Tracking the extracellular and intracellular antibiotic resistance genes across whole year in wastewater of intensive dairy farm.

Monitoring the annual variation of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in livestock wastewater is important for determining the high-risk period of transfer and spread of animal-derived antibiotic resistance into the environment. However, the knowledge regarding the variation patterns of ARGs, especially intracellular ARGs (iARGs) and extracellular ARGs (eARGs), over time in livestock wastewater is still unclear. Herein, we conducted a year-round study to trace the profiles of ARGs at a Chinese-intensive dairy farm, focusing on the shifts observed in different months.

Molecular mechanism of microRNA-mediated hypoglycemic effect of whole grain highland barley.

As a non-coding RNA, microRNA (miRNA) has been proven to play an important role in the development and progression of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Highland barley is a whole grain from the Tibetan areas of China. Our previous studies have demonstrated its hypoglycemic effect.

Elimination of Microcystis aeruginosa through Leuconostoc mesenteroides DH and its underlying mechanism.

Microcystis aeruginosa is ubiquitously found in various water bodies and can produce microcystins (MCs), which threaten the health of aquatic animals and human beings. The elimination of excessive M. aeruginosa is beneficial for the protection of the ecosystems and public health.

Autoinducer-2 promotes adherence of through facilitating the expression of MSHA type IV pili genes mediated by c-di-GMP.

can adhere to host cells through different adherence factors including outer-membrane proteins (OMPs), lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and pili, but its adherence mechanisms are still unclear. Here, we evaluated the effect of autoinducer-2 (AI-2) on adherence of and its regulation mechanism. After determination of the promotion effect of AI-2 on adherence, we investigated which adherence factor was regulated by AI-2, and the results show that AI-2 only limits the formation of pili.

In vivo deep-brain 2-photon fluorescent microscopy labeled with near-infrared dyes excited at the 1700 nm window.

2-Photon fluorescence microscopy (2PFM) is an indispensable imaging technology for neuroscience. However, the imaging depth is usually limited to the cortical layer in mouse brain in vivo. Here, we demonstrate deep brain 2PFM in vivo excited at the 1700 nm window, using IR780 and aza-IR780 as fluorescent labels.

Co-packaged optics (CPO): status, challenges, and solutions.

Due to the rise of 5G, IoT, AI, and high-performance computing applications, datacenter traffic has grown at a compound annual growth rate of nearly 30%. Furthermore, nearly three-fourths of the datacenter traffic resides within datacenters. The conventional pluggable optics increases at a much slower rate than that of datacenter traffic.

Deep-Brain 3- and 4-Photon Fluorescence Imaging of Subcortical Structures Labeled by Quantum Dots Excited at the 2200 nm Window.

Multiphoton microscopy (MPM) is an enabling technology for visualizing deep-brain structures at high spatial resolution . Within the low tissue absorption window, shifting to longer excitation wavelengths reduces tissue scattering and boosts penetration depth. Recently, the 2200 nm excitation window has emerged as the last and longest window suitable for deep-brain MPM.

Co-doped g-CN nanotube decorated separators mediate polysulfide redox for high performance lithium sulfur batteries.

The main issue with lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries is the serious irreversible capacity loss caused by the polysulfide shuttle process. In this work, we propose an electro-catalytic strategy for absorbing and transferring long-chain polysulfides during the redox process, which is the key to improving the utilization of S. Reported here is a Co doped tubular g-CN (CN) modified separator (Co-TCN@PP), which successfully inhibited the polysulfide shuttle by physical absorption and catalysis, thus facilitating the high utilization of S.

Resolving arteriolar wall structures in mouse brain in vivo with three-photon microscopy.

The brain arteriolar wall is a multilayered structure, whose integrity is of key significance to the brain function. However, resolving these different layers in anmial models in vivo is hampered by the lack of either labeling or imaging technology. Here, we demonstrate that three-photon microscopy (3PM) is an ideal solution.