Qiancao ( spp.) - a comprehensive metabolomics analysis of the five core species.

Introduction: Qiancao comprises five closely related species: L., Diels., Decne.

High-throughput profiling of chemical-induced gene expression across 93,644 perturbations.

In this Resource, we present an extensive dataset of chemical-induced gene signatures (CIGS), encompassing expression patterns of 3,407 genes regulating key biological processes in 2 human cell lines exposed to 13,221 compounds across 93,664 perturbations. This dataset encompasses 319,045,108 gene expression events, generated through 2 high-throughput technologies: the previously documented high-throughput sequencing-based high-throughput screening (HTS) and the newly developed highly multiplexed and parallel sequencing (HiMAP-seq). Our results show that HiMAP-seq is comparable to RNA sequencing, but can profile the expression of thousands of genes across thousands of samples in one single test by utilizing a pooled-sample strategy.

Efficacy and safety of Suhuang Zhike capsule for cough variant asthma: a multicenter, single-arm, open-label phase IV real-world clinical trial.

Objective: To summarize the clinical efficacy characteristics of Suhuang Zhike capsule and evaluate the incidence of adverse reactions in its broad clinical application.

Methods: This was a multicenter, prospective, single-arm, open-label phase IV clinical trial. A total of 1100 patients diagnosed with cough variant asthma (CVA) and the Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) syndrome of wind evil invading the lung and lung failing to propagate were planned for recruitment.

Novel Insights into the Mechanisms of Perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) Accumulation in Lettuce ( L.): Importance of Detoxification Efflux Carriers.

Perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) contamination in crops threatens food safety and human health. Cultivating PFOS low-accumulation variety (LAV) crops, such as lettuce, can mitigate such risks. However, the mechanisms underlying the accumulation of PFOS in LAV remain elusive.

Identification and removal of system-induced autofluorescence in miniaturized fiber-optic fluorescence endoscopes.

Miniaturized fiber-optic fluorescence endoscopes play a crucial role in medical diagnostics and research, but system-induced autofluorescence remains a significant challenge, particularly in single-fiber setups. While recent advances, such as double-clad fiber (DCF) and DCF couplers, have reduced background noise, complete elimination remains challenging. Research on the various sources of system-induced autofluorescence and the methods to remove them is scarce.

Overlooked synergisms of flotation organic reagents and toxic metals in water: Formation of tridentate cadmium-xanthate complexes.

Mining activities release a substantial quantity of toxic metals and organic flotation reagents into the aquatic environment, causing severe pollution and potential health risks. However, the synergisms and mechanisms associated with these mixed pollutants are largely overlooked. The combined application of atomic force microscopy, high-resolution mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, isothermal titration calorimetry, and quantum chemical calculations revealed that cadmium (Cd) was capable of forming tridentate coordination complexes with typical organic beneficiation reagents, namely xanthates (ethyl, isopropyl, and butyl xanthates).

Investigation of the Mouse Infection Model for Echovirus 18.

Echovirus 18, a member of the B group of enteroviruses, is a significant etiological agent of aseptic meningitis and viral encephalitis in children. In this study, we investigated the pathogenicity of E18 by establishing a mouse infection model after comparing various mouse strains and injection methods. Two-day-old IFNAR1 knockout mice infected with clinical isolates of E18 exhibited symptoms such as lethargy, hind limb paralysis, and even mortality.

Integrated multi-omics analyses of molecular pathways underlying microcystin-LR toxicity in the earthworm Eisenia fetida.

Contamination of soil with microcystin-LR (MC-LR) has emerged as a significant environmental concern, but its toxicological impacts and underlying mechanisms on soil-dwelling invertebrates are not yet fully elucidated. Here we employed a comprehensive strategy integrating histopathological, ultrastructural, biochemical, and multi-omics (metabolomics and proteomics) analyses to investigate the effects of MC-LR on Eisenia fetida, a model soil organism. MC-LR exposure induced dose-dependent structural damage to the epidermal and intestinal tissues, disrupting antioxidant systems while elevating detoxification enzyme activity.

Phyllosphere microbes are associated with variety-specific accumulation of di-n-butyl phthalate in choysum ().

Plant-microbe interactions in the phyllosphere have been demonstrated to facilitate plant growth and enhance resistance to diverse stresses, but the resulting effect on bioaccumulation of contaminants in plants is rarely considered. Here, by comparing differences in the phyllosphere morphology, bacterial community assembly, and metabolites between two choysum () varieties differing in di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) accumulation, we revealed associations between the key phyllosphere exudate (fumarate) and the recruited specific microbes that may contribute to the variety-specific DBP accumulation in choysum. Compared with the DBP-high accumulation variety (HAV), the DBP-low accumulation variety (LAV) could not only enhance the recruitment of phyllosphere microbes capable of degrading DBP by increasing fumarate secretion, but also facilitate the colonization of DBP-degrading bacteria via induction of biofilm formation, ultimately resulting in lower DBP accumulation in leaves.

Diagnostic interchangeability of deep-learning based Synth-STIR images generated from T1 and T2 weighted spine images.

Objectives: To evaluate image quality and diagnostic interchangeability of synth short-tau inversion recovery (STIR) generated by deep learning in comparison with standard STIR.

Materials And Methods: This prospective study recruited participants between July 2023 and August 2023. Participants were scanned with T1WI and T2WI, then generated Synth-STIR.

Cell Shock Absorption via Stress Relaxation Hydrogel Microspheres for Alleviating Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Chondrocytes.

Chronic mechanical vibrations and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress are major contributors to osteoarthritis (OA) progression. This study proposes a novel "cellular shock absorption" approach by developing viscoelastic hydrogel microspheres with tunable stress relaxation properties. By modulating the chemical bonds in the hydrogel network through oxidation and hydrazine coupling reaction, hydrogel microspheres capable of absorbing shock and reducing mechanical stimulus-induced ER stress in chondrocytes are created.

Phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors combined with traditional Chinese medicine for diabetes mellitus-induced erectile dysfunction: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Diabetes mellitus-induced erectile dysfunction (DMED) involves complex pathophysiology, leading to suboptimal outcomes with phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (PDE5I) alone. Combining PDE5I with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) may enhance therapeutic efficacy, but evidence synthesis is lacking. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aims to compare the efficacy and safety of PDE5I combined with TCM versus PDE5I monotherapy in DMED management.

Multimodal CRISPR screens uncover DDX39B as a global repressor of A-to-I RNA editing.

Adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) RNA editing is a critical post-transcriptional modification that diversifies the transcriptome and influences various cellular processes, yet its regulatory mechanisms remain largely unknown. Here, we present two complementary CRISPR-based genetic screening platforms: CREDITS (CRISPR-based RNA editing regulator screening), which enables genome-scale identification of editing regulators using an RNA recorder-based reporter system, and scCREDIT-seq (single-cell CRISPR-based RNA editing sequencing), which provides multiplexed single-cell characterization of transcriptome and editome changes for pooled perturbations. By screening 1,350 RNA-binding proteins, we identified a series of A-to-I editing regulators.

Dust-borne emerging contaminants: an underrecognized risk factor for non-communicable diseases in older Chinese adults.

Given global aging and the growing burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), identifying environmental risk factors in older adults is critical. This study investigated the associations between dust-borne emerging contaminant (EC) exposures and several high-incidence NCDs in older adults. 137 province-level dust measurements of microplastics, liquid crystal monomers, organophosphate esters, and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances across 23 provinces were used to estimate exposure levels for 14 466 Chinese participants (mean age 84.

Preoperative MRI-based deep learning reconstruction and classification model for assessing rectal cancer.

Background: To determine whether deep learning reconstruction (DLR) could improve the image quality of rectal MR images, and to explore the discrimination of the TN stage of rectal cancer by different readers and deep learning classification models, compared with conventional MR images without DLR.

Methods: Images of high-resolution T2-weighted, diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), and contrast-enhanced T1-weighted imaging (CE-T1WI) from patients with pathologically diagnosed rectal cancer were retrospectively processed with and without DLR and assessed by five readers. The first two readers measured the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) of the lesions.

Real-world defocus deblurring via score-based diffusion models.

Defocus blur commonly arises from the cameras' depth-of-field limitations. While the deep learning method shows promise for image restoration problems, defocus deblurring requires accurate training data comprising pairs of all-in-focus and defocus images, which can be difficult to collect in real-world scenarios. To address this problem, we propose a high-resolution iterative deblurring method for real scenes driven by a score-based diffusion model.

Gene signature-guided isolation identifies cucurbitacins as STAT3 inhibitors from Picria fel-terrae Lour.

Background: The transcription activator factor signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) diseases, such as triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), making the need to identify new inhibitors crucial for effective treatment. In this regard, plants used in traditional Chinese medicine, including Picria fel-terrae Lour. (PFL), represent a rich source of bioactive compounds for identifying STAT3 inhibitors.

Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) promotes transformational transfer of antibiotic resistance genes and cross-resistance between antibiotics and PFOS.

Both per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) pollution and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) dissemination pose significant threats to global public health. PFASs and ARGs coexist in the environment, but little research was done on associations between PFASs and ARGs dissemination. This study demonstrated that perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) increased ARGs transformation by 1.

Degradation efficiency for phthalates and cooperative mechanism in synthetic bacterial consortium and its bioaugmentation for soil remediation.

Agricultural soil contamination by phthalates (PAEs) necessitates efficient remediation strategies with microbial degradation. However, microbial cooperation of PAE-degrading consortia and their effectiveness in bioaugmentation through re-colonization remain poorly understood. In this study, synthetic PAE-degrading bacterial consortia were constructed using the 20 isolates derived from maize rhizosphere to explore microbial cooperation and bioaugmentation for PAE removal.

Copper-Catalyzed Dienylation of Aldehydes Using Propargylic Carbonates.

A copper-catalyzed dienylation of aldehydes using propargylic carbonates in the presence of Bpin has been successfully developed, enabling the synthesis of a diverse range of substituted 1,3-butadienyl-2-carbinols (BDCs). This innovative approach circumvents the requirement of allene reagents and provides an alternative protocol that allows access to BDCs. In addition, the synthetic value of the products has been demonstrated in a series of further conversions, and the reaction mechanism has been proposed based on control experiments.

LncRNA PGM5-AS1 regulates cell functions and acts as a potential biomarker to predict prognosis in breast cancer.

BackgroundThe aggressive proliferation and spread of breast cancer contributes to a dismal clinical outcome. The present study was to investigate the function and underlying mechanism of the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) PGM5-AS1 in the modulation of breast cancer.MethodsQuantitative real time-polymerase chain reaction was utilized to assess the levels of PGM5-AS1 and miR-18a-3p.

Three distinct classes of myenteric ganglia in mice and humans: insights from quantitative analyses.

Background: The myenteric plexus primarily consists of the myenteric ganglia, which include enteric neurons, synaptic neuropils, and glial cells. Abnormal myenteric plexus formation can result in gastrointestinal disorders. Comprehensive morphological classification studies of myenteric ganglia remain limited.

Sustainable remediation of butyl xanthate-contaminated mine wastewater by combining emergent macrophyte Cyperus alternifolius with a versatile bacterial isolate.

Butyl xanthate (BuX) is an emerging pollutant due to wide use as flotation collector, posing a serious threat to ecosystem health in mining areas. Here we develop a combinational plant-microbe remediation strategy for restoration of BuX-contaminated mining areas. A novel bacterial strain that completely degraded up to 1000 mg/L of BuX within 12 h was isolated and identified as Pseudomonas monteilii W50.

Analysis of the causes of redo pull-through for recurrent constipation and the risk factors affecting the prognosis of the Hirschsprung's disease: a single-center retrospective study and systematic review.

Background: Hirschsprung's disease (HSCR) is a congenital gastrointestinal disorder. Pull-through (PT) surgery, the primary treatment, often leads to recurrent constipation. The causes of redo pull-through (redo-PT) for recurrent constipation remain unclear, with limited research on follow-up outcomes and prognostic factors.

Quantitative Ischemic Lesions of Portable Low-Field Strength MRI Using Deep Learning-Based Super-Resolution.

Background: Deep learning-based synthetic super-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (SynthMRI) may improve the quantitative lesion performance of portable low-field strength magnetic resonance imaging (LF-MRI). The aim of this study is to evaluate whether SynthMRI improves the diagnostic performance of LF-MRI in assessing ischemic lesions.

Methods: We retrospectively included 178 stroke patients and 104 healthy controls with both LF-MRI and high-field strength magnetic resonance imaging (HF-MRI) examinations.